We’ll be back soon!

Comprehension:

In the following passage, some words have been deleted. Read the passage carefully and select the most appropriate option to fill in each blank.

The child is the father of man. Childhood is a (1)______ of what one is going to be when one (2)______ maturity. The natural instincts of a man are (3)______ in his childhood. Time modifies them but cannot (4)______ them. History contains numerous examples of great men who gave (5)______ of their future when they were children. A child’s mind is (6)______ and flexible. The mould he receives before his clay (7)______ becomes his permanent mark. The values and standards of (8)______ which will determine his life as a man (9)______ in childhood itself. There may be certain (10)______ of course. A bright morning may end in a storm! 

Question:

Select the most appropriate option to fill in blank no.1. 

1. promise

2. bond

3. contract 

4. plight

Comprehension:

In the following passage, some words have been deleted. Read the passage carefully and select the most appropriate option to fill in each blank.

The child is the father of man. Childhood is a (1)______ of what one is going to be when one (2)______ maturity. The natural instincts of a man are (3)______ in his childhood. Time modifies them but cannot (4)______ them. History contains numerous examples of great men who gave (5)______ of their future when they were children. A child’s mind is (6)______ and flexible. The mould he receives before his clay (7)______ becomes his permanent mark. The values and standards of (8)______ which will determine his life as a man (9)______ in childhood itself. There may be certain (10)______ of course. A bright morning may end in a storm! 

Question:

Select the most appropriate option to fill in blank no.2. 

1. scores 

2. secures 

3. completes 

4. attains

Comprehension:

In the following passage, some words have been deleted. Read the passage carefully and select the most appropriate option to fill in each blank.

The child is the father of man. Childhood is a (1)______ of what one is going to be when one (2)______ maturity. The natural instincts of a man are (3)______ in his childhood. Time modifies them but cannot (4)______ them. History contains numerous examples of great men who gave (5)______ of their future when they were children. A child’s mind is (6)______ and flexible. The mould he receives before his clay (7)______ becomes his permanent mark. The values and standards of (8)______ which will determine his life as a man (9)______ in childhood itself. There may be certain (10)______ of course. A bright morning may end in a storm! 

Question:

Select the most appropriate option to fill in blank no.3.

1. contributed 

2. disposed 

3. determined 

4. distributed

Comprehension:

In the following passage, some words have been deleted. Read the passage carefully and select the most appropriate option to fill in each blank.

The child is the father of man. Childhood is a (1)______ of what one is going to be when one (2)______ maturity. The natural instincts of a man are (3)______ in his childhood. Time modifies them but cannot (4)______ them. History contains numerous examples of great men who gave (5)______ of their future when they were children. A child’s mind is (6)______ and flexible. The mould he receives before his clay (7)______ becomes his permanent mark. The values and standards of (8)______ which will determine his life as a man (9)______ in childhood itself. There may be certain (10)______ of course. A bright morning may end in a storm! 

Question:

Select the most appropriate option to fill in blank no.

1. delete 

2. efface 

3. cancel 

4. finish

Comprehension:

In the following passage, some words have been deleted. Read the passage carefully and select the most appropriate option to fill in each blank.

The child is the father of man. Childhood is a (1)______ of what one is going to be when one (2)______ maturity. The natural instincts of a man are (3)______ in his childhood. Time modifies them but cannot (4)______ them. History contains numerous examples of great men who gave (5)______ of their future when they were children. A child’s mind is (6)______ and flexible. The mould he receives before his clay (7)______ becomes his permanent mark. The values and standards of (8)______ which will determine his life as a man (9)______ in childhood itself. There may be certain (10)______ of course. A bright morning may end in a storm! 

Question:

Select the most appropriate option to fill in blank no.5

1. suggestions

2. indications

3. preparations 

4. estimations

Comprehension:

In the following passage, some words have been deleted. Read the passage carefully and select the most appropriate option to fill in each blank.

The child is the father of man. Childhood is a (1)______ of what one is going to be when one (2)______ maturity. The natural instincts of a man are (3)______ in his childhood. Time modifies them but cannot (4)______ them. History contains numerous examples of great men who gave (5)______ of their future when they were children. A child’s mind is (6)______ and flexible. The mould he receives before his clay (7)______ becomes his permanent mark. The values and standards of (8)______ which will determine his life as a man (9)______ in childhood itself. There may be certain (10)______ of course. A bright morning may end in a storm! 

Question:

Select the most appropriate option to fill in blank no.6.

1. impressionable 

2. rigid 

3. sensible 

4. obstinate

Comprehension:

In the following passage, some words have been deleted. Read the passage carefully and select the most appropriate option to fill in each blank.

The child is the father of man. Childhood is a (1)______ of what one is going to be when one (2)______ maturity. The natural instincts of a man are (3)______ in his childhood. Time modifies them but cannot (4)______ them. History contains numerous examples of great men who gave (5)______ of their future when they were children. A child’s mind is (6)______ and flexible. The mould he receives before his clay (7)______ becomes his permanent mark. The values and standards of (8)______ which will determine his life as a man (9)______ in childhood itself. There may be certain (10)______ of course. A bright morning may end in a storm! 

Question:

Select the most appropriate option to fill in blank no.7. 

1. contracts 

2. precipitates

3. refines

4. hardens

Comprehension:

In the following passage, some words have been deleted. Read the passage carefully and select the most appropriate option to fill in each blank.

The child is the father of man. Childhood is a (1)______ of what one is going to be when one (2)______ maturity. The natural instincts of a man are (3)______ in his childhood. Time modifies them but cannot (4)______ them. History contains numerous examples of great men who gave (5)______ of their future when they were children. A child’s mind is (6)______ and flexible. The mould he receives before his clay (7)______ becomes his permanent mark. The values and standards of (8)______ which will determine his life as a man (9)______ in childhood itself. There may be certain (10)______ of course. A bright morning may end in a storm! 

Question:

Select the most appropriate option to fill in blank no.8. 

1. tactics 

2. conduct

3. attitude 

4. manipulation

Comprehension:

In the following passage, some words have been deleted. Read the passage carefully and select the most appropriate option to fill in each blank.

The child is the father of man. Childhood is a (1)______ of what one is going to be when one (2)______ maturity. The natural instincts of a man are (3)______ in his childhood. Time modifies them but cannot (4)______ them. History contains numerous examples of great men who gave (5)______ of their future when they were children. A child’s mind is (6)______ and flexible. The mould he receives before his clay (7)______ becomes his permanent mark. The values and standards of (8)______ which will determine his life as a man (9)______ in childhood itself. There may be certain (10)______ of course. A bright morning may end in a storm! 

Question:

Select the most appropriate option to fill in blank no.9. 

1.  is developing 

2. has developed 

3. are developed 

4. develops

Comprehension:

In the following passage, some words have been deleted. Read the passage carefully and select the most appropriate option to fill in each blank.

The child is the father of man. Childhood is a (1)______ of what one is going to be when one (2)______ maturity. The natural instincts of a man are (3)______ in his childhood. Time modifies them but cannot (4)______ them. History contains numerous examples of great men who gave (5)______ of their future when they were children. A child’s mind is (6)______ and flexible. The mould he receives before his clay (7)______ becomes his permanent mark. The values and standards of (8)______ which will determine his life as a man (9)______ in childhood itself. There may be certain (10)______ of course. A bright morning may end in a storm! 

Question:

Select the most appropriate option to fill in blank no.10. 

1. concessions 

2. exemptions

3. exceptions 

4. rejections

Comprehension:

In the following passage, some words have been deleted. Read the passage carefully and select the most appropriate option to fill in each blank.

In ancient times, Hieun Tsang, a Chinese traveller came to India during the (1)______ of King Harsha. He praised the Indians (2)______ ‘people with pure moral principles’. In 2014, India (3)______ 85th in the corruption perception index of the Transparency International. What (4)______ downfall! Isn’t it ironical that we Indians (5)______ by the ideals of honesty and integrity, self-denial and (6)______ but in practice willingly resort to the (7) ______ forms of corruption to promote our interests? The (8)______ of corruption is eating into the (9) ______ of our society and we have become helpless (10)______ of our own degradation. 

Question:

Select the most appropriate option to fill in blank no.1. 

1. vigour

2. authority 

3. command 

4. reign

Comprehension:

In the following passage, some words have been deleted. Read the passage carefully and select the most appropriate option to fill in each blank.

In ancient times, Hieun Tsang, a Chinese traveller came to India during the (1)______ of King Harsha. He praised the Indians (2)______ ‘people with pure moral principles’. In 2014, India (3)______ 85th in the corruption perception index of the Transparency International. What (4)______ downfall! Isn’t it ironical that we Indians (5)______ by the ideals of honesty and integrity, self-denial and (6)______ but in practice willingly resort to the (7) ______ forms of corruption to promote our interests? The (8)______ of corruption is eating into the (9) ______ of our society and we have become helpless (10)______ of our own degradation. 

Question:

Select the most appropriate option to fill in blank no.2. 

1. by 

2. like 

3. such 

4. as 

Comprehension:

In the following passage, some words have been deleted. Read the passage carefully and select the most appropriate option to fill in each blank.

In ancient times, Hieun Tsang, a Chinese traveller came to India during the (1)______ of King Harsha. He praised the Indians (2)______ ‘people with pure moral principles’. In 2014, India (3)______ 85th in the corruption perception index of the Transparency International. What (4)______ downfall! Isn’t it ironical that we Indians (5)______ by the ideals of honesty and integrity, self-denial and (6)______ but in practice willingly resort to the (7) ______ forms of corruption to promote our interests? The (8)______ of corruption is eating into the (9) ______ of our society and we have become helpless (10)______ of our own degradation. 

Question:

Select the most appropriate option to fill in blank no.3. 

1. ranked

2. graded 

3. stacked

4. piled

Comprehension:

In the following passage, some words have been deleted. Read the passage carefully and select the most appropriate option to fill in each blank.

In ancient times, Hieun Tsang, a Chinese traveller came to India during the (1)______ of King Harsha. He praised the Indians (2)______ ‘people with pure moral principles’. In 2014, India (3)______ 85th in the corruption perception index of the Transparency International. What (4)______ downfall! Isn’t it ironical that we Indians (5)______ by the ideals of honesty and integrity, self-denial and (6)______ but in practice willingly resort to the (7) ______ forms of corruption to promote our interests? The (8)______ of corruption is eating into the (9) ______ of our society and we have become helpless (10)______ of our own degradation. 

Question:

Select the most appropriate option to fill in blank no.4. 

1. the

2. any 

3. some

4. a

Comprehension:

In the following passage, some words have been deleted. Read the passage carefully and select the most appropriate option to fill in each blank.

In ancient times, Hieun Tsang, a Chinese traveller came to India during the (1)______ of King Harsha. He praised the Indians (2)______ ‘people with pure moral principles’. In 2014, India (3)______ 85th in the corruption perception index of the Transparency International. What (4)______ downfall! Isn’t it ironical that we Indians (5)______ by the ideals of honesty and integrity, self-denial and (6)______ but in practice willingly resort to the (7) ______ forms of corruption to promote our interests? The (8)______ of corruption is eating into the (9) ______ of our society and we have become helpless (10)______ of our own degradation. 

Question:

Select the most appropriate option to fill in blank no.5. 

1. declare 

2. assert 

3. swear

4. affirm

Comprehension:

In the following passage, some words have been deleted. Read the passage carefully and select the most appropriate option to fill in each blank.

In ancient times, Hieun Tsang, a Chinese traveller came to India during the (1)______ of King Harsha. He praised the Indians (2)______ ‘people with pure moral principles’. In 2014, India (3)______ 85th in the corruption perception index of the Transparency International. What (4)______ downfall! Isn’t it ironical that we Indians (5)______ by the ideals of honesty and integrity, self-denial and (6)______ but in practice willingly resort to the (7) ______ forms of corruption to promote our interests? The (8)______ of corruption is eating into the (9) ______ of our society and we have become helpless (10)______ of our own degradation. 

Question:

Select the most appropriate option to fill in blank no.6. 

1. prejudice 

2. omission 

3. erosion

4. sacrifice 

Comprehension:

In the following passage, some words have been deleted. Read the passage carefully and select the most appropriate option to fill in each blank.

In ancient times, Hieun Tsang, a Chinese traveller came to India during the (1)______ of King Harsha. He praised the Indians (2)______ ‘people with pure moral principles’. In 2014, India (3)______ 85th in the corruption perception index of the Transparency International. What (4)______ downfall! Isn’t it ironical that we Indians (5)______ by the ideals of honesty and integrity, self-denial and (6)______ but in practice willingly resort to the (7) ______ forms of corruption to promote our interests? The (8)______ of corruption is eating into the (9) ______ of our society and we have become helpless (10)______ of our own degradation. 

Question:

Select the most appropriate option to fill in blank no.7.

1. vilest 

2. vile 

3. viler

4. more vile

Comprehension:

In the following passage, some words have been deleted. Read the passage carefully and select the most appropriate option to fill in each blank.

In ancient times, Hieun Tsang, a Chinese traveller came to India during the (1)______ of King Harsha. He praised the Indians (2)______ ‘people with pure moral principles’. In 2014, India (3)______ 85th in the corruption perception index of the Transparency International. What (4)______ downfall! Isn’t it ironical that we Indians (5)______ by the ideals of honesty and integrity, self-denial and (6)______ but in practice willingly resort to the (7) ______ forms of corruption to promote our interests? The (8)______ of corruption is eating into the (9) ______ of our society and we have become helpless (10)______ of our own degradation. 

Question:

Select the most appropriate option to fill in blank no.8. 

1. malaise 

2. despair

3. deficiency 

4. melancholy

Comprehension:

In the following passage, some words have been deleted. Read the passage carefully and select the most appropriate option to fill in each blank.

In ancient times, Hieun Tsang, a Chinese traveller came to India during the (1)______ of King Harsha. He praised the Indians (2)______ ‘people with pure moral principles’. In 2014, India (3)______ 85th in the corruption perception index of the Transparency International. What (4)______ downfall! Isn’t it ironical that we Indians (5)______ by the ideals of honesty and integrity, self-denial and (6)______ but in practice willingly resort to the (7) ______ forms of corruption to promote our interests? The (8)______ of corruption is eating into the (9) ______ of our society and we have become helpless (10)______ of our own degradation. 

Question:

Select the most appropriate option to fill in blank no.9. 

1. vitals 

2. threats 

3. imperative

4. necessity

Comprehension:

In the following passage, some words have been deleted. Read the passage carefully and select the most appropriate option to fill in each blank.

In ancient times, Hieun Tsang, a Chinese traveller came to India during the (1)______ of King Harsha. He praised the Indians (2)______ ‘people with pure moral principles’. In 2014, India (3)______ 85th in the corruption perception index of the Transparency International. What (4)______ downfall! Isn’t it ironical that we Indians (5)______ by the ideals of honesty and integrity, self-denial and (6)______ but in practice willingly resort to the (7) ______ forms of corruption to promote our interests? The (8)______ of corruption is eating into the (9) ______ of our society and we have become helpless (10)______ of our own degradation. 

Question:

Select the most appropriate option to fill in blank no.10. 

1. performers 

2. sorcerers 

3. onlookers 

4. visionaries

Read the given passage and answer the questions that follow.

