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A pyramid has an equilateral triangle as its base, of which each side is 8 cm. Its slant edge is 24 cm. The whole surface area of the pyramid (in cm2) is

Answers

1. 1

2. 2

3. 3

4. 4

If 80 litres of milk solution has 60% milk in it, then how much milk should be added to make milk 80% in the solution?

1. 70 litres

2. 50 litres 

3. 60 litres 

4. 80 litres

1. 135 

2. 120 

3. 180 

4. 90

What is the perimeter of a square inscribed in a circle of radius 5 cm?

1. 20√2 cm

2. 40√2 cm

3. 30√2 cm

4. 10√2 cm

If the curved surface area of a cylinder is 126π cm2 and its height is 14 cm, what is the volume of the cylinder?

Answers

1. A

2. B

3. C

4. D

1. 1

2. 2

3. 3

4. 4

A, B and C invested capital in the ratio of 3 : 4 : 8. At the end of the business term, they received the profit in the ratio of 2 : 3 : 5. What is the ratio of their invested time?

1. 15 : 16 : 13 

2. 13 : 18 : 15 

3. 16 : 18 : 15 

4. 16 : 21 : 18

1. 1

2. 2

3. 3

4. 4

Reshma covers 45 km at a speed of 15 km/h by bicycle, 80 km at a speed of 40 km/h by car, and another 6 km at a speed of 2 km/h on foot. Find her average speed for the whole journey (correct to 2 decimal places).

1.  16.38 km/h 

2. 43.50 km/h

3. 18.36 km/h 

4. 15.25 km/h

A dishonest dealer marks up his goods by 50% and then gives a discount of 20% on the marked price. Apart from this, he uses a faulty balance which reads 1kg for 900 gm. What is his net profit percentage (rounded off to the nearest integer)?

1. 24

2. 27

3. 36

4. 33

If ?ABC is right angled at B, AB = 12 cm and ∠CAB = 60°, determine the length of BC.

1. 

2. 12 cm

3. 

4. 

Find the number of diagonals of a regular polygon, sum of whose interior angles is 2700°

1. 121 

2. 119 

3. 127

4. 117

In five years simple interest on an amount of Rs. X is 2/5 of the principal. The rate of interest per annum is :

1.  12%

2. 8%

3. 10%

4. 5%

Find the value of given expression.

3 – (– 6) {– 2 – 9 – 3} ÷ 7{1 + (– 2) (– 1)}

1. - 1

2. 15

3. 7

4. 1

The difference between the length of two parallel sides of a trapezium is 12 cm. The perpendicular distance between these two parallel sides is 60 cm. If the area of the trapezium is 1380 cm2, then find the length of each of the parallel sides (in cm).

1. 27, 15 

2. 31, 19 

3. 29, 17 

4. 24, 12

For a sample data, mean = 60 and median = 48. For this distribution, the mode is:

1. 18

2. 48

3. 36

4. 24

The centroid of an equilateral triangle PQR is L. If PQ = 6 cm, the length of PL is:

1. 4√3 cm

2. 3√3 cm

3. 2√3 cm

4. 5√3 cm

Find the exact value of cos 120°.

1. 1

2. 0

3. - 0.5

4. 0.5

If 4x2 + y2 = 40 and xy = 6, then find the value of 2x + y.

1. 6

2. 8

3. 5

4. 4

The ratio of the number of coins of 25 paise, 50 paise, Rs.2 and Rs.5 is 5 : 4 : 3 : 1, respectively. If the total amount of the coins is Rs.285, then the difference between the number of 25 paise and Rs.5 coins is: 

1. 80

2. 30

3. 40

4. 60

The average marks obtained by Saloni in four papers is 51, and in the fifth paper she gets 56 marks. Find her new average in all five papers.

1. 51

2. 52

3. 49

4. 50

A and B can complete a work together in 48 days. A is 4 times as work efficient as B. In how many days can B alone complete the work? 

1. 220 days

2. 320 days 

3. 240 days 

4. 120 days

For what value of m will the system of equations 18x-72y+13=0 and 7x-my-17=0 have no solution?

1. 28

2. 24

3. 9

4. 12

Successive discounts of 10% and 10% are equivalent to a single discount of:

1. 18%

2. 19%

3. 20%

4. 21%

1. 1

2. 2

3. 3

4. 4

The mode of the following data is __________.

13,15,31,12,27,13,27,30,27,28 and16

1. 28

2. 27

3. 30

4. 31

 Six years ago, the ratio of ages of A to B was 7 : 5. After 4 years from now, the ratio of their ages will be 11 : 9. What is A’s age at present?

1. 24 1/2 years

2. 22 1/2 years

3. 231/2 years

4. 21 1/2 years

 Mrs. Deepa Devi saves 30% of her salary. If she receives Rs.42,000 per month as her salary, what is her monthly expenditure? 

1. Rs.29,200 

2. Rs.29,400 

3. Rs.29,300

4. Rs.29,100

Find the amount (integral value only) if a sum of ?6,500 is being borrowed at 10% interest per annum for 2 years if interest is compounded half-yearly

1. Rs..8,150 

2. Rs.7,900 

3. Rs.7,650 

4. Rs..8,250

The number 1254216 is divisible by which of the following numbers?

1. 5

2. 11

3. 6

4. 8

1. 1

2. 2

3. 3

4. 4

If ÷ means −, − means ×, × means +, + means ÷, what will come in place of the question mark (?)?

77 ÷ 7 × 17 – 49 + 7 = ?

1. 189 

2. 119 

3. 145

4. 169

 A question is given, followed by two statements numbered (I) and (II). You have to decide whether the data provided in the statements is sufficient to answer the question. Read both the statements and select the appropriate answer. Question: How many people are standing in the row where all people are facing north? Statements:

(I) A is fourth from the left end; M is second to the right of A; and R is second from the left end.

(II) M is fourth from the right end; only two people Stand between M and B.

1. Data in either statement I alone or statement II alone is sufficient to answer the question 

2. Data in statements I and II together is sufficient to answer the question 

3. Data in statement I alone is sufficient to answer the question while data in statement II is not 

4.  Data in statement II alone is sufficient to answer the question while data in statement I is not

Three of the following words are alike in some manner and hence form a group. Which word does NOT belong to that group? (The words must be considered as meaningful English words and must not be grouped based on the number of letters/number of consonants/vowels in the word)

1. Chickens 

2. Bats 

3. Seals 

4. Rodents

In a certain code language, ‘MADRAS’ is written as ‘112’ and ‘JAMMU’ is written as ‘82’. How will ‘PUNJAB’ be written in that language?

1.  109 

2. 104 

3. 112 

4. 115

 ‘A # B’ means ‘A is the brother of B’.

‘A @ B’ means ‘A is the daughter of B’.

‘A & B’ means ‘A is the husband of B’.

‘A % B’ means ‘A is the wife of B’.

If D @ N @ H & Y @ F % V, then how is Y related to D? 

1. Mother

2.  Husband’s mother 

3. Father’s sister

4. Mother’s mother

1. 1

2. 2

3. 3

4. 4

Select the number from among the given options that can replace the question mark (?) in the following series.

48, 75, 108, ?, 192 

1. 153

2. 147 

3. 112 

4. 126

Select the set in which the numbers are related in the same way as are the numbers of the following set.

