Explanation:

- The United Nations Security Council (UNSC) is composed of 15 members, five of whom are permanent.

- Option 1: Brazil - Brazil is not a permanent member. It's a non-permanent member of the UNSC that serves on a rotational basis.

- Option 2: Japan - Japan is also not a permanent member. Like Brazil, it serves as a non-permanent member periodically.

- Option 3: Germany - Germany is not a permanent member but takes part as a non-permanent member.

- Option 4: China - China is one of the five permanent members of the UNSC, alongside the United States, Russia, the United Kingdom, and France.