A piano teacher described an interesting encounter she had had with a young lady who came to inquire about music lessons. The young lady asked her, “How long will this course take? My father tells me that it is in fashion now to be able to play musical instruments and that I should learn one quickly. I want something that will be quick, fast and easy like, like….” When the amused teacher explained that it would take a lifetime of meticulous practice to learn music, her face fell and, needless to say, she never came back. The single most important factor that distinguishes those of us who succeed in any venture and those of us who don’t is this ‘instant coffee’ attitude. Most of us want results quickly. We want to reach the top immediately and get worked up when things go wrong. Perseverance and patience are forgotten words. We get upset, frustrated, and angry when a skill or activity requires us to put in a lot of effort and time. We get dejected and want to give it up. But such thinking serves no good. For, it doesn’t solve the problem. Life is tough for those with an ‘instant coffee’ attitude.

Success, real success and happiness come to those who have a ‘bread-making’ attitudethose who are willing to knead the dough, wait for hours for it to rise, only to punch it down and knead some more, wait for another couple of hours for it to rise again, and then bake it before it is ready to be eaten. Nothing is instantaneous. For every endeavour – whether in the area of career, academics, music, sports, relationships, physical fitness or even in spirituality – it is a long, arduous journey. Only if we are willing to put in the time, painstaking effort and have faith, can we get results. If we don’t accept this difficult-but-true fact of life, our lives will be far from being happy and fulfilling. For we may not make that extra effort which can change the course of life dramatically, for the good.

The major problems with these ‘instant coffee’ solutions are that they are invariably shortlived. If we stubbornly refuse to give up this search for quick solutions, all we do is end up on the wrong track. 

Question:

When an activity requires too much effort we feel: 

1. fulfilled 

2. frustrated 

3. inspired 

4. happy

Read the given passage and answer the questions that follow.

A piano teacher described an interesting encounter she had had with a young lady who came to inquire about music lessons. The young lady asked her, “How long will this course take? My father tells me that it is in fashion now to be able to play musical instruments and that I should learn one quickly. I want something that will be quick, fast and easy like, like….” When the amused teacher explained that it would take a lifetime of meticulous practice to learn music, her face fell and, needless to say, she never came back. The single most important factor that distinguishes those of us who succeed in any venture and those of us who don’t is this ‘instant coffee’ attitude. Most of us want results quickly. We want to reach the top immediately and get worked up when things go wrong. Perseverance and patience are forgotten words. We get upset, frustrated, and angry when a skill or activity requires us to put in a lot of effort and time. We get dejected and want to give it up. But such thinking serves no good. For, it doesn’t solve the problem. Life is tough for those with an ‘instant coffee’ attitude.

Success, real success and happiness come to those who have a ‘bread-making’ attitudethose who are willing to knead the dough, wait for hours for it to rise, only to punch it down and knead some more, wait for another couple of hours for it to rise again, and then bake it before it is ready to be eaten. Nothing is instantaneous. For every endeavour – whether in the area of career, academics, music, sports, relationships, physical fitness or even in spirituality – it is a long, arduous journey. Only if we are willing to put in the time, painstaking effort and have faith, can we get results. If we don’t accept this difficult-but-true fact of life, our lives will be far from being happy and fulfilling. For we may not make that extra effort which can change the course of life dramatically, for the good.

The major problems with these ‘instant coffee’ solutions are that they are invariably shortlived. If we stubbornly refuse to give up this search for quick solutions, all we do is end up on the wrong track. 

Question:

What kind of attitude does the writer advocate for a life of fulfilment?

1. One of instant gratification 

2. One of perseverance and patience 

3. One of anger and dejection 

4. One of stubbornness and refusal

Read the given passage and answer the questions that follow.

A piano teacher described an interesting encounter she had had with a young lady who came to inquire about music lessons. The young lady asked her, “How long will this course take? My father tells me that it is in fashion now to be able to play musical instruments and that I should learn one quickly. I want something that will be quick, fast and easy like, like….” When the amused teacher explained that it would take a lifetime of meticulous practice to learn music, her face fell and, needless to say, she never came back. The single most important factor that distinguishes those of us who succeed in any venture and those of us who don’t is this ‘instant coffee’ attitude. Most of us want results quickly. We want to reach the top immediately and get worked up when things go wrong. Perseverance and patience are forgotten words. We get upset, frustrated, and angry when a skill or activity requires us to put in a lot of effort and time. We get dejected and want to give it up. But such thinking serves no good. For, it doesn’t solve the problem. Life is tough for those with an ‘instant coffee’ attitude.

Success, real success and happiness come to those who have a ‘bread-making’ attitudethose who are willing to knead the dough, wait for hours for it to rise, only to punch it down and knead some more, wait for another couple of hours for it to rise again, and then bake it before it is ready to be eaten. Nothing is instantaneous. For every endeavour – whether in the area of career, academics, music, sports, relationships, physical fitness or even in spirituality – it is a long, arduous journey. Only if we are willing to put in the time, painstaking effort and have faith, can we get results. If we don’t accept this difficult-but-true fact of life, our lives will be far from being happy and fulfilling. For we may not make that extra effort which can change the course of life dramatically, for the good.

The major problems with these ‘instant coffee’ solutions are that they are invariably shortlived. If we stubbornly refuse to give up this search for quick solutions, all we do is end up on the wrong track. 

Question:

Why did the young lady approach the piano teacher for music lessons?

1. It was considered fashionable to be able to play musical instruments. 

2. The piano teacher was highly accomplished. 

3. She was a music lover and was keen to take lessons. 

4. She was willing to practise hard to become a successful piano player.

Read the given passage and answer the questions that follow.

A piano teacher described an interesting encounter she had had with a young lady who came to inquire about music lessons. The young lady asked her, “How long will this course take? My father tells me that it is in fashion now to be able to play musical instruments and that I should learn one quickly. I want something that will be quick, fast and easy like, like….” When the amused teacher explained that it would take a lifetime of meticulous practice to learn music, her face fell and, needless to say, she never came back. The single most important factor that distinguishes those of us who succeed in any venture and those of us who don’t is this ‘instant coffee’ attitude. Most of us want results quickly. We want to reach the top immediately and get worked up when things go wrong. Perseverance and patience are forgotten words. We get upset, frustrated, and angry when a skill or activity requires us to put in a lot of effort and time. We get dejected and want to give it up. But such thinking serves no good. For, it doesn’t solve the problem. Life is tough for those with an ‘instant coffee’ attitude.

Success, real success and happiness come to those who have a ‘bread-making’ attitudethose who are willing to knead the dough, wait for hours for it to rise, only to punch it down and knead some more, wait for another couple of hours for it to rise again, and then bake it before it is ready to be eaten. Nothing is instantaneous. For every endeavour – whether in the area of career, academics, music, sports, relationships, physical fitness or even in spirituality – it is a long, arduous journey. Only if we are willing to put in the time, painstaking effort and have faith, can we get results. If we don’t accept this difficult-but-true fact of life, our lives will be far from being happy and fulfilling. For we may not make that extra effort which can change the course of life dramatically, for the good.

The major problems with these ‘instant coffee’ solutions are that they are invariably shortlived. If we stubbornly refuse to give up this search for quick solutions, all we do is end up on the wrong track. 

Question:

What does ‘bread making’ attitude consist of? 

1. Talent and skill

2. Futile labour

3. Painstaking efforts 

4. Instantaneous results

Read the given passage and answer the questions that follow.

A piano teacher described an interesting encounter she had had with a young lady who came to inquire about music lessons. The young lady asked her, “How long will this course take? My father tells me that it is in fashion now to be able to play musical instruments and that I should learn one quickly. I want something that will be quick, fast and easy like, like….” When the amused teacher explained that it would take a lifetime of meticulous practice to learn music, her face fell and, needless to say, she never came back. The single most important factor that distinguishes those of us who succeed in any venture and those of us who don’t is this ‘instant coffee’ attitude. Most of us want results quickly. We want to reach the top immediately and get worked up when things go wrong. Perseverance and patience are forgotten words. We get upset, frustrated, and angry when a skill or activity requires us to put in a lot of effort and time. We get dejected and want to give it up. But such thinking serves no good. For, it doesn’t solve the problem. Life is tough for those with an ‘instant coffee’ attitude.

Success, real success and happiness come to those who have a ‘bread-making’ attitudethose who are willing to knead the dough, wait for hours for it to rise, only to punch it down and knead some more, wait for another couple of hours for it to rise again, and then bake it before it is ready to be eaten. Nothing is instantaneous. For every endeavour – whether in the area of career, academics, music, sports, relationships, physical fitness or even in spirituality – it is a long, arduous journey. Only if we are willing to put in the time, painstaking effort and have faith, can we get results. If we don’t accept this difficult-but-true fact of life, our lives will be far from being happy and fulfilling. For we may not make that extra effort which can change the course of life dramatically, for the good.

The major problems with these ‘instant coffee’ solutions are that they are invariably shortlived. If we stubbornly refuse to give up this search for quick solutions, all we do is end up on the wrong track. 

Question:

What do you understand by the term ‘instant coffee attitude’? 

1. Expecting quick results 

2. Short-lived pleasure 

3. Passion to learn something 

4. Keeping up with the latest trends

Comprehension:

In the following passage, some words have been deleted. Read the passage carefully and select the most appropriate option to fill in each blank. Nature has been suffering mutely for hundreds of years but the problem did not (1)______ serious proportions so long as the damage was (2)______ and not beyond self-repair. These limits were crossed with (3)______ technological breakthroughs accomplished during the recent years. The developed nations (4)______ benefitted most from these were the first to (5)______ the environmental diseases bred by advanced technology. 

Question:

Select the most appropriate option to fill in blank no.1. 

1. assume 

2. grasp

3. receive 

4. become

Comprehension:

In the following passage, some words have been deleted. Read the passage carefully and select the most appropriate option to fill in each blank. Nature has been suffering mutely for hundreds of years but the problem did not (1)______ serious proportions so long as the damage was (2)______ and not beyond self-repair. These limits were crossed with (3)______ technological breakthroughs accomplished during the recent years. The developed nations (4)______ benefitted most from these were the first to (5)______ the environmental diseases bred by advanced technology. 

Question:

Select the most appropriate option to fill in blank no.2.

1. attainable

2. countable 

3. credible

4. containable 

Comprehension:

In the following passage, some words have been deleted. Read the passage carefully and select the most appropriate option to fill in each blank. Nature has been suffering mutely for hundreds of years but the problem did not (1)______ serious proportions so long as the damage was (2)______ and not beyond self-repair. These limits were crossed with (3)______ technological breakthroughs accomplished during the recent years. The developed nations (4)______ benefitted most from these were the first to (5)______ the environmental diseases bred by advanced technology. 

Question:

Select the most appropriate option to fill in blank no.3.

1. commonplace 

2. spectacular 

3. paltry 

4. habitual 

Comprehension:

In the following passage, some words have been deleted. Read the passage carefully and select the most appropriate option to fill in each blank. Nature has been suffering mutely for hundreds of years but the problem did not (1)______ serious proportions so long as the damage was (2)______ and not beyond self-repair. These limits were crossed with (3)______ technological breakthroughs accomplished during the recent years. The developed nations (4)______ benefitted most from these were the first to (5)______ the environmental diseases bred by advanced technology. 

Question:

Select the most appropriate option to fill in blank no.4. 

1. who 

2. whose 

3. which 

4. whom

Comprehension:

In the following passage, some words have been deleted. Read the passage carefully and select the most appropriate option to fill in each blank. Nature has been suffering mutely for hundreds of years but the problem did not (1)______ serious proportions so long as the damage was (2)______ and not beyond self-repair. These limits were crossed with (3)______ technological breakthroughs accomplished during the recent years. The developed nations (4)______ benefitted most from these were the first to (5)______ the environmental diseases bred by advanced technology. 

Question:

Select the most appropriate option to fill in blank no.5. 

1. undergo

2. encounter 

3. interact 

4. derive

Comprehension:

Read the given passage and answer the questions that follow.

Although pollution of land, sea, and air has been well documented, the latest and the least recognised version is the swelling tide of noise which is engulfing urban as well as rural areas. This has long-term implications on the ecology, health and productivity of a fast developing country like India. Unlike other pollutants, noise lacks visibility, seldom registering on the consciousness, except as a trifling irritant to be dismissed at will and therefore less likely to be perceived as a threat. Available data indicates that noise does pose a threat to health and is known to have caused a number of complications. Declining productivity among workers in certain industries has been directly correlated with noise levels, particularly those under constant exposure to the menace. 

The first-ever survey of the impact of noise on health, conducted by All India Institute of Medical Sciences (AIIMS), has established that noise not only impairs the physical and psychological functioning of the human organism but also causes nausea, vomiting, pain, hypertension and a lot of other complications, including cardio-vascular complaints. A study by Post Graduate School of Basic Medical Sciences, Chennai, confirms such conclusions. In 50 per cent of industries, it was found that workmen exposed to higher intensities of noise in occupational capacities were often irritated, short-tempered, and impatient and more likely to resort to agitation and disrupt production. This was true of units in heavy industrial pockets in and around the four metropolitan centres. 

Recreational noise, another ugly facet, is becoming more widespread in cities and towns. Loudspeakers are turned at full volume during marriages, festivals, jagrans, musical programmes, particularly at night, without the least consideration for others. Even at 50 dB, sound can awaken a person from a deep slumber. As experiments have shown, loudspeakers with output from 60 to 80 dB cause the pupils of a slumbering person to dilate, with increasing intake of oxygen, resulting in palpitation. The effect is more pronounced in narrow lanes. TV sets are played at full volume at prime time, invariably disturbing neighbours. Noise making seems to have become the latest status symbol, be it an election campaign or slogan shouting or advertising ownership of a TV set

Question:

Which of the following statements is FALSE?

1. There is a direct correlation between productivity of workers and noise. 

2. Noise pollution is not visible to the eyes. 

3. Loudspeakers with low decibel sound can cause palpitations. 

4. Several studies have been conducted on air, water and land pollution.

Comprehension:

Read the given passage and answer the questions that follow.

Although pollution of land, sea, and air has been well documented, the latest and the least recognised version is the swelling tide of noise which is engulfing urban as well as rural areas. This has long-term implications on the ecology, health and productivity of a fast developing country like India. Unlike other pollutants, noise lacks visibility, seldom registering on the consciousness, except as a trifling irritant to be dismissed at will and therefore less likely to be perceived as a threat. Available data indicates that noise does pose a threat to health and is known to have caused a number of complications. Declining productivity among workers in certain industries has been directly correlated with noise levels, particularly those under constant exposure to the menace. 

The first-ever survey of the impact of noise on health, conducted by All India Institute of Medical Sciences (AIIMS), has established that noise not only impairs the physical and psychological functioning of the human organism but also causes nausea, vomiting, pain, hypertension and a lot of other complications, including cardio-vascular complaints. A study by Post Graduate School of Basic Medical Sciences, Chennai, confirms such conclusions. In 50 per cent of industries, it was found that workmen exposed to higher intensities of noise in occupational capacities were often irritated, short-tempered, and impatient and more likely to resort to agitation and disrupt production. This was true of units in heavy industrial pockets in and around the four metropolitan centres. 

Recreational noise, another ugly facet, is becoming more widespread in cities and towns. Loudspeakers are turned at full volume during marriages, festivals, jagrans, musical programmes, particularly at night, without the least consideration for others. Even at 50 dB, sound can awaken a person from a deep slumber. As experiments have shown, loudspeakers with output from 60 to 80 dB cause the pupils of a slumbering person to dilate, with increasing intake of oxygen, resulting in palpitation. The effect is more pronounced in narrow lanes. TV sets are played at full volume at prime time, invariably disturbing neighbours. Noise making seems to have become the latest status symbol, be it an election campaign or slogan shouting or advertising ownership of a TV set

Question:

Recreational noise is created during: 

1. discord between agitated workers 

2. shouting of slogans 

3. weddings and festivals 

4. running of heavy machinery

Comprehension:

Read the given passage and answer the questions that follow.