(NOTE : Operations should be performed on the whole numbers, without breaking down the numbers into its constituent digits. E.g. 13 – Operations on 13 such as adding /deleting /multiplying etc. to 13 can be performed. Breaking down 13 into 1 and 3 and then performing mathematical operations on 1 and 3 is NOT allowed)

(8, 1, 46)

(9, 4, 22)

1. (4,2,5) 

2. (8,5,43) 

3. (7,3,13) 

4. (7,6,13)

In this question, a question is followed by two statements numbered (I) and (II). You have to decide whether the data provided in the statement/s are sufficient to answer the question. Read both the statements and choose your answer carefully.

Question: P, Q, R, S, T, U and V are 7 people standing in a row all facing North (not necessarily in the same order).

Who is standing second to the right of T?

Statements:

I) U is standing 3rd from the right end and 2nd to the left of R.

(II) Q is standing to the immediate right of T. Q is standing 2nd to the left of P

1. The data in both the Statements (I) and (II) together are sufficient to answer the question. 

2. The data in Statement (II) alone is sufficient to answer the question, while the data in statement (I) alone is not sufficient to answer the question. 

3. The data in Statement (I) alone is sufficient to answer the question, while the data in Statement (II) alone is not sufficient to answer the question.

4. The data in both the Statements (I) and (II) together are NOT sufficient to answer the question.

 ‘A # B’ means ‘A is the brother of B’.

‘A @ B’ means ‘A is the daughter of B’.

‘A & B’ means ‘A is the husband of B’.

‘A % B’ means ‘A is the wife of B’.

If S % D # F @ G & H @ J,

then how is F related to J?

1. Daughter

2. Daughter’s daughter

3. Sister’s daughter 

4. Son’s wife

A situation is given, followed by two conclusions I and II. Read the situation and both the conclusions carefully and select the correct answer.

Situation: Since the past 15 years, 75% of the products in the world’s pottery market comes from Country K. However, the employment in the pottery industry of Country K has been consistently declining by 5-9% every year since the past 3 years.

Conclusions:

I. Even after declining employment, Country K has enough potters to continue contributing equally to the international market.

II. The local demand of pottery in Country K has substantially decreased leading to less interest among potters.

1. Neither I nor II can be concluded

2. Only II can be concluded

3. Only I can be concluded

4. Both I and II can be concluded

1. 1

2. 2

3. 3

4. 4

Select the correct combination of mathematical signs to sequentially replace the * signs and balance the given equation.

268 * 4 * 8 * 5 * 14 = 41 

1. + × − ÷ 

2. × ÷ + − 

3. ÷ × + − 

4. ÷ − × +

 In a code language, 'PLUMAGE' is written as ‘GICOWNR’ and 'CRUSH' is written as

'JUWTE'. How will 'TRIBAL' be written in that language?

1. NCDKTV 

2. NCBJTV

3.  NCDJTV 

4.  NCBKTV

 Each of A, B, C, D, E, F and G has an exam on a different day of a week starting from Monday and ending on Sunday of the same week. A has an exam on Wednesday. Only one person has an exam between A and B. D has an exam on the day immediately before B. Only one person has an exam between F and B. G’s exam is on one of the days before A but on one of the days after C. On which day does G have an exam?

1.  Friday

2. Tuesday 

3. Monday

4. Wednesday

1. 1

2. 2

3. 3

4. 4

In this question, two statements I and II have been given. These statements may be independent causes or effects of independent causes or a common cause. One of the statements may be the effect of the other statement. Read both statements and select the correct answer. I.Since the past three years, State M has reported a sharp and substantial decline in the state’s agricultural produce. II.In the last five years, there has been an increase in the overall average Rainfall by 6% in State M bringing respite to the farmers.

1. I is the cause and II is its possible effect 

2. Both I and II are independent causes 

3. II is the cause and I is its possible effect

4. Both I and II are effects of independent causes

1. 1

2. 2

3. 3

4. 4

1. 1

2. 2

3. 3

4. 4

1. 1

2. 2

3. 3

4. 4

Select the option that represents the letters that, when placed from left to right in the following blanks, will complete the letter-series.

F I R _ D F _ _ E D F _ T _ D F I _ E _

1. E I S I E U D 

2. E G S J E U E 

3. E H S I E U D

4. E I S I E U E

1. 3,4,1,5,2,6 

2. 6,5,3,4,1,2 

3. 2,4,6,3,5,1 

4. 2,4,6,3,1,5

Which of the following letter-clusters should replace # and % so that the pattern and relationship followed between the letter-cluster pair on the left side of :: is the same as that on the right side of ::?

# : KNF :: QCV : %

1.  # = IPD, % = OET 

2. # = HPD, % = NFS 

3. # = MLH, % = OET 

4. # = HQC, % = NFS

 In this question, the statement is followed by two conclusions. Which of the two conclusion(s) is/are true?

Statement: Z > F ≥ A = B = G > S < E

Conclusions:

I. Z < A

II. G < F

1.  Only conclusion I is true. 

2. Only conclusion II is true.

3.  Both conclusions I and II are true.

4. Neither conclusion I nor II is true.

The second number in the given number-pairs is obtained by performing certain mathematical operation(s) on the first number. The same operation(s) is/are followed in all the number-pairs except one. Find that odd number-pair.

1. 18 : 42 

2. 1 : 6

3. 5 : 34

4. 7 : 18

 Three statements are given, followed by three conclusions numbered I, II and III. Assuming the statements to be true, even if they seem to be at variance with commonly known facts, decide which of the conclusions logically follow(s) from the statements.

Statements:

l. All phones are laptops.

ll. All pen-drives are phones.

lll.  All pen-drives are pens.

Conclusions:

I. All pens are phones.

II. All laptops are pens.

III. All pen-drives are laptops.

1.  Only conclusion III follows 

2. Only conclusions I and II follow

3. Only conclusions II and III follow

4. Only conclusions I and III follow

1. 1

2. 2

3. 3

4. 4

There are 4 friends A, B, C and D standing in a straight line, though not necessarily in the same order. A and B are ahead of at least 1 person. B stands between C and D. D does not stand last. Who stands first? 

1. A

2. B

3. C

4. D

1. 1

2. 2

3. 3

4. 4

The following sentence has been split into four segments. Identify the segment that contains a grammatical error.

The postman / delivers the letters / through hand, / door to door.

1. door to door

2. delivers the letters 

3. The postman 

4. through hand

Select the most appropriate collocating word to fill in the blank.

Mentally strong people do not________ to suicide over trivial issues.

1. Make up 

2. Give in 

3. Conceive on 

4. Fall in

 Sentences of a paragraph are given below in jumbled order. Arrange the sentences in the correct order to form a meaningful and coherent paragraph.

P. Perhaps no definition of democracy is more popular and universally acceptable than what is given by Abraham Lincoln.

Q. He defines democracy as “a government of the people, by the people and for the people”.

R. Certainly, democracy is the most representative form of government.

S. To bind the people and take the nation ahead on the path of progress, democracy is the most suitable form of government for India.

1.  PSRQ 

2. QRSP

3. PQRS 

4. SRQP

Parts of a sentence/paragraph are given below. While the first and the last parts (A and F) are in the correct order, the parts in between are jumbled up. Arrange the parts in the correct order to form a meaningful and coherent sentence/paragraph.

A. I love

B. so that

C. every morning

D. for a walk

E. to go

F. I can keep myself fit and healthy.

1.  B, C, D, E 

2. D, E, B, C 

3. C, B, D, E 

4. E, D, C, B

Select the most appropriate ANTONYM of the underlined word.

