Explanation:

Calculating according to a vern diagram

52=hindi fail

42=english fail

17=both subjects fail

So only hindi fail=52-17=35

And only English fail=42-17=25

So failures in hindi +failures in english=25+35=60+17(you have to add the people who failed in both once)

Considering total strength as 100 passing percentage would be 100-60=40%-17%=23%

Hence, option 1 is the correct answer.