Although pollution of land, sea, and air has been well documented, the latest and the least recognised version is the swelling tide of noise which is engulfing urban as well as rural areas. This has long-term implications on the ecology, health and productivity of a fast developing country like India. Unlike other pollutants, noise lacks visibility, seldom registering on the consciousness, except as a trifling irritant to be dismissed at will and therefore less likely to be perceived as a threat. Available data indicates that noise does pose a threat to health and is known to have caused a number of complications. Declining productivity among workers in certain industries has been directly correlated with noise levels, particularly those under constant exposure to the menace. 

The first-ever survey of the impact of noise on health, conducted by All India Institute of Medical Sciences (AIIMS), has established that noise not only impairs the physical and psychological functioning of the human organism but also causes nausea, vomiting, pain, hypertension and a lot of other complications, including cardio-vascular complaints. A study by Post Graduate School of Basic Medical Sciences, Chennai, confirms such conclusions. In 50 per cent of industries, it was found that workmen exposed to higher intensities of noise in occupational capacities were often irritated, short-tempered, and impatient and more likely to resort to agitation and disrupt production. This was true of units in heavy industrial pockets in and around the four metropolitan centres. 

Recreational noise, another ugly facet, is becoming more widespread in cities and towns. Loudspeakers are turned at full volume during marriages, festivals, jagrans, musical programmes, particularly at night, without the least consideration for others. Even at 50 dB, sound can awaken a person from a deep slumber. As experiments have shown, loudspeakers with output from 60 to 80 dB cause the pupils of a slumbering person to dilate, with increasing intake of oxygen, resulting in palpitation. The effect is more pronounced in narrow lanes. TV sets are played at full volume at prime time, invariably disturbing neighbours. Noise making seems to have become the latest status symbol, be it an election campaign or slogan shouting or advertising ownership of a TV set

Question:

 In what way does noise become a status symbol? 

1. Showing off the loud volume of one’s TV

2. Exposing workmen to high intensity sounds 

3. Awakening people from deep sleep 

4. Conducting late night musical shows

Comprehension:

Read the given passage and answer the questions that follow.

Although pollution of land, sea, and air has been well documented, the latest and the least recognised version is the swelling tide of noise which is engulfing urban as well as rural areas. This has long-term implications on the ecology, health and productivity of a fast developing country like India. Unlike other pollutants, noise lacks visibility, seldom registering on the consciousness, except as a trifling irritant to be dismissed at will and therefore less likely to be perceived as a threat. Available data indicates that noise does pose a threat to health and is known to have caused a number of complications. Declining productivity among workers in certain industries has been directly correlated with noise levels, particularly those under constant exposure to the menace. 

The first-ever survey of the impact of noise on health, conducted by All India Institute of Medical Sciences (AIIMS), has established that noise not only impairs the physical and psychological functioning of the human organism but also causes nausea, vomiting, pain, hypertension and a lot of other complications, including cardio-vascular complaints. A study by Post Graduate School of Basic Medical Sciences, Chennai, confirms such conclusions. In 50 per cent of industries, it was found that workmen exposed to higher intensities of noise in occupational capacities were often irritated, short-tempered, and impatient and more likely to resort to agitation and disrupt production. This was true of units in heavy industrial pockets in and around the four metropolitan centres. 

Recreational noise, another ugly facet, is becoming more widespread in cities and towns. Loudspeakers are turned at full volume during marriages, festivals, jagrans, musical programmes, particularly at night, without the least consideration for others. Even at 50 dB, sound can awaken a person from a deep slumber. As experiments have shown, loudspeakers with output from 60 to 80 dB cause the pupils of a slumbering person to dilate, with increasing intake of oxygen, resulting in palpitation. The effect is more pronounced in narrow lanes. TV sets are played at full volume at prime time, invariably disturbing neighbours. Noise making seems to have become the latest status symbol, be it an election campaign or slogan shouting or advertising ownership of a TV set

Question:

Noise can be differentiated from other pollutants because: 

1. it does not impact the productivity of the workers in industries 

2. it is not detrimental to our health in any way 

3. it is prevalent only in the urban areas of the country 

4. it is regarded as a small irritant which may be easily dismissed

Comprehension:

Read the given passage and answer the questions that follow.

Although pollution of land, sea, and air has been well documented, the latest and the least recognised version is the swelling tide of noise which is engulfing urban as well as rural areas. This has long-term implications on the ecology, health and productivity of a fast developing country like India. Unlike other pollutants, noise lacks visibility, seldom registering on the consciousness, except as a trifling irritant to be dismissed at will and therefore less likely to be perceived as a threat. Available data indicates that noise does pose a threat to health and is known to have caused a number of complications. Declining productivity among workers in certain industries has been directly correlated with noise levels, particularly those under constant exposure to the menace. 

The first-ever survey of the impact of noise on health, conducted by All India Institute of Medical Sciences (AIIMS), has established that noise not only impairs the physical and psychological functioning of the human organism but also causes nausea, vomiting, pain, hypertension and a lot of other complications, including cardio-vascular complaints. A study by Post Graduate School of Basic Medical Sciences, Chennai, confirms such conclusions. In 50 per cent of industries, it was found that workmen exposed to higher intensities of noise in occupational capacities were often irritated, short-tempered, and impatient and more likely to resort to agitation and disrupt production. This was true of units in heavy industrial pockets in and around the four metropolitan centres. 

Recreational noise, another ugly facet, is becoming more widespread in cities and towns. Loudspeakers are turned at full volume during marriages, festivals, jagrans, musical programmes, particularly at night, without the least consideration for others. Even at 50 dB, sound can awaken a person from a deep slumber. As experiments have shown, loudspeakers with output from 60 to 80 dB cause the pupils of a slumbering person to dilate, with increasing intake of oxygen, resulting in palpitation. The effect is more pronounced in narrow lanes. TV sets are played at full volume at prime time, invariably disturbing neighbours. Noise making seems to have become the latest status symbol, be it an election campaign or slogan shouting or advertising ownership of a TV set

Question:

According to a survey conducted by AIIMS, noise does NOT cause: 

1. nausea and vomiting 

2. eye infections 

3. heart related complaints

4. hypertension

Comprehension:

Read the given passage and answer the questions that follow.

In the stress-ridden world, traditional pastimes that could prove therapeutic are dying for want of patronage. One such is the art of puppetry. The word “puppet” is derived from the Latin word pupa, meaning “doll” or “girl”. Puppets came into being in India in the third century A.D. Here it was honed into a theatrical art. It helped to propagate the works of saints and religious leaders, and also depict stories from epics. Later, it spread to South East Asia. The Cambodian puppeteers inspired the Thais. Java and Bali followed though it didn’t catch on in Sumatra. The Malays followed the Siamese and Japanese styles in the nineteenth century. Gradually, puppets became more sophisticated in appearance, as skilled craftsmen began to make the models. Puppeteers became trained as performers. In the eighteenth and nineteenth centuries, puppet theatres became extremely popular in artistic circles. Writers like George Sands and Goethe organised their own well-prepared puppet shows to entertain their friends. Puppet shows have been mentioned in the literature by Shakespeare, Ben Johnson, and many others. 

Basically, there are three kinds of puppets. Shadow puppets are made of translucent leather and coloured vegetable dyes. Buffalo, goat, or sheep skin is treated to become translucent. Limbs are loosely-jointed so that they can be made to move separately. A stick is attached vertically in the middle. Movement of the stick causes general movements. But for special movements, single strings attached to the limbs are used. These leather puppets are projected on a screen, which is illuminated by a light source placed behind the puppets. The puppeteer manipulates the puppets to form moving shadows on the screen. He also speaks the parts, sings, or is accompanied by music

String puppets involve puppets that are manipulated by six strings. The performance is on a stage but the puppeteers are never seen. They wear anklets which produce the illusion that the puppets themselves are dancing. The main storyteller recites the storyline, while the puppets perform, and the dialogue and music are provided by the puppeteers. Rod or stick puppets are constructed around the main central rod. A short horizontal bar serves as the shoulders, from which the upper limbs dangle. The arms, made of cloth and stuffed with straw or paper, are jointed or manipulated with other thinner rods. These puppets can be the size of a human being. The puppeteer hides behind the puppet and manipulates it. The coordination of the limbs comes only through practice

Puppetry is a good communication medium. Messages can be propagated in a realistic way. Puppet making and performing is good occupational therapy for convalescents and physically disabled people. Muscular coordination and manual dexterity improve with effort. However, the best use of this art is that it can provide delightful hours of fun to young and old alike.

Question:

The above passage is:

1. narrative

2. didactic 

3. factual

4. literary

Comprehension:

Read the given passage and answer the questions that follow.

In the stress-ridden world, traditional pastimes that could prove therapeutic are dying for want of patronage. One such is the art of puppetry. The word “puppet” is derived from the Latin word pupa, meaning “doll” or “girl”. Puppets came into being in India in the third century A.D. Here it was honed into a theatrical art. It helped to propagate the works of saints and religious leaders, and also depict stories from epics. Later, it spread to South East Asia. The Cambodian puppeteers inspired the Thais. Java and Bali followed though it didn’t catch on in Sumatra. The Malays followed the Siamese and Japanese styles in the nineteenth century. Gradually, puppets became more sophisticated in appearance, as skilled craftsmen began to make the models. Puppeteers became trained as performers. In the eighteenth and nineteenth centuries, puppet theatres became extremely popular in artistic circles. Writers like George Sands and Goethe organised their own well-prepared puppet shows to entertain their friends. Puppet shows have been mentioned in the literature by Shakespeare, Ben Johnson, and many others. 

Basically, there are three kinds of puppets. Shadow puppets are made of translucent leather and coloured vegetable dyes. Buffalo, goat, or sheep skin is treated to become translucent. Limbs are loosely-jointed so that they can be made to move separately. A stick is attached vertically in the middle. Movement of the stick causes general movements. But for special movements, single strings attached to the limbs are used. These leather puppets are projected on a screen, which is illuminated by a light source placed behind the puppets. The puppeteer manipulates the puppets to form moving shadows on the screen. He also speaks the parts, sings, or is accompanied by music

String puppets involve puppets that are manipulated by six strings. The performance is on a stage but the puppeteers are never seen. They wear anklets which produce the illusion that the puppets themselves are dancing. The main storyteller recites the storyline, while the puppets perform, and the dialogue and music are provided by the puppeteers. Rod or stick puppets are constructed around the main central rod. A short horizontal bar serves as the shoulders, from which the upper limbs dangle. The arms, made of cloth and stuffed with straw or paper, are jointed or manipulated with other thinner rods. These puppets can be the size of a human being. The puppeteer hides behind the puppet and manipulates it. The coordination of the limbs comes only through practice

Puppetry is a good communication medium. Messages can be propagated in a realistic way. Puppet making and performing is good occupational therapy for convalescents and physically disabled people. Muscular coordination and manual dexterity improve with effort. However, the best use of this art is that it can provide delightful hours of fun to young and old alike.

Question:

The word puppet is derived from the Latin word: 

1. pupa 

2. rod 

3. girl 

4. doll

Comprehension:

Read the given passage and answer the questions that follow.

In the stress-ridden world, traditional pastimes that could prove therapeutic are dying for want of patronage. One such is the art of puppetry. The word “puppet” is derived from the Latin word pupa, meaning “doll” or “girl”. Puppets came into being in India in the third century A.D. Here it was honed into a theatrical art. It helped to propagate the works of saints and religious leaders, and also depict stories from epics. Later, it spread to South East Asia. The Cambodian puppeteers inspired the Thais. Java and Bali followed though it didn’t catch on in Sumatra. The Malays followed the Siamese and Japanese styles in the nineteenth century. Gradually, puppets became more sophisticated in appearance, as skilled craftsmen began to make the models. Puppeteers became trained as performers. In the eighteenth and nineteenth centuries, puppet theatres became extremely popular in artistic circles. Writers like George Sands and Goethe organised their own well-prepared puppet shows to entertain their friends. Puppet shows have been mentioned in the literature by Shakespeare, Ben Johnson, and many others. 

Basically, there are three kinds of puppets. Shadow puppets are made of translucent leather and coloured vegetable dyes. Buffalo, goat, or sheep skin is treated to become translucent. Limbs are loosely-jointed so that they can be made to move separately. A stick is attached vertically in the middle. Movement of the stick causes general movements. But for special movements, single strings attached to the limbs are used. These leather puppets are projected on a screen, which is illuminated by a light source placed behind the puppets. The puppeteer manipulates the puppets to form moving shadows on the screen. He also speaks the parts, sings, or is accompanied by music

String puppets involve puppets that are manipulated by six strings. The performance is on a stage but the puppeteers are never seen. They wear anklets which produce the illusion that the puppets themselves are dancing. The main storyteller recites the storyline, while the puppets perform, and the dialogue and music are provided by the puppeteers. Rod or stick puppets are constructed around the main central rod. A short horizontal bar serves as the shoulders, from which the upper limbs dangle. The arms, made of cloth and stuffed with straw or paper, are jointed or manipulated with other thinner rods. These puppets can be the size of a human being. The puppeteer hides behind the puppet and manipulates it. The coordination of the limbs comes only through practice

Puppetry is a good communication medium. Messages can be propagated in a realistic way. Puppet making and performing is good occupational therapy for convalescents and physically disabled people. Muscular coordination and manual dexterity improve with effort. However, the best use of this art is that it can provide delightful hours of fun to young and old alike.

Question:

A light source is placed behind the shadow puppets so that: 

1. they are clearly visible in bright light 

2. the puppeteer is hidden from view 

3. moving shadows can be created on the screen 

4. the puppets can illuminate the screen

Comprehension:

Read the given passage and answer the questions that follow.

In the stress-ridden world, traditional pastimes that could prove therapeutic are dying for want of patronage. One such is the art of puppetry. The word “puppet” is derived from the Latin word pupa, meaning “doll” or “girl”. Puppets came into being in India in the third century A.D. Here it was honed into a theatrical art. It helped to propagate the works of saints and religious leaders, and also depict stories from epics. Later, it spread to South East Asia. The Cambodian puppeteers inspired the Thais. Java and Bali followed though it didn’t catch on in Sumatra. The Malays followed the Siamese and Japanese styles in the nineteenth century. Gradually, puppets became more sophisticated in appearance, as skilled craftsmen began to make the models. Puppeteers became trained as performers. In the eighteenth and nineteenth centuries, puppet theatres became extremely popular in artistic circles. Writers like George Sands and Goethe organised their own well-prepared puppet shows to entertain their friends. Puppet shows have been mentioned in the literature by Shakespeare, Ben Johnson, and many others. 

Basically, there are three kinds of puppets. Shadow puppets are made of translucent leather and coloured vegetable dyes. Buffalo, goat, or sheep skin is treated to become translucent. Limbs are loosely-jointed so that they can be made to move separately. A stick is attached vertically in the middle. Movement of the stick causes general movements. But for special movements, single strings attached to the limbs are used. These leather puppets are projected on a screen, which is illuminated by a light source placed behind the puppets. The puppeteer manipulates the puppets to form moving shadows on the screen. He also speaks the parts, sings, or is accompanied by music

String puppets involve puppets that are manipulated by six strings. The performance is on a stage but the puppeteers are never seen. They wear anklets which produce the illusion that the puppets themselves are dancing. The main storyteller recites the storyline, while the puppets perform, and the dialogue and music are provided by the puppeteers. Rod or stick puppets are constructed around the main central rod. A short horizontal bar serves as the shoulders, from which the upper limbs dangle. The arms, made of cloth and stuffed with straw or paper, are jointed or manipulated with other thinner rods. These puppets can be the size of a human being. The puppeteer hides behind the puppet and manipulates it. The coordination of the limbs comes only through practice

Puppetry is a good communication medium. Messages can be propagated in a realistic way. Puppet making and performing is good occupational therapy for convalescents and physically disabled people. Muscular coordination and manual dexterity improve with effort. However, the best use of this art is that it can provide delightful hours of fun to young and old alike.