The manager decided to resign from his post as the bank was declared to be insolvent.

1. Independent 2

2. Commercial 

3. Affluent 

4. Bankrupt

The following sentence has been split into four segments. Identify the segment that contains a grammatical error.

She watched / the thief who / steal the purse / in the bus.

1. the thief who

2. in the bus

3. steal the purse

4. She watched

Select the option that expresses the given sentence in active voice.

A new book on games will be released by the publishers next week.

1. The publishers will release a new book on games next week.

2. The publishers will publish a new book on games next week. 

3. The publishers will be releasing a new book next week.

4. The publishers would release a new book next week.

Select the most appropriate ANTONYM for the word 'often' in the following sentence.

Usually at Christmas, uncle often brings lovely and cherished gifts for us.

1. seldom 

2. cherished 

3. lovely 

4. usually

Select the most appropriate option to fill in the blank.

The movie was released__________ expected

1. later than 

2. most later than 

3. later then 

4. more later than

Select the correct collocation from the options and complete the sentence.

Rahul is _____ Coding.

1.  skilled on

2. strong of

3. experienced of 

4. experienced in

Select the option that can be used as a one-word substitute for the given group of words.

The science and art of growing vegetables, fruits and flowers 

1. Herpetology 

2. Horticulture 

3. Haplology 

4. Herbing

Select the option that can be used as a one-word substitute for the given group of words.

One who is a boot licker and flatterer.

1. . Gold-digger 

2. Gregarious 

3. Sycophant 

4. Manipulative

Select the option that expresses the given sentence in indirect speech.

I said to Mohan, “He has a green book.”

1. I told Mohan that he had had a green book. 

2. I told Mohan that he have a green book. 

3. I told Mohan that he had a green book.

4. I told Mohan that he has a green book.

Select the most appropriate homonym to fill in the blank.

The farmers grow ________ in their fields.

1. maze 

2. mays 

3. mase 

4. maize

Select the INCORRECTLY spelt word.

1. Abhorrent 

2. Abseil 

3. Acede 

4. Abscess

Sentences of a paragraph are given below in jumbled order. Arrange the sentences in the correct order to form a meaningful and coherent paragraph.

A. Fort Hare was more than that: it was a beacon for African scholars from all over Southern Central and Eastern Africa.

B. Until 1960, the University College of Fort Hare, in the municipality of Alice, about twenty miles due east from Healdtown, was the only residential center of higher education for blacks in South Africa.

C. For young black South Africans like myself, it was Oxford and Cambridge, Harvard and Yale, all rolled into one.

D. The regent was anxious for me to attend Fort Hare and I was gratified to be accepted there. I felt that I was being groomed for success in the world.

1. BACD

2. BCAD 

3. CABD 

4. BDAC

Select the option that will improve the underlined part of the given sentence.

Riya ran as fastly as a cheetah and saved the child from falling

1.  faster 

2. fasting

3. fast

4. fastest

Sentences of a paragraph are given below in jumbled order. Arrange the sentences in the correct order to form a meaningful and coherent paragraph.

A.We reached there at about 10 a.m.

B.The first ride we took was the Fury Wheel. It was really big, all of us were yelling and crying!

C.Yesterday, my friends and I went on a short picnic to an amusement park.

D.Even though we had reached on time there was a serpentine queue for the tickets. I took the entrance ticket.

1. CADB 

2. ABCD 

3. CDBA 

4. ADBC

 Sentences of a paragraph are given below in jumbled order. Arrange the sentences in the correct order to form a meaningful and coherent paragraph.

A. Helping parents become savvier at picking care options and tossing retention bonuses to caregivers are others.

B. These fixes, importantly, can make child care more affordable for parents and offer life rafts to centres haemorrhaging workers.

C.The most proposed government solution for child care involves building on top of this flawed system is offering more vouchers to purchase private child care.

D.But they do little to address the structural needs: improved quality for kids, better wages and working conditions for workers, and more choices in the low-income neighbourhoods.

1.  CDBA 

2. CBDA

3. CABD 

4. BADC

Select the most appropriate meaning of the given idiom.

Achilles’ Heel

1.  Irrelevant thing 

2. Vulnerable point 

3. Fast runner 

4. Costly item

Select the most appropriate synonym of the underlined word.

Bullying is a rather unacknowledged social evil.

1.  Unidentified 

2. Notable 

3. Infamous

4. Named

Identify the option that arranges the given parts in the correct order to form a meaningful paragraph.

A. In speed, in comfort, in beauty, in equipment she was a masterpiece.

B. It was the envy and admiration of the maritime nations of the world.

C. The Titanic was the Queen Alary of her day and the pride of the White Star Line.

D. Everything about her was attractive and fascinating.

1. CBAD

2. ABCD 

3. CDAB

4. DCAB

Select the most appropriate homonym to fill in the blank.

______________ knowledge in this field is really profound.

1. There 

2. Their

3. Dare 

4. They‘re

Choose the correct spelling of the underlined word in the given sentence. The committee could not reach a conscence even after a six-hour long meeting yesterday.

1.  consensus 

2. conscius

3. cautius 4

4. conscientios

Select the option that expresses the given sentence in reported speech.

She asked, “Are you meeting my partners next week?”

1. She asked about our meeting her partners next week. 

2. She asked if we meet her partners next week.

3. She asked if we were meeting her partners the following week.

4. She asked if we were meeting her partners next week.

Select the option that expresses the given sentence in direct speech.

I warned Rita not to be late the next day. 

1. I warned to Rita, “Don’t be late tomorrow”. 

2. I warning Rita, “Not be late tomorrow”.

3. I warned Rita, “Not be late tomorrow”. 

4. I warned Rita, “Don’t be late tomorrow”.  

Select the most appropriate meaning of the highlighted idiom

The actress’ daughter is just a chip off the old block 

1. To get into the enemy’s territory 

2. Similar to one's parents in behaviour 

3. To console the dreary 

4. To chip off the edges

Select the option that expresses the given sentence in passive voice. The Event Management team organised the wedding. 

1. The wedding is organised by the Event Management team.

2. The Event Management has organised the wedding. 

3. The Event Management team is organising the wedding. 

4. The wedding was organised by the Event Management team. 

Select the option that expresses the given sentence in active voice. A new gallery is being built inside the city stadium. 

1. They will build a new gallery inside the city stadium.

2. They were building a new gallery inside the city stadium.

3. They have been building a new gallery inside the city stadium.

4. They are building a new gallery inside the city stadium. 

Comprehension:

In the following passage, some words have been deleted. Read the passage carefully and select the most appropriate option to fill in each blank.

The phrase non-governmental or non-profit is commonly used to refer to the various organisations that (1)______ civil society. In general, such organisations are distinguished by the (2)______ that they operate for reasons other than financial gain. Surveys indicate that NGOs have a high degree of public (3)______, which can make them a useful proxy for the concerns of society and stakeholders. NGOs range from small pressure groups on specific environmental concerns or human rights (4)______, to educational charities, women's refuges, cultural associations, religious organisations, legal foundations, humanitarian assistance programmes – and the list could go on – to large international organisations with hundreds or even thousands of branches or members around the world.

Question:

Select the most appropriate option to fill in blank number 1. 

1. comprises 

2. comprising 

3. comprised 

4. comprise

Comprehension:

In the following passage, some words have been deleted. Read the passage carefully and select the most appropriate option to fill in each blank.