Question:

Which of the following statements about string puppets is FALSE? 

1. Puppets wear anklets while dancing. 

2. The show is performed on a stage. 

3. Six strings are used to manipulate puppets. 

4. The main storyteller narrates the story. 

Comprehension:

Read the given passage and answer the questions that follow.

In the stress-ridden world, traditional pastimes that could prove therapeutic are dying for want of patronage. One such is the art of puppetry. The word “puppet” is derived from the Latin word pupa, meaning “doll” or “girl”. Puppets came into being in India in the third century A.D. Here it was honed into a theatrical art. It helped to propagate the works of saints and religious leaders, and also depict stories from epics. Later, it spread to South East Asia. The Cambodian puppeteers inspired the Thais. Java and Bali followed though it didn’t catch on in Sumatra. The Malays followed the Siamese and Japanese styles in the nineteenth century. Gradually, puppets became more sophisticated in appearance, as skilled craftsmen began to make the models. Puppeteers became trained as performers. In the eighteenth and nineteenth centuries, puppet theatres became extremely popular in artistic circles. Writers like George Sands and Goethe organised their own well-prepared puppet shows to entertain their friends. Puppet shows have been mentioned in the literature by Shakespeare, Ben Johnson, and many others. 

Basically, there are three kinds of puppets. Shadow puppets are made of translucent leather and coloured vegetable dyes. Buffalo, goat, or sheep skin is treated to become translucent. Limbs are loosely-jointed so that they can be made to move separately. A stick is attached vertically in the middle. Movement of the stick causes general movements. But for special movements, single strings attached to the limbs are used. These leather puppets are projected on a screen, which is illuminated by a light source placed behind the puppets. The puppeteer manipulates the puppets to form moving shadows on the screen. He also speaks the parts, sings, or is accompanied by music

String puppets involve puppets that are manipulated by six strings. The performance is on a stage but the puppeteers are never seen. They wear anklets which produce the illusion that the puppets themselves are dancing. The main storyteller recites the storyline, while the puppets perform, and the dialogue and music are provided by the puppeteers. Rod or stick puppets are constructed around the main central rod. A short horizontal bar serves as the shoulders, from which the upper limbs dangle. The arms, made of cloth and stuffed with straw or paper, are jointed or manipulated with other thinner rods. These puppets can be the size of a human being. The puppeteer hides behind the puppet and manipulates it. The coordination of the limbs comes only through practice

Puppetry is a good communication medium. Messages can be propagated in a realistic way. Puppet making and performing is good occupational therapy for convalescents and physically disabled people. Muscular coordination and manual dexterity improve with effort. However, the best use of this art is that it can provide delightful hours of fun to young and old alike.

Question:

Which of the following is NOT a benefit of the art of puppetry?

1. It is a good therapy for physically challenged people.

2. It is entertaining for people of all ages. 

3. A puppeteer is required to manipulate the puppets.

4. Messages can be propagated in a realistic manner. 

Comprehension:

Read the given passage and answer the questions that follow.

In the stress-ridden world, traditional pastimes that could prove therapeutic are dying for want of patronage. One such is the art of puppetry. The word “puppet” is derived from the Latin word pupa, meaning “doll” or “girl”. Puppets came into being in India in the third century A.D. Here it was honed into a theatrical art. It helped to propagate the works of saints and religious leaders, and also depict stories from epics. Later, it spread to South East Asia. The Cambodian puppeteers inspired the Thais. Java and Bali followed though it didn’t catch on in Sumatra. The Malays followed the Siamese and Japanese styles in the nineteenth century. Gradually, puppets became more sophisticated in appearance, as skilled craftsmen began to make the models. Puppeteers became trained as performers. In the eighteenth and nineteenth centuries, puppet theatres became extremely popular in artistic circles. Writers like George Sands and Goethe organised their own well-prepared puppet shows to entertain their friends. Puppet shows have been mentioned in the literature by Shakespeare, Ben Johnson, and many others. 

Basically, there are three kinds of puppets. Shadow puppets are made of translucent leather and coloured vegetable dyes. Buffalo, goat, or sheep skin is treated to become translucent. Limbs are loosely-jointed so that they can be made to move separately. A stick is attached vertically in the middle. Movement of the stick causes general movements. But for special movements, single strings attached to the limbs are used. These leather puppets are projected on a screen, which is illuminated by a light source placed behind the puppets. The puppeteer manipulates the puppets to form moving shadows on the screen. He also speaks the parts, sings, or is accompanied by music

String puppets involve puppets that are manipulated by six strings. The performance is on a stage but the puppeteers are never seen. They wear anklets which produce the illusion that the puppets themselves are dancing. The main storyteller recites the storyline, while the puppets perform, and the dialogue and music are provided by the puppeteers. Rod or stick puppets are constructed around the main central rod. A short horizontal bar serves as the shoulders, from which the upper limbs dangle. The arms, made of cloth and stuffed with straw or paper, are jointed or manipulated with other thinner rods. These puppets can be the size of a human being. The puppeteer hides behind the puppet and manipulates it. The coordination of the limbs comes only through practice

Puppetry is a good communication medium. Messages can be propagated in a realistic way. Puppet making and performing is good occupational therapy for convalescents and physically disabled people. Muscular coordination and manual dexterity improve with effort. However, the best use of this art is that it can provide delightful hours of fun to young and old alike.

Question:

Traditional ways of recreation, such as puppetry, are dying because: 

1. the performances are no longer interesting 

2. the performers lack skill and training 

3. they do not get the support of patrons 

4. they do not provide relaxation from stress

Comprehension:

Read the given passage and answer the questions that follow.

In the stress-ridden world, traditional pastimes that could prove therapeutic are dying for want of patronage. One such is the art of puppetry. The word “puppet” is derived from the Latin word pupa, meaning “doll” or “girl”. Puppets came into being in India in the third century A.D. Here it was honed into a theatrical art. It helped to propagate the works of saints and religious leaders, and also depict stories from epics. Later, it spread to South East Asia. The Cambodian puppeteers inspired the Thais. Java and Bali followed though it didn’t catch on in Sumatra. The Malays followed the Siamese and Japanese styles in the nineteenth century. Gradually, puppets became more sophisticated in appearance, as skilled craftsmen began to make the models. Puppeteers became trained as performers. In the eighteenth and nineteenth centuries, puppet theatres became extremely popular in artistic circles. Writers like George Sands and Goethe organised their own well-prepared puppet shows to entertain their friends. Puppet shows have been mentioned in the literature by Shakespeare, Ben Johnson, and many others. 

Basically, there are three kinds of puppets. Shadow puppets are made of translucent leather and coloured vegetable dyes. Buffalo, goat, or sheep skin is treated to become translucent. Limbs are loosely-jointed so that they can be made to move separately. A stick is attached vertically in the middle. Movement of the stick causes general movements. But for special movements, single strings attached to the limbs are used. These leather puppets are projected on a screen, which is illuminated by a light source placed behind the puppets. The puppeteer manipulates the puppets to form moving shadows on the screen. He also speaks the parts, sings, or is accompanied by music

String puppets involve puppets that are manipulated by six strings. The performance is on a stage but the puppeteers are never seen. They wear anklets which produce the illusion that the puppets themselves are dancing. The main storyteller recites the storyline, while the puppets perform, and the dialogue and music are provided by the puppeteers. Rod or stick puppets are constructed around the main central rod. A short horizontal bar serves as the shoulders, from which the upper limbs dangle. The arms, made of cloth and stuffed with straw or paper, are jointed or manipulated with other thinner rods. These puppets can be the size of a human being. The puppeteer hides behind the puppet and manipulates it. The coordination of the limbs comes only through practice

Puppetry is a good communication medium. Messages can be propagated in a realistic way. Puppet making and performing is good occupational therapy for convalescents and physically disabled people. Muscular coordination and manual dexterity improve with effort. However, the best use of this art is that it can provide delightful hours of fun to young and old alike.

Question:

Where did the art of puppetry first come into being?

1. India

2. Cambodia 

3. Bali 

4. Japan

Comprehension:

Read the given passage and answer the questions that follow.

In the stress-ridden world, traditional pastimes that could prove therapeutic are dying for want of patronage. One such is the art of puppetry. The word “puppet” is derived from the Latin word pupa, meaning “doll” or “girl”. Puppets came into being in India in the third century A.D. Here it was honed into a theatrical art. It helped to propagate the works of saints and religious leaders, and also depict stories from epics. Later, it spread to South East Asia. The Cambodian puppeteers inspired the Thais. Java and Bali followed though it didn’t catch on in Sumatra. The Malays followed the Siamese and Japanese styles in the nineteenth century. Gradually, puppets became more sophisticated in appearance, as skilled craftsmen began to make the models. Puppeteers became trained as performers. In the eighteenth and nineteenth centuries, puppet theatres became extremely popular in artistic circles. Writers like George Sands and Goethe organised their own well-prepared puppet shows to entertain their friends. Puppet shows have been mentioned in the literature by Shakespeare, Ben Johnson, and many others. 

Basically, there are three kinds of puppets. Shadow puppets are made of translucent leather and coloured vegetable dyes. Buffalo, goat, or sheep skin is treated to become translucent. Limbs are loosely-jointed so that they can be made to move separately. A stick is attached vertically in the middle. Movement of the stick causes general movements. But for special movements, single strings attached to the limbs are used. These leather puppets are projected on a screen, which is illuminated by a light source placed behind the puppets. The puppeteer manipulates the puppets to form moving shadows on the screen. He also speaks the parts, sings, or is accompanied by music

String puppets involve puppets that are manipulated by six strings. The performance is on a stage but the puppeteers are never seen. They wear anklets which produce the illusion that the puppets themselves are dancing. The main storyteller recites the storyline, while the puppets perform, and the dialogue and music are provided by the puppeteers. Rod or stick puppets are constructed around the main central rod. A short horizontal bar serves as the shoulders, from which the upper limbs dangle. The arms, made of cloth and stuffed with straw or paper, are jointed or manipulated with other thinner rods. These puppets can be the size of a human being. The puppeteer hides behind the puppet and manipulates it. The coordination of the limbs comes only through practice

Puppetry is a good communication medium. Messages can be propagated in a realistic way. Puppet making and performing is good occupational therapy for convalescents and physically disabled people. Muscular coordination and manual dexterity improve with effort. However, the best use of this art is that it can provide delightful hours of fun to young and old alike.

Question:

Which of the following statements testifies that puppetry was popular in artistic circles? 

1. People spent a huge sum of money to see puppet shows.

2. Puppetry finds a mention in literature.

3. Puppets became more sophisticated in appearance. 

4. Puppeteers were trained to give performances.

Comprehension:

Read the given passage and answer the questions that follow.

In the stress-ridden world, traditional pastimes that could prove therapeutic are dying for want of patronage. One such is the art of puppetry. The word “puppet” is derived from the Latin word pupa, meaning “doll” or “girl”. Puppets came into being in India in the third century A.D. Here it was honed into a theatrical art. It helped to propagate the works of saints and religious leaders, and also depict stories from epics. Later, it spread to South East Asia. The Cambodian puppeteers inspired the Thais. Java and Bali followed though it didn’t catch on in Sumatra. The Malays followed the Siamese and Japanese styles in the nineteenth century. Gradually, puppets became more sophisticated in appearance, as skilled craftsmen began to make the models. Puppeteers became trained as performers. In the eighteenth and nineteenth centuries, puppet theatres became extremely popular in artistic circles. Writers like George Sands and Goethe organised their own well-prepared puppet shows to entertain their friends. Puppet shows have been mentioned in the literature by Shakespeare, Ben Johnson, and many others. 

Basically, there are three kinds of puppets. Shadow puppets are made of translucent leather and coloured vegetable dyes. Buffalo, goat, or sheep skin is treated to become translucent. Limbs are loosely-jointed so that they can be made to move separately. A stick is attached vertically in the middle. Movement of the stick causes general movements. But for special movements, single strings attached to the limbs are used. These leather puppets are projected on a screen, which is illuminated by a light source placed behind the puppets. The puppeteer manipulates the puppets to form moving shadows on the screen. He also speaks the parts, sings, or is accompanied by music

String puppets involve puppets that are manipulated by six strings. The performance is on a stage but the puppeteers are never seen. They wear anklets which produce the illusion that the puppets themselves are dancing. The main storyteller recites the storyline, while the puppets perform, and the dialogue and music are provided by the puppeteers. Rod or stick puppets are constructed around the main central rod. A short horizontal bar serves as the shoulders, from which the upper limbs dangle. The arms, made of cloth and stuffed with straw or paper, are jointed or manipulated with other thinner rods. These puppets can be the size of a human being. The puppeteer hides behind the puppet and manipulates it. The coordination of the limbs comes only through practice

Puppetry is a good communication medium. Messages can be propagated in a realistic way. Puppet making and performing is good occupational therapy for convalescents and physically disabled people. Muscular coordination and manual dexterity improve with effort. However, the best use of this art is that it can provide delightful hours of fun to young and old alike.

Question:

The upper limbs of stick puppets are made of: 

1. straw 

2. paper 

3. cloth

4. leather

Comprehension:

Read the given passage and answer the questions that follow.

In the stress-ridden world, traditional pastimes that could prove therapeutic are dying for want of patronage. One such is the art of puppetry. The word “puppet” is derived from the Latin word pupa, meaning “doll” or “girl”. Puppets came into being in India in the third century A.D. Here it was honed into a theatrical art. It helped to propagate the works of saints and religious leaders, and also depict stories from epics. Later, it spread to South East Asia. The Cambodian puppeteers inspired the Thais. Java and Bali followed though it didn’t catch on in Sumatra. The Malays followed the Siamese and Japanese styles in the nineteenth century. Gradually, puppets became more sophisticated in appearance, as skilled craftsmen began to make the models. Puppeteers became trained as performers. In the eighteenth and nineteenth centuries, puppet theatres became extremely popular in artistic circles. Writers like George Sands and Goethe organised their own well-prepared puppet shows to entertain their friends. Puppet shows have been mentioned in the literature by Shakespeare, Ben Johnson, and many others. 

Basically, there are three kinds of puppets. Shadow puppets are made of translucent leather and coloured vegetable dyes. Buffalo, goat, or sheep skin is treated to become translucent. Limbs are loosely-jointed so that they can be made to move separately. A stick is attached vertically in the middle. Movement of the stick causes general movements. But for special movements, single strings attached to the limbs are used. These leather puppets are projected on a screen, which is illuminated by a light source placed behind the puppets. The puppeteer manipulates the puppets to form moving shadows on the screen. He also speaks the parts, sings, or is accompanied by music

String puppets involve puppets that are manipulated by six strings. The performance is on a stage but the puppeteers are never seen. They wear anklets which produce the illusion that the puppets themselves are dancing. The main storyteller recites the storyline, while the puppets perform, and the dialogue and music are provided by the puppeteers. Rod or stick puppets are constructed around the main central rod. A short horizontal bar serves as the shoulders, from which the upper limbs dangle. The arms, made of cloth and stuffed with straw or paper, are jointed or manipulated with other thinner rods. These puppets can be the size of a human being. The puppeteer hides behind the puppet and manipulates it. The coordination of the limbs comes only through practice

Puppetry is a good communication medium. Messages can be propagated in a realistic way. Puppet making and performing is good occupational therapy for convalescents and physically disabled people. Muscular coordination and manual dexterity improve with effort. However, the best use of this art is that it can provide delightful hours of fun to young and old alike.

Question:

Limbs of the puppets are loosely-jointed: 

1. to create the illusion of dancing 

2. to make the movements aesthetic

3. to allow movement of limbs separately

4. to move the entire body of the puppet

Comprehension:

Read the given passage and answer the questions that follow

You go up a dark, rickety stairwell of a building on a crowded street in Calcutta. You enter a small room. The centre of the room is empty but the corners are stacked with bedrolls, utensils and water bottles. Musical instruments, drums, cymbals and gongs are piled in a corner. Today, the room is filled with the laughter of men and women in colourful attire. Among the happy chorus of congratulations and laughter, the bride Chumki Pal and the groom Sandeep can be seen smiling. They are both blind, as are most of the people surrounding them. Pal is wearing a bright turquoise blue sari. “I know it’s blue because people have told me but I can’t imagine how it looks. But believe me, when I dream, I dream only in colours,” she says. Their romance blossomed when they met as members of Blind Opera, the only one of its kind in the country as well as in Asia

The 36 spirited members of Blind Opera demonstrate that physical disability is not an obstacle. They enact plays by Rabindranath Tagore, considered challenging even by veteran theatre groups. Blind Opera was launched in 1996 by four theatre aficionados, who took it as a challenge to get together the talents of these visually impaired people. The challenge to present the cast on stage is immense since space management is a problem. To solve this, the directors use ropes to separate the stage and the wings. When the actors step on the rope they know that it is the entrance to the stage. The members cannot see, but they can smell, hear and touch – three elements inherent to any theatre. At Blind Opera, they “believe that the blind can see. That is, they see in their own way, if not in our way, with the help of these abilities.” 

For the visually impaired, theatre is the medium for expression of their creative urges. They respond instinctively; they cannot copy anyone else because they cannot see. Their body language tells the story and hence it is very spontaneous. The members have earned kudos from Calcutta audiences. For the members of the troupe, discovering the language of the body is in a way also a journey of the persona. Coming from diverse backgrounds but bound together by the same disability, they have found an outlet for their creativity through the plays. They do not feel isolated anymore because they can relate to their fellow performers. There is also a greater purpose behind it: to use theatre to build a community and mainstream the huge number of disabled living in isolation. Together they can be a force to demand better facilities in public life. Blind children should enter the mainstream from the beginning. The big dream of the group is to establish a drama school following the ideal of Tagore’s Shantiniketan, offering a platform for creative expression to all those who are economically and socially forced to stay in the periphery. Like Chumki Pal, they all dream in colour

Question:

Which of the following statements is FALSE? 

1. Calcutta audiences have lauded Blind Opera.

2. Blind Opera is one of its kind in the world. 

3. The blind can see in their own way. 

4. Blind Opera was launched in 1996. 

Comprehension:

Read the given passage and answer the questions that follow

You go up a dark, rickety stairwell of a building on a crowded street in Calcutta. You enter a small room. The centre of the room is empty but the corners are stacked with bedrolls, utensils and water bottles. Musical instruments, drums, cymbals and gongs are piled in a corner. Today, the room is filled with the laughter of men and women in colourful attire. Among the happy chorus of congratulations and laughter, the bride Chumki Pal and the groom Sandeep can be seen smiling. They are both blind, as are most of the people surrounding them. Pal is wearing a bright turquoise blue sari. “I know it’s blue because people have told me but I can’t imagine how it looks. But believe me, when I dream, I dream only in colours,” she says. Their romance blossomed when they met as members of Blind Opera, the only one of its kind in the country as well as in Asia

The 36 spirited members of Blind Opera demonstrate that physical disability is not an obstacle. They enact plays by Rabindranath Tagore, considered challenging even by veteran theatre groups. Blind Opera was launched in 1996 by four theatre aficionados, who took it as a challenge to get together the talents of these visually impaired people. The challenge to present the cast on stage is immense since space management is a problem. To solve this, the directors use ropes to separate the stage and the wings. When the actors step on the rope they know that it is the entrance to the stage. The members cannot see, but they can smell, hear and touch – three elements inherent to any theatre. At Blind Opera, they “believe that the blind can see. That is, they see in their own way, if not in our way, with the help of these abilities.” 

For the visually impaired, theatre is the medium for expression of their creative urges. They respond instinctively; they cannot copy anyone else because they cannot see. Their body language tells the story and hence it is very spontaneous. The members have earned kudos from Calcutta audiences. For the members of the troupe, discovering the language of the body is in a way also a journey of the persona. Coming from diverse backgrounds but bound together by the same disability, they have found an outlet for their creativity through the plays. They do not feel isolated anymore because they can relate to their fellow performers. There is also a greater purpose behind it: to use theatre to build a community and mainstream the huge number of disabled living in isolation. Together they can be a force to demand better facilities in public life. Blind children should enter the mainstream from the beginning. The big dream of the group is to establish a drama school following the ideal of Tagore’s Shantiniketan, offering a platform for creative expression to all those who are economically and socially forced to stay in the periphery. Like Chumki Pal, they all dream in colour

Question:

What is the biggest problem in presenting the troupe on stage?

1. Space management

2. Communication 

3. Spontaneity 

4. Time management

Comprehension:

Read the given passage and answer the questions that follow

You go up a dark, rickety stairwell of a building on a crowded street in Calcutta. You enter a small room. The centre of the room is empty but the corners are stacked with bedrolls, utensils and water bottles. Musical instruments, drums, cymbals and gongs are piled in a corner. Today, the room is filled with the laughter of men and women in colourful attire. Among the happy chorus of congratulations and laughter, the bride Chumki Pal and the groom Sandeep can be seen smiling. They are both blind, as are most of the people surrounding them. Pal is wearing a bright turquoise blue sari. “I know it’s blue because people have told me but I can’t imagine how it looks. But believe me, when I dream, I dream only in colours,” she says. Their romance blossomed when they met as members of Blind Opera, the only one of its kind in the country as well as in Asia

The 36 spirited members of Blind Opera demonstrate that physical disability is not an obstacle. They enact plays by Rabindranath Tagore, considered challenging even by veteran theatre groups. Blind Opera was launched in 1996 by four theatre aficionados, who took it as a challenge to get together the talents of these visually impaired people. The challenge to present the cast on stage is immense since space management is a problem. To solve this, the directors use ropes to separate the stage and the wings. When the actors step on the rope they know that it is the entrance to the stage. The members cannot see, but they can smell, hear and touch – three elements inherent to any theatre. At Blind Opera, they “believe that the blind can see. That is, they see in their own way, if not in our way, with the help of these abilities.” 

For the visually impaired, theatre is the medium for expression of their creative urges. They respond instinctively; they cannot copy anyone else because they cannot see. Their body language tells the story and hence it is very spontaneous. The members have earned kudos from Calcutta audiences. For the members of the troupe, discovering the language of the body is in a way also a journey of the persona. Coming from diverse backgrounds but bound together by the same disability, they have found an outlet for their creativity through the plays. They do not feel isolated anymore because they can relate to their fellow performers. There is also a greater purpose behind it: to use theatre to build a community and mainstream the huge number of disabled living in isolation. Together they can be a force to demand better facilities in public life. Blind children should enter the mainstream from the beginning. The big dream of the group is to establish a drama school following the ideal of Tagore’s Shantiniketan, offering a platform for creative expression to all those who are economically and socially forced to stay in the periphery. Like Chumki Pal, they all dream in colour

Question:

How do the actors of Blind Opera ascertain they are on stage? 

1. By the ropes used to demarcate the area 

2. By their familiarity with the stage

3. By the cheering of the audience

4. By their sense of smell and touch

Comprehension:

Read the given passage and answer the questions that follow

You go up a dark, rickety stairwell of a building on a crowded street in Calcutta. You enter a small room. The centre of the room is empty but the corners are stacked with bedrolls, utensils and water bottles. Musical instruments, drums, cymbals and gongs are piled in a corner. Today, the room is filled with the laughter of men and women in colourful attire. Among the happy chorus of congratulations and laughter, the bride Chumki Pal and the groom Sandeep can be seen smiling. They are both blind, as are most of the people surrounding them. Pal is wearing a bright turquoise blue sari. “I know it’s blue because people have told me but I can’t imagine how it looks. But believe me, when I dream, I dream only in colours,” she says. Their romance blossomed when they met as members of Blind Opera, the only one of its kind in the country as well as in Asia

The 36 spirited members of Blind Opera demonstrate that physical disability is not an obstacle. They enact plays by Rabindranath Tagore, considered challenging even by veteran theatre groups. Blind Opera was launched in 1996 by four theatre aficionados, who took it as a challenge to get together the talents of these visually impaired people. The challenge to present the cast on stage is immense since space management is a problem. To solve this, the directors use ropes to separate the stage and the wings. When the actors step on the rope they know that it is the entrance to the stage. The members cannot see, but they can smell, hear and touch – three elements inherent to any theatre. At Blind Opera, they “believe that the blind can see. That is, they see in their own way, if not in our way, with the help of these abilities.” 

For the visually impaired, theatre is the medium for expression of their creative urges. They respond instinctively; they cannot copy anyone else because they cannot see. Their body language tells the story and hence it is very spontaneous. The members have earned kudos from Calcutta audiences. For the members of the troupe, discovering the language of the body is in a way also a journey of the persona. Coming from diverse backgrounds but bound together by the same disability, they have found an outlet for their creativity through the plays. They do not feel isolated anymore because they can relate to their fellow performers. There is also a greater purpose behind it: to use theatre to build a community and mainstream the huge number of disabled living in isolation. Together they can be a force to demand better facilities in public life. Blind children should enter the mainstream from the beginning. The big dream of the group is to establish a drama school following the ideal of Tagore’s Shantiniketan, offering a platform for creative expression to all those who are economically and socially forced to stay in the periphery. Like Chumki Pal, they all dream in colour

Question:

The visually impaired do NOT feel secluded in the Blind Opera group because they can:

1. relate to their fellow performers 

2. express their creativity freely 

3. become economically independent 

4. play musical instruments together

Comprehension:

Read the given passage and answer the questions that follow

You go up a dark, rickety stairwell of a building on a crowded street in Calcutta. You enter a small room. The centre of the room is empty but the corners are stacked with bedrolls, utensils and water bottles. Musical instruments, drums, cymbals and gongs are piled in a corner. Today, the room is filled with the laughter of men and women in colourful attire. Among the happy chorus of congratulations and laughter, the bride Chumki Pal and the groom Sandeep can be seen smiling. They are both blind, as are most of the people surrounding them. Pal is wearing a bright turquoise blue sari. “I know it’s blue because people have told me but I can’t imagine how it looks. But believe me, when I dream, I dream only in colours,” she says. Their romance blossomed when they met as members of Blind Opera, the only one of its kind in the country as well as in Asia

The 36 spirited members of Blind Opera demonstrate that physical disability is not an obstacle. They enact plays by Rabindranath Tagore, considered challenging even by veteran theatre groups. Blind Opera was launched in 1996 by four theatre aficionados, who took it as a challenge to get together the talents of these visually impaired people. The challenge to present the cast on stage is immense since space management is a problem. To solve this, the directors use ropes to separate the stage and the wings. When the actors step on the rope they know that it is the entrance to the stage. The members cannot see, but they can smell, hear and touch – three elements inherent to any theatre. At Blind Opera, they “believe that the blind can see. That is, they see in their own way, if not in our way, with the help of these abilities.” 

For the visually impaired, theatre is the medium for expression of their creative urges. They respond instinctively; they cannot copy anyone else because they cannot see. Their body language tells the story and hence it is very spontaneous. The members have earned kudos from Calcutta audiences. For the members of the troupe, discovering the language of the body is in a way also a journey of the persona. Coming from diverse backgrounds but bound together by the same disability, they have found an outlet for their creativity through the plays. They do not feel isolated anymore because they can relate to their fellow performers. There is also a greater purpose behind it: to use theatre to build a community and mainstream the huge number of disabled living in isolation. Together they can be a force to demand better facilities in public life. Blind children should enter the mainstream from the beginning. The big dream of the group is to establish a drama school following the ideal of Tagore’s Shantiniketan, offering a platform for creative expression to all those who are economically and socially forced to stay in the periphery. Like Chumki Pal, they all dream in colour

Question:

Which of the following statements contradicts the writer’s view? 

1. The actors of Blind Opera imitate others easily.

2. The blind dream in colour despite their disability.

3. Blind children should enter the mainstream from the beginning. 

4. As a united community, the disabled can demand better facilities. 

Comprehension:

Read the given passage and answer the questions that follow

You go up a dark, rickety stairwell of a building on a crowded street in Calcutta. You enter a small room. The centre of the room is empty but the corners are stacked with bedrolls, utensils and water bottles. Musical instruments, drums, cymbals and gongs are piled in a corner. Today, the room is filled with the laughter of men and women in colourful attire. Among the happy chorus of congratulations and laughter, the bride Chumki Pal and the groom Sandeep can be seen smiling. They are both blind, as are most of the people surrounding them. Pal is wearing a bright turquoise blue sari. “I know it’s blue because people have told me but I can’t imagine how it looks. But believe me, when I dream, I dream only in colours,” she says. Their romance blossomed when they met as members of Blind Opera, the only one of its kind in the country as well as in Asia

The 36 spirited members of Blind Opera demonstrate that physical disability is not an obstacle. They enact plays by Rabindranath Tagore, considered challenging even by veteran theatre groups. Blind Opera was launched in 1996 by four theatre aficionados, who took it as a challenge to get together the talents of these visually impaired people. The challenge to present the cast on stage is immense since space management is a problem. To solve this, the directors use ropes to separate the stage and the wings. When the actors step on the rope they know that it is the entrance to the stage. The members cannot see, but they can smell, hear and touch – three elements inherent to any theatre. At Blind Opera, they “believe that the blind can see. That is, they see in their own way, if not in our way, with the help of these abilities.” 

For the visually impaired, theatre is the medium for expression of their creative urges. They respond instinctively; they cannot copy anyone else because they cannot see. Their body language tells the story and hence it is very spontaneous. The members have earned kudos from Calcutta audiences. For the members of the troupe, discovering the language of the body is in a way also a journey of the persona. Coming from diverse backgrounds but bound together by the same disability, they have found an outlet for their creativity through the plays. They do not feel isolated anymore because they can relate to their fellow performers. There is also a greater purpose behind it: to use theatre to build a community and mainstream the huge number of disabled living in isolation. Together they can be a force to demand better facilities in public life. Blind children should enter the mainstream from the beginning. The big dream of the group is to establish a drama school following the ideal of Tagore’s Shantiniketan, offering a platform for creative expression to all those who are economically and socially forced to stay in the periphery. Like Chumki Pal, they all dream in colour

Question:

Which of the following is NOT a key element inherent to any theatre?