The phrase non-governmental or non-profit is commonly used to refer to the various organisations that (1)______ civil society. In general, such organisations are distinguished by the (2)______ that they operate for reasons other than financial gain. Surveys indicate that NGOs have a high degree of public (3)______, which can make them a useful proxy for the concerns of society and stakeholders. NGOs range from small pressure groups on specific environmental concerns or human rights (4)______, to educational charities, women's refuges, cultural associations, religious organisations, legal foundations, humanitarian assistance programmes – and the list could go on – to large international organisations with hundreds or even thousands of branches or members around the world.

Question:

Select the most appropriate option to fill in blank number 2.

1.  fact 

2. value 

3. clue 

4. lie

Comprehension:

In the following passage, some words have been deleted. Read the passage carefully and select the most appropriate option to fill in each blank.

The phrase non-governmental or non-profit is commonly used to refer to the various organisations that (1)______ civil society. In general, such organisations are distinguished by the (2)______ that they operate for reasons other than financial gain. Surveys indicate that NGOs have a high degree of public (3)______, which can make them a useful proxy for the concerns of society and stakeholders. NGOs range from small pressure groups on specific environmental concerns or human rights (4)______, to educational charities, women's refuges, cultural associations, religious organisations, legal foundations, humanitarian assistance programmes – and the list could go on – to large international organisations with hundreds or even thousands of branches or members around the world.

Question:

Select the most appropriate option to fill in blank number 3.

1. thought 

2. trust 

3. belief 

4. idea

Comprehension:

In the following passage, some words have been deleted. Read the passage carefully and select the most appropriate option to fill in each blank.

The phrase non-governmental or non-profit is commonly used to refer to the various organisations that (1)______ civil society. In general, such organisations are distinguished by the (2)______ that they operate for reasons other than financial gain. Surveys indicate that NGOs have a high degree of public (3)______, which can make them a useful proxy for the concerns of society and stakeholders. NGOs range from small pressure groups on specific environmental concerns or human rights (4)______, to educational charities, women's refuges, cultural associations, religious organisations, legal foundations, humanitarian assistance programmes – and the list could go on – to large international organisations with hundreds or even thousands of branches or members around the world.

Question:

Select the most appropriate option to fill in blank number 4.

1.  evaluation 

2. discrimination 

3. prohibitions 

4. violations

Comprehension:

Read the given passage and answer the questions that follow.

The sage of science, Einstein, was sitting in a depressive and pensive mood one evening. His eyes were brimming with tears. The pain was evident on his face. He peeped out of the window of his room. The sun had set a few minutes back. The sky was filled with a reddish glow. At this sunset, he felt that it was humanity that had sunk into devilish darkness and the reddish glow in the sky was the blood of humanity spilling all over the sky from earth. With tired steps, he walked back to his chair and settled down. It was the 9th of August 1945. Three days back, he had felt the same agony as if someone had torn him apart. He was deeply hurt and depressed when he heard on the radio that America had dropped an atom bomb on the Japanese city, Hiroshima. Today, within three days another bomb was dropped on another city, Nagasaki and lakhs of people had been killed. He had heard that the blast released so much energy that it had paled all past destructions in comparison and death had played out a pitiable dance of destruction. The flames that broke out of the bomb were burning, melting, and exploding buildings. Scared of the heat of the bomb, people had jumped into lakes and rivers, but the water was boiling and the people too were burnt and killed. The animals in the water were already boiled to death. Animals, trees, herbs, fragrant flowering plants were all turned into ashes. The atomic energy destruction had just not stopped there. It had entered the atmosphere there and had spread radiation that would affect people for generations to come and would also bring about destructive irreversible biological change in animals and plants.

As the news of the atomic attack reached Einstein, and he became aware of the glaring horror of the abuse of atomic energy, his distress and restlessness knew no bounds. He could not control himself and picked up his violin to turn his mind on to other things. While playing the violin, he tried to dissolve his distress in its sad notes, but couldn’t. He was burning on the embers of destruction; his heart was filled with an ocean of agony and tears just continued streaming uncontrollably out of his eyes. Night had fallen. His daughter came up and asked him to eat something as he had not taken anything for the last four days. His voice was restrained and he said, “I don’t feel like eating.” He could not sleep that night. Lying down, he was thinking how he had drawn the attention of the then American President Roosevelt towards the destructive powers of an atomic bomb. He had thought that this would be used to scare Hitler and put an end to the barbarism that Hitler was up to. However, Roosevelt kept him in the dark and made false promises. Eventually, he had abused Einstein’s equation of E = mc2 that resulted in the destructive experiments. His actions had made science and scientists as murderers. Einstein kept on thinking for a long time. Eventually, he slipped into sleep. When he woke up at dawn, there was a new dawn in him too. The atomic threat had transformed his heart.

Question:

Why did Einstein refuse to eat? 

1. As he felt happy 

2. As he felt worried 

3. As he felt guilty

4. As he felt sick 

Comprehension:

Read the given passage and answer the questions that follow.

The sage of science, Einstein, was sitting in a depressive and pensive mood one evening. His eyes were brimming with tears. The pain was evident on his face. He peeped out of the window of his room. The sun had set a few minutes back. The sky was filled with a reddish glow. At this sunset, he felt that it was humanity that had sunk into devilish darkness and the reddish glow in the sky was the blood of humanity spilling all over the sky from earth. With tired steps, he walked back to his chair and settled down. It was the 9th of August 1945. Three days back, he had felt the same agony as if someone had torn him apart. He was deeply hurt and depressed when he heard on the radio that America had dropped an atom bomb on the Japanese city, Hiroshima. Today, within three days another bomb was dropped on another city, Nagasaki and lakhs of people had been killed. He had heard that the blast released so much energy that it had paled all past destructions in comparison and death had played out a pitiable dance of destruction. The flames that broke out of the bomb were burning, melting, and exploding buildings. Scared of the heat of the bomb, people had jumped into lakes and rivers, but the water was boiling and the people too were burnt and killed. The animals in the water were already boiled to death. Animals, trees, herbs, fragrant flowering plants were all turned into ashes. The atomic energy destruction had just not stopped there. It had entered the atmosphere there and had spread radiation that would affect people for generations to come and would also bring about destructive irreversible biological change in animals and plants.

As the news of the atomic attack reached Einstein, and he became aware of the glaring horror of the abuse of atomic energy, his distress and restlessness knew no bounds. He could not control himself and picked up his violin to turn his mind on to other things. While playing the violin, he tried to dissolve his distress in its sad notes, but couldn’t. He was burning on the embers of destruction; his heart was filled with an ocean of agony and tears just continued streaming uncontrollably out of his eyes. Night had fallen. His daughter came up and asked him to eat something as he had not taken anything for the last four days. His voice was restrained and he said, “I don’t feel like eating.” He could not sleep that night. Lying down, he was thinking how he had drawn the attention of the then American President Roosevelt towards the destructive powers of an atomic bomb. He had thought that this would be used to scare Hitler and put an end to the barbarism that Hitler was up to. However, Roosevelt kept him in the dark and made false promises. Eventually, he had abused Einstein’s equation of E = mc2 that resulted in the destructive experiments. His actions had made science and scientists as murderers. Einstein kept on thinking for a long time. Eventually, he slipped into sleep. When he woke up at dawn, there was a new dawn in him too. The atomic threat had transformed his heart.

Question:

Select an appropriate title for the passage. 

1. War and Destruction 

2. Death in Hiroshima

3. Einstein and his Violin 

4. Atom Bombs

Comprehension:

Read the given passage and answer the questions that follow.

The sage of science, Einstein, was sitting in a depressive and pensive mood one evening. His eyes were brimming with tears. The pain was evident on his face. He peeped out of the window of his room. The sun had set a few minutes back. The sky was filled with a reddish glow. At this sunset, he felt that it was humanity that had sunk into devilish darkness and the reddish glow in the sky was the blood of humanity spilling all over the sky from earth. With tired steps, he walked back to his chair and settled down. It was the 9th of August 1945. Three days back, he had felt the same agony as if someone had torn him apart. He was deeply hurt and depressed when he heard on the radio that America had dropped an atom bomb on the Japanese city, Hiroshima. Today, within three days another bomb was dropped on another city, Nagasaki and lakhs of people had been killed. He had heard that the blast released so much energy that it had paled all past destructions in comparison and death had played out a pitiable dance of destruction. The flames that broke out of the bomb were burning, melting, and exploding buildings. Scared of the heat of the bomb, people had jumped into lakes and rivers, but the water was boiling and the people too were burnt and killed. The animals in the water were already boiled to death. Animals, trees, herbs, fragrant flowering plants were all turned into ashes. The atomic energy destruction had just not stopped there. It had entered the atmosphere there and had spread radiation that would affect people for generations to come and would also bring about destructive irreversible biological change in animals and plants.

As the news of the atomic attack reached Einstein, and he became aware of the glaring horror of the abuse of atomic energy, his distress and restlessness knew no bounds. He could not control himself and picked up his violin to turn his mind on to other things. While playing the violin, he tried to dissolve his distress in its sad notes, but couldn’t. He was burning on the embers of destruction; his heart was filled with an ocean of agony and tears just continued streaming uncontrollably out of his eyes. Night had fallen. His daughter came up and asked him to eat something as he had not taken anything for the last four days. His voice was restrained and he said, “I don’t feel like eating.” He could not sleep that night. Lying down, he was thinking how he had drawn the attention of the then American President Roosevelt towards the destructive powers of an atomic bomb. He had thought that this would be used to scare Hitler and put an end to the barbarism that Hitler was up to. However, Roosevelt kept him in the dark and made false promises. Eventually, he had abused Einstein’s equation of E = mc2 that resulted in the destructive experiments. His actions had made science and scientists as murderers. Einstein kept on thinking for a long time. Eventually, he slipped into sleep. When he woke up at dawn, there was a new dawn in him too. The atomic threat had transformed his heart.

Question:

What is the central theme of the passage? 

1. Einstein and his life 

2. Atomic war and its consequences 

3. Einstein and his love for music 

4. Science and its bad side

Comprehension:

Read the given passage and answer the questions that follow.

The sage of science, Einstein, was sitting in a depressive and pensive mood one evening. His eyes were brimming with tears. The pain was evident on his face. He peeped out of the window of his room. The sun had set a few minutes back. The sky was filled with a reddish glow. At this sunset, he felt that it was humanity that had sunk into devilish darkness and the reddish glow in the sky was the blood of humanity spilling all over the sky from earth. With tired steps, he walked back to his chair and settled down. It was the 9th of August 1945. Three days back, he had felt the same agony as if someone had torn him apart. He was deeply hurt and depressed when he heard on the radio that America had dropped an atom bomb on the Japanese city, Hiroshima. Today, within three days another bomb was dropped on another city, Nagasaki and lakhs of people had been killed. He had heard that the blast released so much energy that it had paled all past destructions in comparison and death had played out a pitiable dance of destruction. The flames that broke out of the bomb were burning, melting, and exploding buildings. Scared of the heat of the bomb, people had jumped into lakes and rivers, but the water was boiling and the people too were burnt and killed. The animals in the water were already boiled to death. Animals, trees, herbs, fragrant flowering plants were all turned into ashes. The atomic energy destruction had just not stopped there. It had entered the atmosphere there and had spread radiation that would affect people for generations to come and would also bring about destructive irreversible biological change in animals and plants.

As the news of the atomic attack reached Einstein, and he became aware of the glaring horror of the abuse of atomic energy, his distress and restlessness knew no bounds. He could not control himself and picked up his violin to turn his mind on to other things. While playing the violin, he tried to dissolve his distress in its sad notes, but couldn’t. He was burning on the embers of destruction; his heart was filled with an ocean of agony and tears just continued streaming uncontrollably out of his eyes. Night had fallen. His daughter came up and asked him to eat something as he had not taken anything for the last four days. His voice was restrained and he said, “I don’t feel like eating.” He could not sleep that night. Lying down, he was thinking how he had drawn the attention of the then American President Roosevelt towards the destructive powers of an atomic bomb. He had thought that this would be used to scare Hitler and put an end to the barbarism that Hitler was up to. However, Roosevelt kept him in the dark and made false promises. Eventually, he had abused Einstein’s equation of E = mc2 that resulted in the destructive experiments. His actions had made science and scientists as murderers. Einstein kept on thinking for a long time. Eventually, he slipped into sleep. When he woke up at dawn, there was a new dawn in him too. The atomic threat had transformed his heart.

Question:

Select the most appropriate ANTONYM of ‘set’ from the passage.

1. Stand 

2. Get up 

3. Rise 

4. Level

Comprehension:

Read the following passage and answer the questions given after it. The Indian Space Research Organisation (ISRO) announced another successful mission. ISRO chairman S. Somanath said that three small satellites successfully separated and were injected into orbit.

ISRO had launched three small satellites powered by its SSLV-D2 launch vehicle from Satish Dhawan Space Centre at Sriharikota on February 10, 2023 at 09:18 AM IST. The launch vehicle was carrying EOS-07, Janus-1 & AzaadiSAT-2 satellites and aimed to inject them into a 450 km circular orbit. The launch took place at the first launch pad at SDSC SHAR, Sriharikota. The SSLV-D2 had to take a 15 minutes flight to inject EOS-07, Janus-1 and AzaadiSAT-2 satellites into 450 km circular lower orbit. “It is configured with three solid propulsion stages and a velocity terminal module. It is a 34 m tall, 2 m diameter vehicle having a lift-off mass of 120 t,” said ISRO. The EOS-07 satellite weighs 156.3 kg and is made by ISRO. About 13 minutes into its flight, the SSLV rocket ejected EOS-07 and soon after that the other two satellites Janus-1 and AzaadiSAT-2 were ejected — all at an altitude of 450 km, said ISRO.

With the new rocket in its portfolio, ISRO will have three rockets — Polar Satellite Launch Vehicle (PSLV) and its variants (cost about Rs 200 crore), Geosynchronous Satellite Launch Vehicle (GSLV-MkII cost about Rs 272 crore and LVM3 Rs 434 crore) and SSLV (Development cost of three rockets about Rs 56 crore each) and production cost may go down later. “New experiments include mm-Wave Humidity Sounder and Spectrum Monitoring Payload. Janus-1, a 10.2 kg satellite belongs to ANTARIS, USA. A 8.7 kg satellite AzaadiSAT-2 is a combined effort of about 750 girl students across India guided by Space Kidz India, Chennai,” it added. SSLV caters to the launch of up to 500 kg satellites to Low Earth Orbits on ‘launch-ondemand’ basis. “It provides low-cost access to Space, offers low turn-around time and flexibility in accommodating multiple satellites, and demands minimal launch infrastructure,” as per a statement by ISRO

Question:

Which satellite was injected into the orbit first? 