1. Sense of hearing

2. Sense of taste

3. Sense of smell 

4. Sense of touch

Comprehension:

Read the given passage and answer the questions that follow

You go up a dark, rickety stairwell of a building on a crowded street in Calcutta. You enter a small room. The centre of the room is empty but the corners are stacked with bedrolls, utensils and water bottles. Musical instruments, drums, cymbals and gongs are piled in a corner. Today, the room is filled with the laughter of men and women in colourful attire. Among the happy chorus of congratulations and laughter, the bride Chumki Pal and the groom Sandeep can be seen smiling. They are both blind, as are most of the people surrounding them. Pal is wearing a bright turquoise blue sari. “I know it’s blue because people have told me but I can’t imagine how it looks. But believe me, when I dream, I dream only in colours,” she says. Their romance blossomed when they met as members of Blind Opera, the only one of its kind in the country as well as in Asia

The 36 spirited members of Blind Opera demonstrate that physical disability is not an obstacle. They enact plays by Rabindranath Tagore, considered challenging even by veteran theatre groups. Blind Opera was launched in 1996 by four theatre aficionados, who took it as a challenge to get together the talents of these visually impaired people. The challenge to present the cast on stage is immense since space management is a problem. To solve this, the directors use ropes to separate the stage and the wings. When the actors step on the rope they know that it is the entrance to the stage. The members cannot see, but they can smell, hear and touch – three elements inherent to any theatre. At Blind Opera, they “believe that the blind can see. That is, they see in their own way, if not in our way, with the help of these abilities.” 

For the visually impaired, theatre is the medium for expression of their creative urges. They respond instinctively; they cannot copy anyone else because they cannot see. Their body language tells the story and hence it is very spontaneous. The members have earned kudos from Calcutta audiences. For the members of the troupe, discovering the language of the body is in a way also a journey of the persona. Coming from diverse backgrounds but bound together by the same disability, they have found an outlet for their creativity through the plays. They do not feel isolated anymore because they can relate to their fellow performers. There is also a greater purpose behind it: to use theatre to build a community and mainstream the huge number of disabled living in isolation. Together they can be a force to demand better facilities in public life. Blind children should enter the mainstream from the beginning. The big dream of the group is to establish a drama school following the ideal of Tagore’s Shantiniketan, offering a platform for creative expression to all those who are economically and socially forced to stay in the periphery. Like Chumki Pal, they all dream in colour

Question:

What is the binding factor for the members of Blind Opera? 

1. Their love for plays of Tagore

2. Visual impairment 

3. Their diverse backgrounds 

4. Their talent for acting

Comprehension:

Read the given passage and answer the questions that follow

You go up a dark, rickety stairwell of a building on a crowded street in Calcutta. You enter a small room. The centre of the room is empty but the corners are stacked with bedrolls, utensils and water bottles. Musical instruments, drums, cymbals and gongs are piled in a corner. Today, the room is filled with the laughter of men and women in colourful attire. Among the happy chorus of congratulations and laughter, the bride Chumki Pal and the groom Sandeep can be seen smiling. They are both blind, as are most of the people surrounding them. Pal is wearing a bright turquoise blue sari. “I know it’s blue because people have told me but I can’t imagine how it looks. But believe me, when I dream, I dream only in colours,” she says. Their romance blossomed when they met as members of Blind Opera, the only one of its kind in the country as well as in Asia

The 36 spirited members of Blind Opera demonstrate that physical disability is not an obstacle. They enact plays by Rabindranath Tagore, considered challenging even by veteran theatre groups. Blind Opera was launched in 1996 by four theatre aficionados, who took it as a challenge to get together the talents of these visually impaired people. The challenge to present the cast on stage is immense since space management is a problem. To solve this, the directors use ropes to separate the stage and the wings. When the actors step on the rope they know that it is the entrance to the stage. The members cannot see, but they can smell, hear and touch – three elements inherent to any theatre. At Blind Opera, they “believe that the blind can see. That is, they see in their own way, if not in our way, with the help of these abilities.” 

For the visually impaired, theatre is the medium for expression of their creative urges. They respond instinctively; they cannot copy anyone else because they cannot see. Their body language tells the story and hence it is very spontaneous. The members have earned kudos from Calcutta audiences. For the members of the troupe, discovering the language of the body is in a way also a journey of the persona. Coming from diverse backgrounds but bound together by the same disability, they have found an outlet for their creativity through the plays. They do not feel isolated anymore because they can relate to their fellow performers. There is also a greater purpose behind it: to use theatre to build a community and mainstream the huge number of disabled living in isolation. Together they can be a force to demand better facilities in public life. Blind children should enter the mainstream from the beginning. The big dream of the group is to establish a drama school following the ideal of Tagore’s Shantiniketan, offering a platform for creative expression to all those who are economically and socially forced to stay in the periphery. Like Chumki Pal, they all dream in colour

Question:

What is the happy occasion mentioned in the beginning of the passage? 

1. A musical show 

2. A birthday 

3. A laughter show

4. A wedding

Comprehension:

Read the given passage and answer the questions that follow

You go up a dark, rickety stairwell of a building on a crowded street in Calcutta. You enter a small room. The centre of the room is empty but the corners are stacked with bedrolls, utensils and water bottles. Musical instruments, drums, cymbals and gongs are piled in a corner. Today, the room is filled with the laughter of men and women in colourful attire. Among the happy chorus of congratulations and laughter, the bride Chumki Pal and the groom Sandeep can be seen smiling. They are both blind, as are most of the people surrounding them. Pal is wearing a bright turquoise blue sari. “I know it’s blue because people have told me but I can’t imagine how it looks. But believe me, when I dream, I dream only in colours,” she says. Their romance blossomed when they met as members of Blind Opera, the only one of its kind in the country as well as in Asia

The 36 spirited members of Blind Opera demonstrate that physical disability is not an obstacle. They enact plays by Rabindranath Tagore, considered challenging even by veteran theatre groups. Blind Opera was launched in 1996 by four theatre aficionados, who took it as a challenge to get together the talents of these visually impaired people. The challenge to present the cast on stage is immense since space management is a problem. To solve this, the directors use ropes to separate the stage and the wings. When the actors step on the rope they know that it is the entrance to the stage. The members cannot see, but they can smell, hear and touch – three elements inherent to any theatre. At Blind Opera, they “believe that the blind can see. That is, they see in their own way, if not in our way, with the help of these abilities.” 

For the visually impaired, theatre is the medium for expression of their creative urges. They respond instinctively; they cannot copy anyone else because they cannot see. Their body language tells the story and hence it is very spontaneous. The members have earned kudos from Calcutta audiences. For the members of the troupe, discovering the language of the body is in a way also a journey of the persona. Coming from diverse backgrounds but bound together by the same disability, they have found an outlet for their creativity through the plays. They do not feel isolated anymore because they can relate to their fellow performers. There is also a greater purpose behind it: to use theatre to build a community and mainstream the huge number of disabled living in isolation. Together they can be a force to demand better facilities in public life. Blind children should enter the mainstream from the beginning. The big dream of the group is to establish a drama school following the ideal of Tagore’s Shantiniketan, offering a platform for creative expression to all those who are economically and socially forced to stay in the periphery. Like Chumki Pal, they all dream in colour

Question:

The greater intent behind Blind Opera is to: 

1. establish a drama school on the lines of Shantiniketan 

2. bring the disabled into the mainstream

3. showcase the talent of the visually challenged 

4. popularise the plays of Rabindranath Tagore

Comprehension:

Read the given passage and answer the questions that follow

You go up a dark, rickety stairwell of a building on a crowded street in Calcutta. You enter a small room. The centre of the room is empty but the corners are stacked with bedrolls, utensils and water bottles. Musical instruments, drums, cymbals and gongs are piled in a corner. Today, the room is filled with the laughter of men and women in colourful attire. Among the happy chorus of congratulations and laughter, the bride Chumki Pal and the groom Sandeep can be seen smiling. They are both blind, as are most of the people surrounding them. Pal is wearing a bright turquoise blue sari. “I know it’s blue because people have told me but I can’t imagine how it looks. But believe me, when I dream, I dream only in colours,” she says. Their romance blossomed when they met as members of Blind Opera, the only one of its kind in the country as well as in Asia

The 36 spirited members of Blind Opera demonstrate that physical disability is not an obstacle. They enact plays by Rabindranath Tagore, considered challenging even by veteran theatre groups. Blind Opera was launched in 1996 by four theatre aficionados, who took it as a challenge to get together the talents of these visually impaired people. The challenge to present the cast on stage is immense since space management is a problem. To solve this, the directors use ropes to separate the stage and the wings. When the actors step on the rope they know that it is the entrance to the stage. The members cannot see, but they can smell, hear and touch – three elements inherent to any theatre. At Blind Opera, they “believe that the blind can see. That is, they see in their own way, if not in our way, with the help of these abilities.” 

For the visually impaired, theatre is the medium for expression of their creative urges. They respond instinctively; they cannot copy anyone else because they cannot see. Their body language tells the story and hence it is very spontaneous. The members have earned kudos from Calcutta audiences. For the members of the troupe, discovering the language of the body is in a way also a journey of the persona. Coming from diverse backgrounds but bound together by the same disability, they have found an outlet for their creativity through the plays. They do not feel isolated anymore because they can relate to their fellow performers. There is also a greater purpose behind it: to use theatre to build a community and mainstream the huge number of disabled living in isolation. Together they can be a force to demand better facilities in public life. Blind children should enter the mainstream from the beginning. The big dream of the group is to establish a drama school following the ideal of Tagore’s Shantiniketan, offering a platform for creative expression to all those who are economically and socially forced to stay in the periphery. Like Chumki Pal, they all dream in colour

Question:

The members of Blind Opera demonstrate that: 

1. blindness is a great hindrance 

2. physical disability is not an obstacle 

3. their talent cannot be tapped

4. the visually challenged lack expression 

6 Sentences of a paragraph are given below in jumbled order. Arrange the sentences in the correct order to form a meaningful and coherent paragraph.

A. She hugged my mom and almost screamed when she saw me.

B. It was a long ride before we finally reached.

C. A plump, over excited woman greeted us at the door.

D. Apparen

1. DACB 

2. CABD 

3. BCAD

4. ADBC 

The following sentence has been split into four segments. Identify the segment that contains a grammatical error.

His son-in-laws / have enhanced / his business / within a short period.

1. His son-in-laws 

2. his business 

3. within a short period

4. have enhanced 

 Select the most appropriate ANTONYM of the given word.

Indigenous 

1. Alien

2. Primitive

3. Natural 

4. Innate

Select the option that expresses the given sentence in reported speech.

The captain announced, “The flight will be delayed due to bad weather.”

1. The captain announced that the flight would be delay due to bad weather. 

2. The captain announced that the flight would be delayed due to bad weather. 

3. The captain announced that the fight was delayed due to bad weather. 

4. The captain announced that the flight will be delayed due to bad weather. 

Select the most appropriate option to fill in the blank.

Have you ______ with the difficulties you might have to face? 

1. pondered 

2. considered 

3. discussed 

4. reckoned

Select the option that expresses the given sentence in passive voice.

Have you placed an order for a cake? 

1. Have an order for a cake been placed by you? 

2. Is an order for a cake being placed by you? 

3. Has an order for a cake been placed by you? 

4. Was an order for a cake placed by you?

Select the option that will improve the underlined part of the given sentence.

In case no improvement is needed, select 'No improvement required'. Is this the same book like our teacher recommended? 

1. same book as 

2. same book who 

3. similar book that

4. No improvement required

Select the most appropriate meaning of the given idiom.

To rise like a phoenix

1. To behave like a royal

2. To set on fire 

3. To emerge with a new life 

4. To be modest

Select the most appropriate ANTONYM of the given word.

Thwart

1. Appoint 

2. Oppose 

3. Obstruct 

4. Allow 

Select the option that will improve the underlined part of the given sentence. In case no improvement is needed, select 'No improvement required'.

The show flopped miserably to the utter disappointment of everybody. 

1. for the utter 

2. No improvement required 

3. at an utter

4. by the utterly

Sentences of a paragraph are given below in jumbled order. Arrange the sentences in the correct order to form a meaningful and coherent paragraph.

A. Now, I was shining from top to toe and felt proud of my form.

B. Finally, I was ready to leave the factory for my new home.

C. Then the painter set about rubbing me vigorously and polishing me.

D. A busy carpenter at last gave finishing touches to me. 

1.  ADBC 

2. DACB 

3. DCAB 

4. ACDB

Select the option that expresses the given sentence in direct speech.

The actor said that what he did in films was something he had never attempted in real life.

1. The actor said, “What I do in films is something I have never attempted in real life.”

2. The actor said, “What he did in films was something he had never attempted in real life.”

3. The actor said, “What I am doing in films is something I have never attempted in real life.” 

4. The actor said, “What he did in films is something he has never attempted in real life.”

Select the option that expresses the given sentence in direct speech.

Mother said that when we pluck a flower it dies so we should let it beautify the world as long as it lives. 

1. Mother said, “When we pluck a flower it dies so you should let it beautify the world as long as it lived.”

2. Mother said, “When we plucked a flower it died so we should let it beautify the world as long as it lived.” 

3. Mother says, “When we pluck a flower it dies so we should let it beautify the world as long as it lives.” 

4. Mother said, “When we pluck a flower it dies so we should let it beautify the world as long as it lives.” 

Select the most appropriate option to fill in the blank.

In the absence of the Principal, the Vice- Principal ______ for him. 

1. deputes 

2. replaces 

3. officiates

4. exchanges

Select the option that expresses the given sentence in active voice.

Walking zones have been demarcated using paints and cones by the municipal corporation.

1. Walking zones are demarcating the municipal corporation using paints and cones. 

2. The municipal corporation is demarcating walking zones using paints and cones. 

3. The municipal corporation has demarcated walking zones using paints and cones. 

4. The municipal corporation will demarcate walking zones using paints and cones.

Select the option that expresses the given sentence in active voice.

All previous ages are far surpassed in knowledge by our age. 

1. Our age far surpassed all previous ages in knowledge. 

2. Our age is far surpassing all previous ages in knowledge. 

3. Our age will far surpasses all previous ages in knowledge.

4. Our age far surpasses all previous ages in knowledge. 

Select the option that expresses the given sentence in reported speech.

The children said to the nurse, “Reema slipped and fell from the stairs.” 

1. The children told the nurse Reema has slipped and fallen from the stairs. 

2. The children told the nurse that Reema had slipped and fallen from the stairs.

3. The children told to the nurse that Reema slipped and fallen from the stairs. 

4. The children told the nurse that Reema slipped and fell from the stairs.

 Select the option that will improve the underlined part of the given sentence. In case no improvement is needed, select 'No improvement required'.

The news about the surge in Covid-19 cases is broadcasted every morning.

1. are broadcasted 

2. are broadcast 

3. is broadcast 

4. No improvement required

Select the option that expresses the given sentence in reported speech.

The teacher says, “Every action has an equal and opposite reaction.”

1. The teacher says every action had an equal and opposite reaction.

2. The teacher said that every action has an equal and opposite reaction. 

3. The teacher said that every action had an equal and opposite reaction. 

4. The teacher says that every action has an equal and opposite reaction. 

The following sentence has been split into four segments. Identify the segment that contains a grammatical error.

The strain caused by / the difficulties and anxieties / were more than / she could bear. 

1. the difficulties and anxieties 

2. were more than 

3. she could bear 

4. The strain caused by

Select the most appropriate meaning of the given idiom.

To turn the corner

1. To go back to the past 

2. To pass the critical stage 

3. To wait for an opportunity 

4. To change one’s goal

The following sentence has been split into four segments. Identify the segment that contains a grammatical error.

The manager / took him / at task / for his negligence. 