1. EOS-07 

2. Janus 1

3. AzaadiSAT-2 

4. Antaris

Comprehension:

Read the following passage and answer the questions given after it. The Indian Space Research Organisation (ISRO) announced another successful mission. ISRO chairman S. Somanath said that three small satellites successfully separated and were injected into orbit.

ISRO had launched three small satellites powered by its SSLV-D2 launch vehicle from Satish Dhawan Space Centre at Sriharikota on February 10, 2023 at 09:18 AM IST. The launch vehicle was carrying EOS-07, Janus-1 & AzaadiSAT-2 satellites and aimed to inject them into a 450 km circular orbit. The launch took place at the first launch pad at SDSC SHAR, Sriharikota. The SSLV-D2 had to take a 15 minutes flight to inject EOS-07, Janus-1 and AzaadiSAT-2 satellites into 450 km circular lower orbit. “It is configured with three solid propulsion stages and a velocity terminal module. It is a 34 m tall, 2 m diameter vehicle having a lift-off mass of 120 t,” said ISRO. The EOS-07 satellite weighs 156.3 kg and is made by ISRO. About 13 minutes into its flight, the SSLV rocket ejected EOS-07 and soon after that the other two satellites Janus-1 and AzaadiSAT-2 were ejected — all at an altitude of 450 km, said ISRO.

With the new rocket in its portfolio, ISRO will have three rockets — Polar Satellite Launch Vehicle (PSLV) and its variants (cost about Rs 200 crore), Geosynchronous Satellite Launch Vehicle (GSLV-MkII cost about Rs 272 crore and LVM3 Rs 434 crore) and SSLV (Development cost of three rockets about Rs 56 crore each) and production cost may go down later. “New experiments include mm-Wave Humidity Sounder and Spectrum Monitoring Payload. Janus-1, a 10.2 kg satellite belongs to ANTARIS, USA. A 8.7 kg satellite AzaadiSAT-2 is a combined effort of about 750 girl students across India guided by Space Kidz India, Chennai,” it added. SSLV caters to the launch of up to 500 kg satellites to Low Earth Orbits on ‘launch-ondemand’ basis. “It provides low-cost access to Space, offers low turn-around time and flexibility in accommodating multiple satellites, and demands minimal launch infrastructure,” as per a statement by ISRO

Question:

Match the satellites with their weight. Satellites Weight

a. EOS-07 1. 10.2 kg

b. AzaadiSAT-2 2. 156.3

c. Janus 1 3. 8.7 kg

1. a-2, b-1, c-3 

2. a-1, b- 3, c-2 

3. a-2, b-3, c-1 

4. a -3, b -1, c-2

Comprehension:

Read the following passage and answer the questions given after it. The Indian Space Research Organisation (ISRO) announced another successful mission. ISRO chairman S. Somanath said that three small satellites successfully separated and were injected into orbit.

ISRO had launched three small satellites powered by its SSLV-D2 launch vehicle from Satish Dhawan Space Centre at Sriharikota on February 10, 2023 at 09:18 AM IST. The launch vehicle was carrying EOS-07, Janus-1 & AzaadiSAT-2 satellites and aimed to inject them into a 450 km circular orbit. The launch took place at the first launch pad at SDSC SHAR, Sriharikota. The SSLV-D2 had to take a 15 minutes flight to inject EOS-07, Janus-1 and AzaadiSAT-2 satellites into 450 km circular lower orbit. “It is configured with three solid propulsion stages and a velocity terminal module. It is a 34 m tall, 2 m diameter vehicle having a lift-off mass of 120 t,” said ISRO. The EOS-07 satellite weighs 156.3 kg and is made by ISRO. About 13 minutes into its flight, the SSLV rocket ejected EOS-07 and soon after that the other two satellites Janus-1 and AzaadiSAT-2 were ejected — all at an altitude of 450 km, said ISRO.

With the new rocket in its portfolio, ISRO will have three rockets — Polar Satellite Launch Vehicle (PSLV) and its variants (cost about Rs 200 crore), Geosynchronous Satellite Launch Vehicle (GSLV-MkII cost about Rs 272 crore and LVM3 Rs 434 crore) and SSLV (Development cost of three rockets about Rs 56 crore each) and production cost may go down later. “New experiments include mm-Wave Humidity Sounder and Spectrum Monitoring Payload. Janus-1, a 10.2 kg satellite belongs to ANTARIS, USA. A 8.7 kg satellite AzaadiSAT-2 is a combined effort of about 750 girl students across India guided by Space Kidz India, Chennai,” it added. SSLV caters to the launch of up to 500 kg satellites to Low Earth Orbits on ‘launch-ondemand’ basis. “It provides low-cost access to Space, offers low turn-around time and flexibility in accommodating multiple satellites, and demands minimal launch infrastructure,” as per a statement by ISRO

Question:

What is the passage mainly about? 

1. new experiments on satellites by ISRO 

2. launch of three small satellites in orbit by ISRO 

3. development of SSLV rocket by ISRO 

4. efforts to cut costs of satellites by ISRO 

Comprehension:

Read the following passage and answer the questions given after it. The Indian Space Research Organisation (ISRO) announced another successful mission. ISRO chairman S. Somanath said that three small satellites successfully separated and were injected into orbit.

ISRO had launched three small satellites powered by its SSLV-D2 launch vehicle from Satish Dhawan Space Centre at Sriharikota on February 10, 2023 at 09:18 AM IST. The launch vehicle was carrying EOS-07, Janus-1 & AzaadiSAT-2 satellites and aimed to inject them into a 450 km circular orbit. The launch took place at the first launch pad at SDSC SHAR, Sriharikota. The SSLV-D2 had to take a 15 minutes flight to inject EOS-07, Janus-1 and AzaadiSAT-2 satellites into 450 km circular lower orbit. “It is configured with three solid propulsion stages and a velocity terminal module. It is a 34 m tall, 2 m diameter vehicle having a lift-off mass of 120 t,” said ISRO. The EOS-07 satellite weighs 156.3 kg and is made by ISRO. About 13 minutes into its flight, the SSLV rocket ejected EOS-07 and soon after that the other two satellites Janus-1 and AzaadiSAT-2 were ejected — all at an altitude of 450 km, said ISRO.

With the new rocket in its portfolio, ISRO will have three rockets — Polar Satellite Launch Vehicle (PSLV) and its variants (cost about Rs 200 crore), Geosynchronous Satellite Launch Vehicle (GSLV-MkII cost about Rs 272 crore and LVM3 Rs 434 crore) and SSLV (Development cost of three rockets about Rs 56 crore each) and production cost may go down later. “New experiments include mm-Wave Humidity Sounder and Spectrum Monitoring Payload. Janus-1, a 10.2 kg satellite belongs to ANTARIS, USA. A 8.7 kg satellite AzaadiSAT-2 is a combined effort of about 750 girl students across India guided by Space Kidz India, Chennai,” it added. SSLV caters to the launch of up to 500 kg satellites to Low Earth Orbits on ‘launch-ondemand’ basis. “It provides low-cost access to Space, offers low turn-around time and flexibility in accommodating multiple satellites, and demands minimal launch infrastructure,” as per a statement by ISRO

Question:

fter reading the passage it can be inferred that it is 

1. a government release

2. a news item

3. a magazine article

4. an editorial

Comprehension:

Read the following passage and answer the questions given after it. Wetlands are amongst the most productive ecosystems on the Earth and provide many important services to human society. They exhibit enormous diversity according to their genesis, geographical location, water regime and chemistry, dominant species, and soil and sediment characteristics. Globally, the areal extent of wetland ecosystems ranges from 917 million hectares (m ha) to more than 1275 m ha. One of the first widely used wetland classifications systems, devised by Cowardin et al., 1979, categorized wetlands into marine (coastal wetlands), estuarine (including deltas, tidal marshes, and mangrove swamps), lacustrine (lakes), riverine (along rivers and streams), and palustrine ( marshes, swamps and bogs) based on their hydrological, ecological and geological characteristics. Ramsar Convention on Wetlands was an international treaty signed in 1971. Overall, 1052 sites in Europe; 289 sites in Asia; 359 sites in Africa; 175 sites in South America; 211 sites in North America; and 79 sites in Oceania region have been identified as Ramsar sites or wetlands of International importance.