1. for his negligence 

2. took him 

3. The manager 

4. at task

Select the most appropriate synonym of the given word.

Penalise

1. Praise 

2. Punish 

3. Pretend

4. Protect

Sentences of a paragraph are given below in jumbled order. Arrange the sentences in the correct order to form a meaningful and coherent paragraph.

A. The promotion of congenial relationship at all levels of the staff leads to prosperity of the organisation.

B. Better skills increase the working capacity of employees by promoting better work habits.

C. This includes multiplication of knowledge and development of their skills.

D. Efficient management aims at qualitative improvement of its employees

1. DCBA 

2. DABC 

3. DCAB 

4. DBAC

Select the option that expresses the given sentence in direct speech.

My sister suggested that we go for a walk in the fresh air

1. My sister said, “We shall go for a walk in the fresh air.” 

2. My sister said, “Let me go for a walk in the fresh air.” 

3. My sister said, “Go for a walk in the fresh air.” 

4. My sister said, “Let us go for a walk in the fresh air.”

The following sentence has been split into four segments. Identify the segment that contains a grammatical error.

The city turned out / to be very / different to what / he had expected.

1. different to what 

2. he had expected 

3. The city turned out

4. to be very

Select the option that will improve the underlined part of the given sentence. In case no improvement is needed, select 'No improvement required'.

The teacher found it difficult to exceed on the students’ request. 

1. exceed for 

2. No improvement required 

3. accede by 

4. accede to

The following sentence has been split into four segments. Identify the segment that contains a grammatical error.

I will spend / my rest of remaining / life in my / native village. 

1. my rest of remaining 

2. life in my

3. native village 

4. I will spend

Select the most appropriate meaning of the given idiom.

To read between the lines

1. To criticise the writer’s style 

2. To understand the implied meaning 

3. To interrupt someone while reading 

4. To read each line carefully

Select the option that expresses the given sentence in passive voice.

Give her a 50% raise in salary

1. She should give a 50% raise in salary. 

2. Let her being given a 50% raise in salary. 

3. She should have given a 50% raise in salary.

4. Let her be given a 50% raise in salary. 

Sentences of a paragraph are given below in jumbled order. Arrange the sentences in the correct order to form a meaningful and coherent paragraph.

A. Some of these attachments can be quite cumbersome to use.

B. Appliances like food processors come with a load of attachments.

C. But, finding the right blade and fixing it in the right slot can be quite a job.

D. For each different vegetable, you need to fix a different blade. 

1. DACB 

2. BADC

3. BDAC 

4. DCAB 

Select the option that expresses the given sentence in direct speech.

My friend asked me where I planned to go for a vacation. 

1. My friend said to me, “Where have you planned to go for a vacation?”

2. My friend said to me, “Where do you plan to go for a vacation?” 

3. My friend said to me, “Where are you planning to go for a vacation?”

4. My friend said to me, “Where you have planned to go for a vacation?” 

Select the option that expresses the given sentence in direct speech.

Raza requested his parents to forgive him that time and promised never to play truant again. 

1. Raza said to his parents, “Please forgive me that time. I promise to never play truant again.” 

2. Raza said to his parents, “Forgive me that time. I promise I would never play truant again.” 

3. Raza said to his parents, “Forgive me this time. I promised never to play truant again.” 

4. Raza said to his parents, “Please forgive me this time. I promise never to play truant again.”

Select the option that expresses the given sentence in passive voice.

The commanding officer ordered the troops to march ahead.

1. The troops were being ordered to march ahead by the commanding officer.

2. The troops are ordered to march ahead by the commanding officer. 

3. The troops were ordered to march ahead by the commanding officer. 

4. The troops have been ordered to march ahead by the commanding officer.

Sentences of a paragraph are given below in jumbled order. Arrange the sentences in the correct order to form a meaningful and coherent paragraph.

A. Suddenly, a motor bike came towards me from the opposite direction.

B. The consequence of my daredevilry was a sprained ankle and a bruised arm.

C. I was enjoying my hands-free ride at top speed.

D. I tried to swerve out of the way but lost control and fell.

1.  BCDA 

2. CBDA 

3. CADB 

4. BADC 

Select the option that can be used as a one-word substitute for the given group of words.

Only on the surface of something

1. Supercilious 

2. Superficial

3. Superseding 

4. Superlative

Select the option that expresses the given sentence in direct speech.

Her parents asked her if the match proposed by them would be acceptable to her.

1.  Her parents said to her, “Will the match proposed by us be acceptable to you?”

2. Her parents said to her, “Was the match proposed by them acceptable to her?” 

3. Her parents said her, “Would the match proposed by them be acceptable to her?”

4. Her parents said her, “Will the match proposed by us be acceptable to you?” 

Select the option that can be used as a one-word substitute for the given group of words.

Strong dislike between two persons

1. Rivalry

2. Antipathy

3. Tolerance 

4. Adoration

Sentences of a paragraph are given below in jumbled order. Arrange the sentences in the correct order to form a meaningful and coherent paragraph.

A. “How do you manage to complete so much work?” he asked the student.

B. Looking at the huge pile of books on a student’s desk, a man said, “What a burden, my son! I pity you.”

C. “I focus on only one lesson at a time,” the student further added.

D. “I don’t think of all the work I have to do,” answered the student. 

1. BADC 

2. ACDB 

3. ACBD 

4. BDAC

Select the segment in which a word has been INCORRECTLY used.

Is the Abominable Snowman a friction of the mountaineers’ imagination?

1. imagination 

2. of the mountaineers’ 

3. a friction 

4. Is the Abominable Snowman

Select the option that will improve the underlined part of the given sentence. In case no improvement is needed, select 'No improvement required'.

Do I need finish this work today itself?

1. No improvement required 

2. Need I 

3. Do I must 

4. Must I to

Select the option that can be used as a one-word substitute for the given group of words.

A decision on which one cannot go back

1. Irrevocable 

2. Improbable 

3. Incredible 

4. Incorrigible

Select the option that expresses the given sentence in reported speech.

The old man said, “I was walking in my garden at six o’clock.”

1. The old man said that I was been walking in my garden at six o’clock.

2. The old man said that I had been walking in my garden at six o’clock.

3. The old man said that he had been walking in his garden at six o’clock.

4. The old man said that he was walking in his garden at six o’clock

The following sentence has been split into four segments. Identify the segment that contains a grammatical error.

You should / avail this opportunity / to demonstrate / your skills

1. avail this opportunity

2. to demonstrate 

3. your skills 

4. You should

Select the option that expresses the given sentence in reported speech.

The librarian said, “Let no student be issued a book till next week.” 

1. The librarian said that no student will be issued a book till the following week. 

2. The librarian said that no student is to be issued a book till next week. 

3. The librarian said that let no student be issued a book till next week. 

4. The librarian said that no student was to be issued a book till the following week.

Select the option that will improve the underlined part of the given sentence. In case no improvement is needed, select 'No improvement required'.

He felt dejected but the feeling passed out in a minute.

1. No improvement required 

2. passed back 

3. passed on

4. passed off

Select the option that will improve the underlined part of the given sentence. In case no improvement is needed, select 'No improvement required'.

He was knowing her for a long time before he finally married her. 

1. had knew 

2. had known 

3. has been knowing 

4. No improvement required

Select the option that expresses the given sentence in direct speech.

The commander ordered the soldiers to march ahead and not to think of their enemy’s large numbers.

1. The commander said to the soldiers, “March ahead. Do not think of their enemy’s large numbers.”

2. The commander said to the soldiers, “March ahead and not think of their enemy’s large numbers.”

3. The commander said to the soldiers, “March ahead. Do not think of your enemy’s large numbers.” 

4. The commander said to the soldiers, “Please march ahead. Do not think of your enemy’s large numbers.”

Select the most appropriate meaning of the given idiom.

To meet one’s Waterloo

1. To meet a friend 

2. To experience defeat 

3. To make a foolish choice

4. To win a match

Select the most appropriate meaning of the given idiom.

To have an axe to grind

1. To have adequate means of subsistence

2. To have an indomitable task to accomplish 

3. To have a selfish motive in doing something 

4. To have access to top levels of authority

Select the most appropriate synonym of the given word.

Judicious

1. Graceful 

2. Thoughtful 

3. Beautiful

4. Plentiful

Select the option that expresses the given sentence in active voice.

Absolute liberty is enjoyed by us in matters of food and dress

1. We have enjoyed absolute liberty in matters of food and dress. 

2. We will enjoy absolute liberty in matters of food and dress.

3. We enjoy absolute liberty in matters of food and dress. 

4. We are enjoying absolute liberty in matters of food and dress.

Sentences of a paragraph are given below in jumbled order. Arrange the sentences in the correct order to form a meaningful and coherent paragraph.

A. In fact he began his career as a peon in a small firm.

B. Before he joined us as the accounts officer, he was a junior clerk.

C. He learnt typing, accounting and even graduated.

D. But he gradually improved his qualifications.

1.  BADC

2. BCDA

3. CDAB

4. CBAD

Select the option that expresses the given sentence in passive voice.

You must sign the contract before you start working. 

1. The contract must being signed by you before you start working. 

2. The contract will be signed by you before you start working. 

3. The contract has been signed by you before you start working. 

4. The contract must be signed by you before you start working.

Select the option that can be used as a one-word substitute for the given group of words.

An entertainer who performs difficult physical feats

1. Archer

2. Acrobat 

3. Artisan

4. Artist

Select the option that will improve the underlined part of the given sentence. In case no improvement is needed, select 'No improvement required'.

It is I who am responsible for the success of the organisation.

1. It is me who am 

2. No improvement required 

3. It is me that is 

4. It is I which is

Select the most appropriate synonym of the given word. Sequestered

1. Secluded

2. Polished 

3. Frequented 

4. Decorated

Sentences of a paragraph are given below in jumbled order. Arrange the sentences in the correct order to form a meaningful and coherent paragraph.

A. My father is the only breadwinner in the family.

B. My mother happily lends a helping hand in his hard work.

C. I belong to a family where it is difficult to make both ends meet.

D. He earns a rather meagre amount, working as a mason.

1. CBDA

2. ABCD 

3. CADB 

4. ACBD

Sentences of a paragraph are given below in jumbled order. Arrange the sentences in the correct order to form a meaningful and coherent paragraph.

A. This usually results from a conviction on the part of the worker that the boss is genuinely interested in his growth and development.

B. More attention should be paid to make this contact constructive and productive.

C. The most vital spot in management is the contact between the workers and the boss.

D. Constructive conditions prevail when mutual confidence and respect exists between the supervisor and the supervised. 

1. CBDA 

2. DBCA 

3. CADB 

4. DABC

Select the option that will improve the underlined part of the given sentence. In case no improvement is needed, select 'No improvement required'.

The magistrate acquitted him of all charges and set him free.

1. atoned him from 

2. No improvement required

3. accused him for 

4. apprehended him in

Sentences of a paragraph are given below in jumbled order. Arrange the sentences in the correct order to form a meaningful and coherent paragraph.

A. And that something in her lifted her to the world number one position in tennis in 2005.

B. But all this happened in almost no time.

C. It took Maria just four years as a professional to reach the pinnacle.

D. There is something disarming about Maria Sharapova. 

1. DABC 

2. ABCD

3. CBAD 

4. BCDA

The following sentence has been split into four segments. Identify the segment that contains a grammatical error.

Your name / precedes before / mine / in the list.

1. mine 

2. in the list 

3. Your name 

4. precedes before

The following sentence has been split into four segments. Identify the segment that contains a grammatical error.

The girl lay down / on the bed / besides her mother / and went to sleep. 

1. and went to sleep 

2. besides her mother 

3. on the bed

4. The girl lay down

Sentences of a paragraph are given below in jumbled order. Arrange the sentences in the correct order to form a meaningful and coherent paragraph.

A. Expert designers standardise basic designs, leaving scope for the satisfaction of individual taste.

B. However, uniformity does not imply lack of taste.

C. Mechanical production of goods leads to uniformity of design.

D. In fact, popular taste has improved because standardised goods of better design are now accessible. 

1.  ADBC 

2. CBDA 

3. ACDB

4. CDAB

Select the option that expresses the given sentence in reported speech.

She said to her mother, “May I have another slice of cake?”

1. She asked her mother that may I have another slice of cake. 

2. She asked her mother if she might have another slice of cake. 

3. She asked her mother if she may have another slice of cake.

4. She asked her mother that may she have another slice of cake.

The following sentence has been split into four segments. Identify the segment that contains a grammatical error.

If you have / remained calm / you could have / saved the situation.

1. remained calm 

2. If you have

3.  you could have 

4. saved the situation

The following sentence has been split into four segments.  Identify the segment that contains a grammatical error. 

Scarcely had I / started reading / the paper / then the doorbell rang. 

1.  Scarcely had I

2. started reading

3. the paper 

4. then the doorbell rang

The following sentence has been split into four segments. Identify the segment that contains a grammatical error.

He often / persists to ask / awkward questions / at the board meetings. 

1. awkward questions

2. persists to ask 

3. at the board meetings 

4. He often 

4 Select the option that will improve the underlined part of the given sentence. In case no improvement is needed, select 'No improvement required'.

Not only the workmen but also the supervisor was suspended for negligence. 

1. was suspend 

2. have been suspended 

3. were suspended

4. No improvement required

Select the option that expresses the given sentence in direct speech.

Smriti greeted me and asked me where I was working then. 

1. Smriti said to me, “Hello! Where you are working now?” 

2. Smriti said to me, “Hello! Where I was working then?” 

3. Smriti said to me, “Hello! Where are you working now?” 

4. Smriti said to me, “Hello! Where were you working then?”

 Sentences of a paragraph are given below in jumbled order. Arrange the sentences in the correct order to form a meaningful and coherent paragraph.

A. The first is far more real than the second.

B. But, a person who enjoys long distance popularity succeeds in creating a favourable notion of himself among unknown people.

C. An intimately popular person is liked by those who know him.

D. There are two kinds of popularity - intimate and long distance popularity. 

1. DCAB

2. CABD

3. CBDA 

4. DACB

Select the option that can be used as a one-word substitute for the given group of words.

A long wooden seat with a back for people to sit on in a church

1.  Altar

2. Pulpit 

3. Pew 

4. Aisle

Select the option that expresses the given sentence in reported speech.

She said, “I wish I could fly like a butterfly!” 

1. She wished that I could fly like a butterfly.

2. She exclaimed that could she fly like a butterfly. 

3. She wished that she could fly like a butterfly. 

4. She exclaimed that she would fly like a butterfly

Sentences of a paragraph are given below in jumbled order. Arrange the sentences in the correct order to form a meaningful and coherent paragraph.

A. There are others who claim that they have never been so well connected.

B. However, such social networking sites help us to keep in touch with old friends or make new ones.

C. Whether or not Facebook friendships are lasting is debatable.

D. Some people believe that real friendships are collapsing in modern times. 

1. DACB 

2. CBAD 

3. DBCA 

4. CDBA

Select the option that expresses the given sentence in reported speech.

Harsh said, “How happy I am to receive the best student award!”

1. Harsh exclaimed with joy that he was very happy to receive the best student award. 

2. Harsh exclaimed happily that he was receiving the best student award. 

3. Harsh exclaimed with joy that how happy he was to receive the best student award. 

4. Harsh exclaimed happily that I am very happy to receive the best student award.

Select the option that expresses the given sentence in reported speech.

The investigator asked me, “Did you see or hear anything in the dead of night?” 