As per the Ramsar Convention definition most of the natural water bodies (such as rivers, lakes, coastal lagoons, mangroves, peat land, coral reefs) and man- made wetlands (such as ponds, farm ponds, irrigated fields, sacred groves, salt pans, reservoirs, gravel pits, sewage farms and canals) in India constitute the wetland ecosystem distributed in different geographical regions ranging from Himalayas to Deccan plateau. As of February, 2022, India has 49 Ramsar sites covering an area of 10,93,636 hectares, the highest in South Asia. As per the estimates, India has about 757.06 thousand wetlands with a total wetland area of 15.3 m ha, accounting for nearly 4.7% of the total geographical area of the country . Out of this, areas under inland wetlands accounts for 69%, coastal wetlands 27%, and other wetlands (smaller than 2.25 ha) 4%. Gujarat has the highest proportion (17.5%) and Mizoram has the lowest proportion (0.66%) of the area under wetlands. Among Union Territories, Lakshadweep has the highest proportion (around 96%) and Chandigarh has the least proportion (3%) of geographical area under wetlands.

Question:

Which of the following questions cannot be answered after reading the above passage?

1. How many Ramsar sites are there in the world? 

2. What is the classification of wetlands? 

3. Why are wetlands important for human societies?

4. How much area is covered by wetlands In India? 

Comprehension:

Read the following passage and answer the questions given after it. Wetlands are amongst the most productive ecosystems on the Earth and provide many important services to human society. They exhibit enormous diversity according to their genesis, geographical location, water regime and chemistry, dominant species, and soil and sediment characteristics. Globally, the areal extent of wetland ecosystems ranges from 917 million hectares (m ha) to more than 1275 m ha. One of the first widely used wetland classifications systems, devised by Cowardin et al., 1979, categorized wetlands into marine (coastal wetlands), estuarine (including deltas, tidal marshes, and mangrove swamps), lacustrine (lakes), riverine (along rivers and streams), and palustrine ( marshes, swamps and bogs) based on their hydrological, ecological and geological characteristics. Ramsar Convention on Wetlands was an international treaty signed in 1971. Overall, 1052 sites in Europe; 289 sites in Asia; 359 sites in Africa; 175 sites in South America; 211 sites in North America; and 79 sites in Oceania region have been identified as Ramsar sites or wetlands of International importance.

As per the Ramsar Convention definition most of the natural water bodies (such as rivers, lakes, coastal lagoons, mangroves, peat land, coral reefs) and man- made wetlands (such as ponds, farm ponds, irrigated fields, sacred groves, salt pans, reservoirs, gravel pits, sewage farms and canals) in India constitute the wetland ecosystem distributed in different geographical regions ranging from Himalayas to Deccan plateau. As of February, 2022, India has 49 Ramsar sites covering an area of 10,93,636 hectares, the highest in South Asia. As per the estimates, India has about 757.06 thousand wetlands with a total wetland area of 15.3 m ha, accounting for nearly 4.7% of the total geographical area of the country . Out of this, areas under inland wetlands accounts for 69%, coastal wetlands 27%, and other wetlands (smaller than 2.25 ha) 4%. Gujarat has the highest proportion (17.5%) and Mizoram has the lowest proportion (0.66%) of the area under wetlands. Among Union Territories, Lakshadweep has the highest proportion (around 96%) and Chandigarh has the least proportion (3%) of geographical area under wetlands.

Question:

Match the continents with the number of Ramsar sites. continents no. of Ramsar sites

a. North America 1. 1052 sites

b. Europe 2. 211sites

c. Africa 3. 289 sites

d. Asia 4. 359 sites 

1. 1. a-2, b-1, c-4, d-3 

2. a-2, b- 3, c-4, d-1

3. a -4, b -1, c-2, d-3 

4. a-3, b-4, c-1, d -2

Comprehension:

Read the following passage and answer the questions given after it. Wetlands are amongst the most productive ecosystems on the Earth and provide many important services to human society. They exhibit enormous diversity according to their genesis, geographical location, water regime and chemistry, dominant species, and soil and sediment characteristics. Globally, the areal extent of wetland ecosystems ranges from 917 million hectares (m ha) to more than 1275 m ha. One of the first widely used wetland classifications systems, devised by Cowardin et al., 1979, categorized wetlands into marine (coastal wetlands), estuarine (including deltas, tidal marshes, and mangrove swamps), lacustrine (lakes), riverine (along rivers and streams), and palustrine ( marshes, swamps and bogs) based on their hydrological, ecological and geological characteristics. Ramsar Convention on Wetlands was an international treaty signed in 1971. Overall, 1052 sites in Europe; 289 sites in Asia; 359 sites in Africa; 175 sites in South America; 211 sites in North America; and 79 sites in Oceania region have been identified as Ramsar sites or wetlands of International importance.

As per the Ramsar Convention definition most of the natural water bodies (such as rivers, lakes, coastal lagoons, mangroves, peat land, coral reefs) and man- made wetlands (such as ponds, farm ponds, irrigated fields, sacred groves, salt pans, reservoirs, gravel pits, sewage farms and canals) in India constitute the wetland ecosystem distributed in different geographical regions ranging from Himalayas to Deccan plateau. As of February, 2022, India has 49 Ramsar sites covering an area of 10,93,636 hectares, the highest in South Asia. As per the estimates, India has about 757.06 thousand wetlands with a total wetland area of 15.3 m ha, accounting for nearly 4.7% of the total geographical area of the country . Out of this, areas under inland wetlands accounts for 69%, coastal wetlands 27%, and other wetlands (smaller than 2.25 ha) 4%. Gujarat has the highest proportion (17.5%) and Mizoram has the lowest proportion (0.66%) of the area under wetlands. Among Union Territories, Lakshadweep has the highest proportion (around 96%) and Chandigarh has the least proportion (3%) of geographical area under wetlands.

Question:

In India, what kind of wetlands occupy the largest area? 

1. coastal wetlands 

2. mangrove swamps 

3. inland wetlands 

4. small wetlands

Comprehension:

Read the following passage and answer the questions given after it. Wetlands are amongst the most productive ecosystems on the Earth and provide many important services to human society. They exhibit enormous diversity according to their genesis, geographical location, water regime and chemistry, dominant species, and soil and sediment characteristics. Globally, the areal extent of wetland ecosystems ranges from 917 million hectares (m ha) to more than 1275 m ha. One of the first widely used wetland classifications systems, devised by Cowardin et al., 1979, categorized wetlands into marine (coastal wetlands), estuarine (including deltas, tidal marshes, and mangrove swamps), lacustrine (lakes), riverine (along rivers and streams), and palustrine ( marshes, swamps and bogs) based on their hydrological, ecological and geological characteristics. Ramsar Convention on Wetlands was an international treaty signed in 1971. Overall, 1052 sites in Europe; 289 sites in Asia; 359 sites in Africa; 175 sites in South America; 211 sites in North America; and 79 sites in Oceania region have been identified as Ramsar sites or wetlands of International importance.

As per the Ramsar Convention definition most of the natural water bodies (such as rivers, lakes, coastal lagoons, mangroves, peat land, coral reefs) and man- made wetlands (such as ponds, farm ponds, irrigated fields, sacred groves, salt pans, reservoirs, gravel pits, sewage farms and canals) in India constitute the wetland ecosystem distributed in different geographical regions ranging from Himalayas to Deccan plateau. As of February, 2022, India has 49 Ramsar sites covering an area of 10,93,636 hectares, the highest in South Asia. As per the estimates, India has about 757.06 thousand wetlands with a total wetland area of 15.3 m ha, accounting for nearly 4.7% of the total geographical area of the country . Out of this, areas under inland wetlands accounts for 69%, coastal wetlands 27%, and other wetlands (smaller than 2.25 ha) 4%. Gujarat has the highest proportion (17.5%) and Mizoram has the lowest proportion (0.66%) of the area under wetlands. Among Union Territories, Lakshadweep has the highest proportion (around 96%) and Chandigarh has the least proportion (3%) of geographical area under wetlands.

Question:

Under which category of wetlands, are delta and mangrove swamps included?

1. marine

2. estuarine

3. lacustrine 

4. palustrine

The national census does NOT recognise ______ groups within India. 

1. tribal 

2. ethnic 

3. religious

4. scheduled caste

 Article 148 of the Constitution of India provides for an independent office of the ________. 

1. Attorney General of India

2. President of India 

3. Comptroller and Auditor General of India 

4. Advocate General of the State

Following statements are made regarding global warming.

A. Global warming is the long-term heating of Earth's surface observed since the preindustrial period due to human activities, primarily fossil fuel burning, which increases heat-trapping greenhouse gas levels in Earth's atmosphere.

B. Global warming causes climate change, which poses a serious threat to life on Earth in the forms of widespread flooding and extreme weather.

Which of these statements are correct?

1. Only B 

2. Only A 

3. Both A & B 

4. Both A & B are incorrect

Plants that do not have well-differentiated body design fall in this group. The plants in this group are commonly called algae. These plants are predominantly aquatic. 

1. Bryophyta 

2. Angiosperms 

3. Thallophyta 

4. Pteridophya

Which artificial element has been provisionally named seaborgium by American researchers in honour of Nobel Laureate Glenn T Seaborg?

1. Element 97

2. Element 106 

3. Element 90 

4. Element 103 

1. a-ii, b-i, c-iii, d-iv 

2. a-ii, b-i, c-iv, d-iii 

3. a-i, b-ii, c-iii, d-iv 

4. a-i, b-ii, c-iv, d-iii

Who explained the structure and reproductive system of algae in 1935? 

1. MOP Iyengar

2. FE Fritsch 

3. William Henry

4. Carolus Linnaeus

Which of the following is correct about uniform acceleration? 

1. An object moving on friction-less surface can gain uniform acceleration. 

2. An object under free fall is an example of uniform acceleration. 

3. An object moving with constant speed is an example of uniform acceleration. 

4. Motion of a spring is an example of uniform acceleration

The induced current is the highest when the direction of motion of the coil is: 

1. not at right angles to the magnetic field 

2. at right angles to the electricity 

3. right angles to the electric source 

4. at right angles to the magnetic field

Hydrogen resembles the properties of which two groups of the periodic table?

1. Group 2 and group 17 

2. Group 1 and group 3 

3. Group 1 and group 17 

4.  Group 2 and group 4

Which is a specialised excretory cell found in Platyhelminthes that acts like a kidney, removing waste material through filtration? 

1. Fat cell 

2. Flame cell 

3. Stem cell 

4. Sponge cell

Who among the following was the President of the Indian National Congress during the 1915 session? 

1. Satyendra Prasanna Sinha 

2. Ambica Charan Mazumdar 

3. Bhupendra Nath Bose 

4. Madan Mohan Malaviya

Which officer under Alauddin Khilji was required to maintain a register of merchants to ensure an adequate supply of goods? 

1. Nazir

2. Rais Parwana 

3. Muhtasib

4. Shahna-i-Mandi

Which of the following statements is/are true?

(A) COP28 is proposed to be held in New Delhi, India.

(B) The first UN Climate Change Conference was held in 1995.

(C) The first UN Climate Change Conference was held in Paris, France. 

1. Only A

2. A and B 

3. B and C 

4. Only B

 How many types of writs can be issued under Article 32 and 226 of the Constitution of India? 

1. Four

2. Six 

3. Five 

4. Seven

In India, who among the following is responsible for auditing all receipts and expenditure of the Union and State governments? 

1. Attorney General for India 

2. Advocate General 

3. Union Public Service Commission 

4. Comptroller and Auditor- General  

Which of the following launched NEAT 3.0 to provide best developed ed-tech solutions, in January 2022? 

1. Ministry of Law and Justice 

2. Ministry of Electronics and Information Technology 

3. Ministry of Social Justice and Empowerment 

4. Ministry of Education

Name the hot, dry oppressing winds that blow in between Delhi and Patna. 

1. Nor westers

2. Mango shower 

3. Blossom shower 

4. Loo

In India, according to the Insolvency and Bankruptcy Code, 2016, the process of insolvency resolution for companies should be completed in how many days?

1. 180 

2. 150

3. 170

4. 120

1. A-I, B-IV, C-III, D-II 

2. A-II, B-III, C-IV, D-I 

3. A-IV, B-I, C-III, D-II 

4. A-IV, B-III, C-I, D-II

Pushyamitra, who was the commander of Brihadratha, the last Mauryan emperor, killed the king and established a new dynasty. Which of the following was his dynasty? 

1. Shunga

2. Kanva 

3. Satavahana

4. Chedi

The Reserve Bank of India introduced a comprehensive regulatory framework for NBFC-MFI on __________. 

1. 10 December 2015 

2. 2 December 2011 

3. 8 December 2013

4. 5 December 2012

1. A-I, B-II, C-III, D-IV 

2. A-I, B-II, C-IV, D-III

3. A-IV, B-III, C-I, D-II 

4. A-IV, B-III, C-II, D-I

1. 1

2. 2

3. 3

4. 4

Which of the following statements is/are correct regarding the Multi-State Co-operative Societies (Amendment) Bill, 2022?

A. The Lok Sabha referred this Bill to the joint committee of parliament comprising 21 members from the Lower House and 10 from the Upper House.

B. This Bill also proposed to establish a ‘Cooperative Election Authority’ to bring electoral reforms.

C. The Bill also has a Section — 63A that relates to ‘establishment of the Cooperative Rehabilitation, Reconstruction and Development Fund’ for revival of ‘sick multi-state cooperative societies’.

1.  A and B only 

2. B and C only

3.  A, B and C 

4. A and C only

In August 2021, the Ministry of Labour and Employment launched the ________ portal for creating a National Database of Unorganized Workers (UWs). 

1.  eUmang 

2. eRozgaar

3. eGyan 

4. eShram

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