1. The investigator asked me if I see or hear anything in the dead of night. 

2. The investigator asked me that if I had seen or heard anything in the dead of night. 

3. The investigator asked me if I saw or heard anything in the dead of night. 

4. The investigator asked me if I had seen or heard anything in the dead of night.

Select the INCORRECTLY spelt word.

1. Accumulate 

2. Occasion

3. Remittance 

4. Neccessary

Select the option that will improve the underlined part of the given sentence. In case no improvement is needed, select 'No improvement required'.

The soldiers would not have surrendered if they not ran out of ammunition.

1. had not run out 

2. did not ran out 

3. No improvement required 

4. do not run out 

Select the option that will improve the underlined part of the given sentence. In case no improvement is needed, select 'No improvement required'.

It is the true fact that the second wave of Covid-19 that has gripped India is more deadly. 

1.  a real fact 

2. a fact 

3. the correct fact 

4. No improvement required

Select the most appropriate option to fill in the blank.

He was ______ at his brother’s refusal to help him financially. 

1. indignant

2. indicted 

3. enchanted 

4. enamoured

Sentences of a paragraph are given below in jumbled order. Arrange the sentences in the correct order to form a meaningful and coherent paragraph.

A. Most of these superpowers are not rich in natural resources and have faced political turmoil.

B. Human capital ultimately makes the difference, both, in an enterprise and a nation.

C. The new economic superpowers of today amply testify this thesis.

D. Yet, they have achieved economic affluence in a relatively short period

1. ADBC 

2. ACDB 

3. BCAD 

4. BCDA

Select the most appropriate option to fill in the blank.

The more he tried to solve the mystery, the more _________ he felt.

1. confusing

2. callous

3. humbled 

4. perplexed

Select the segment in which a word has been INCORRECTLY used.

The children were so exhausted that they sank warily into bed.

1. were so exhausted 

2. warily into bed

3. that they sank

4. The children

Select the option that can be used as a one-word substitute for the given group of words.

Study of diseases

1. Anthology 

2. Pathology 

3. Neurology 

4. Etymology

Select the option that will improve the underlined part of the given sentence. In case no improvement is needed, select 'No improvement required'.

These shoes are cheap as well durable. 

1. neither cheaper nor durable

2. No improvement required 

3. both cheap and durable 

4. more cheaper than durable

Select the option that expresses the given sentence in active voice. A defamation case is being filed by him against his business partner. 

1. He has filed a defamation case against his business partner. 

2. He has been filing a defamation case against his business partner.

3. He is filing a defamation case against his business partner.

4. His business partner is filing a defamation case against him.

Select the option that expresses the given sentence in passive voice. What did you do to help the migrant labourers during the pandemic? 

1. What is done by you to help the migrant labourers during the pandemic?

2. What was being done by you to help the migrant labourers during the pandemic?

3. What has been done by you to help the migrant labourers during the pandemic?

4. What was done by you to help the migrant labourers during the pandemic?

Select the option that expresses the given sentence in active voice.

May you be blessed with health and happiness! 

1. You may bless with health and happiness. 

2. May health and happiness be blessed by you! 

3. May health and happiness bless you! 

4. May God bless you with health and happiness!

The following sentence has been split into four segments. Identify the segment that contains a grammatical error.

This renowned / university provide / research opportunities / for students.

1. research opportunities

2. for students

3. university provide 

4. This renowned

Select the option that expresses the given sentence in active voice.

Enough money will have been saved by me for a new house by next year 

1.  I will be saving enough money for a new house by next year. 

2. I will save enough money for a new house by next year. 

3. I will have saved enough money for a new house by next year. 

4. I will have been saving enough money for a new house by next year. 

Select the option that can be used as a one-word substitute for the given group of words.

Central character in a story or play

1. Emulator 

2. Protagonist

3. Adversary 

4. Contender

Select the option that expresses the given sentence in active voice.

Let these ancient texts be preserved for posterity. 

1. You must preserve these ancient texts for posterity. 

2. Let us preserve these ancient texts for posterity. 

3. Let these ancient texts preserve us for posterity.

4. We have to preserve these ancient texts for posterity. 

 Select the option that will improve the underlined part of the given sentence. In case no improvement is needed, select 'No improvement required'.

The shopkeeper was obliged to dispense to the service of his salesman. 

1. by the services 

2. No improvement required

3. away the service 

4. with the services

Select the option that expresses the given sentence in reported speech.

The old man said to her, “Good luck to you! May you succeed in your venture!”

1. The old man wished you good luck and prayed that you might succeed in your venture. 

2. The old man wished her good luck and prayed that she might succeed in her venture.

3. The old man exclaimed good luck to you and wished that she may succeed in her venture. 

4. The old man told her good luck and prayed that may she succeed in her venture. 

The following sentence has been split into four segments. Identify the segment that contains a grammatical error.

This dog seems / to be very ferocious, / otherwise, / it is harmless. 

1. it is harmless 

2. otherwise

3. to be very ferocious

4. This dog seems

Select the option that will improve the underlined part of the given sentence. In case no improvement is needed, select 'No improvement required'.

The doors and windows will have painted by afternoon. 

1. No improvement required

2. would been painted

3. will be painting 

4. will have been painted

The following sentence has been split into four segments. Identify the segment that contains a grammatical error.

We yet / have time / to catch / the bus.

1. the bus 

2. We yet

3. have time

4. to catch

Sentences of a paragraph are given below in jumbled order. Arrange the sentences in the correct order to form a meaningful and coherent paragraph.

A. The sand is so hot that you cannot walk over it in the day time.

B. Here, there is nothing but sand and rock.

C. A great part of Arabia is a desert.

D. However, there are springs of water but these are few and far apart. 

1. CABD 

2. ACDB 

3. CBAD 

4. BDCA

Select the option that can be used as a one-word substitute for the given group of words.

No longer in use

1. Obsolete 

2. Obscure 

3. Original

4. Oriental

Select the most appropriate meaning of the given idiom.

To hit below the belt

1. To attack in an unfair manner 

2. To attack after warning 

3. To hit someone boldly 

4. To hit off the mark

Select the option that can be used as a one-word substitute for the given group of words.

To free from restraint

1. Subjugate

2. Emancipate 

3. Escalate

4. Validate

The following sentence has been split into four segments. Identify the segment that contains a grammatical error.

The allies / of the government / decided to / withdrew all support. 

1.  withdrew all support 

2. of the government 

3. The allies 

4. decided to

Sentences of a paragraph are given below in jumbled order. Arrange the sentences in the correct order to form a meaningful and coherent paragraph.

A. Arrogance inflames prejudice and hatred, but humble speech soothes.

B. Humility is the quality of being courteously respectful of others.

C. It is the opposite of arrogance, aggressiveness and vanity.

D. Thus, a humble demeanour is what is required to live in peace.

1. BCAD 

2. ACBD

3. CADB 

4. DACB

Select the option that expresses the given sentence in direct speech.

The teacher ordered the students to go straight to their classrooms

1. Go straight to your classrooms,” the teacher said to the students. 

2. “Go straight to their classrooms,” the teacher said to the students. 

3. The teacher said to the students, “Please go straight to your classrooms.”

4. The teacher said, “Students, to go straight to their classrooms.” 

The following sentence has been split into four segments. Identify the segment that contains a grammatical error.

Have you / ever spoke / to anyone / about your problems?

1. to anyone

2. Have you 

3. ever spoke 

4. about your problems

Sentences of a paragraph are given below in jumbled order. Arrange the sentences in the correct order to form a meaningful and coherent paragraph.

A. He stamped them mechanically and returned them to us.

B. They had information that large sums of money were being smuggled out of the country.

C. No sooner had he left than the custom officers entered.

D. An official entered our train compartment and asked for passports. 

1. CBDA 

2. ACBD 

3. DACB 

4. DCBA

Select the option that expresses the given sentence in passive voice.

The audience is applauding the wonderful performance. 

1. The wonderful audience is being applauded by the performance. 

2. The wonderful performance was being applauded by the audience. 

3. The wonderful performance is being applauded by the audience.

4. The wonderful performance is applauded by the audience. 

Select the option that expresses the given sentence in active voice.

Were you sent summons by the court? 

1. Is the court sending you summons?

2. Will the court send you summons? 

3. Has the court sent you summons? 

4. Did the court send you summons?

Select the option that will improve the underlined part of the given sentence. In case no improvement is needed, select 'No improvement required'.

Unless we are not sure of our goals, we cannot achieve them. 

1. Except if we are not sure 

2. Not until we are sure 

3. No improvement required 

4. Unless we are sure

The following sentence has been split into four segments. Identify the segment that contains a grammatical error.

The more harder / you work, / the better / it will be. 

1. The more harder 

2. you work 

3. it will be 

4. the better

Select the option that expresses the given sentence in passive voice. I could not use his laptop as it was password protected. 

1. His laptop has not been used by me as it is password protected.

2. His laptop cannot be used by me as it is password protected. 

3. His laptop could not been used by me as it was password protected. 

4. His laptop could not be used by me as it was password protected. 

Select the INCORRECTLY spelt word. 

1. Maintainence

2. Countenance 

3. Assistance 

4. Perseverance

Select the option that will improve the underlined part of the given sentence. In case no improvement is needed, select 'No improvement required'.

He denied if he had caused the accident.

1.  that he had 

2. of having 

3. No improvement required 

4. not to had

Sentences of a paragraph are given below in jumbled order. Arrange the sentences in the correct order to form a meaningful and coherent paragraph.

A. I felt embarrassed as if I was somehow responsible for the fire in our home.

B. In my case, it was no different.

C. It always happens that bad news travels quickly.

D. Everyone in high school was aware of my plight. 

1. ADBC 

2. CDAB 

3. ABCD 

4. CBDA

Select the option that will improve the underlined part of the given sentence. In case no improvement is needed, select 'No improvement required'.

It is time for the factory to being closed.

1. No improvement required 

2. for closing

3. should be closed 

4. to be closed

Select the option that will improve the underlined part of the given sentence. In case no improvement is needed, select 'No improvement required'.

Sal trees have been planted in relatively three-fourth of the forest area.

1. No improvement required 

2. about three-fourth 

3. around three-fourth 

4. nearly three-fourths

The following sentence has been split into four segments. Identify the segment that contains a grammatical error.

He was unable / to help me because / he had been failed / to arrange the money. 

1.  to help me because

2. he had been failed 

3. to arrange the money 

4. He was unable

Sentences of a paragraph are given below in jumbled order. Arrange the sentences in the correct order to form a meaningful and coherent paragraph.

A. His role also includes the smooth flow of goods from farms and factories to the consumer.

B. As the final link between the producer and the consumer, he plays a key role in the economy.

C. It is he who promotes or impedes the sale of products.

D. The retailer determines the final cost of a product.

1. BACD 

2. DCBA 

3. ABCD 

4. CABD

The following sentence has been split into four segments. Identify the segment that contains a grammatical error.

He went / to the bed / with a / slight fever.

1. slight fever

2. He went 

3. to the bed 

4. with a

 Select the option that expresses the given sentence in passive voice.

Do not touch any items displayed on glass shelves.

1. Any items displayed on glass shelves not be touched. 

2. Let any items displayed on glass shelves be touched. 

3. No items displayed on glass shelves should be touched. 

4. Any items displayed on glass shelves will not be touched. 

Sentences of a paragraph are given below in jumbled order. Arrange the sentences in the correct order to form a meaningful and coherent paragraph.

A. There are several factors that contribute to wisdom.

B. Doing this has become more difficult than before owing to the complexity of the specialised knowledge required.

C. This is the capacity to take account of all important factors in a problem and to attach to each its due weight.

D. Of these, I should put first a sense of proportion

1. ACBD

2. ADCB 

3. CDBA 

4. CBAD

Select the option that expresses the given sentence in active voice.

Efforts are being made by us to reduce crowding in core city areas.

1. We are making efforts to reduce crowding in core city areas. 

2. We were making efforts to reduce crowding in core city areas. 

3. We made efforts to reduce crowding in core city areas. 

4. We will be making efforts to reduce crowding in core city areas.

Select the option that expresses the given sentence in reported speech.

“Please lend me some money, Raman. I need it urgently,” said Sumesh. 

1. Sumesh requested Raman to lend me some money as I needed it urgently. 

2. Sumesh requested Raman please lend me some money as I need it urgently. 

3. Sumesh requested Raman to lend him some money as he needed it urgently. 

4. Sumesh requested to Raman to please lend him some money as he needed it urgently. 

Select the option that expresses the given sentence in direct speech.

The students asked how they would benefit from online classes.

1. The students said, “How will they be benefited from online classes?”

2. The students said, “How we would benefit from online classes?” 

3. The students said, “How they will benefit from online classes?” 

4. The students said, “How will we benefit from online classes?”

Select the most appropriate meaning of the given idiom.

Against one’s grain

1. Against the society 

2. Against the law 

3. Against one’s family 

4. Against one’s nature 

Select the option that can be used as a one-word substitute for the given group of words.

One who possesses several talents

1. Verbose 

2. Virtuous 

3. Virtual 

4. Versatile

Select the option that expresses the given sentence in active voice.

Elaborate plans are being made for Aarushi’s destination wedding. 

1. They are making elaborate plans for Aarushi’s destination wedding. 

2. They have been making elaborate plans for Aarushi’s destination wedding. 

3. They made elaborate plans for Aarushi’s destination wedding. 

4. They have made elaborate plans for Aarushi’s destination wedding.

The following sentence has been split into four segments. Identify the segment that contains a grammatical error.

Mr. Das, my friend / and Principal / of this college, / have retired.

1. of this college 

2. and Principal

3. Mr. Das, my friend 

4. have retired

Select the option that expresses the given sentence in direct speech.

Father told the children that there was some good news for them that day. 

1. Father said to the children, “There had been some good news for them that day.” 

2. Father said to the children, “There was some good news for you today.” 

3. Father said to the children, “There was some good news for them that day.” 

4. Father said to the children, “There is some good news for you today.”

Select the option that expresses the given sentence in passive voice.

Light the lamp of knowledge in every heart. 

1. Let the lamp of knowledge light in every heart. 

2. Let the lamp of knowledge be lighting every heart. 

3. Let the lamp of knowledge being lighted in every heart.

4. Let the lamp of knowledge be lit in every heart.

Select the option that expresses the given sentence in reported speech.

Harry said to me, “Don’t wear this expensive watch to school.” 

1. Harry told me that not to wear that expensive watch to school. 

2. Harry told me not to wear that expensive watch to school.

3. Harry told me that don’t wear that expensive watch to school. 

4. Harry told me to not wear this expensive watch to school. 

Select the option that expresses the given sentence in direct speech.

She asked if she could help him with his packing.

1. She said, “May I help you with your packing?” 

2. She said, “Can I help you with your packing?” 

3. She said, “Could I help him with your packing?” 

4. She said, “Should you help me with my packing?” 

Select the option that expresses the given sentence in direct speech.

The little boy asked his teacher if she had always been good as a child.

1. The little boy said to his teacher, “You have always been good as a child?” 

2. The little boy said to his teacher, “Are you always good as a child?” 

3. The little boy said to his teacher, “Ma’am, always you were good as a child?” 

4. The little boy said to his teacher, “Ma’am, were you always good as a child?”

Select the option that expresses the given sentence in reported speech.

She said, “It is my birthday next week.”

1. She said that my birthday was next week.

2. She said that it is my birthday the following week. 

3. She said that it was her birthday the following week.

4. She said that next week was her birthday.

Select the option that can be used as a one-word substitute for the given group of words.

Made of artificial substance or material 

1. Expensive 

2. Offensive 

3. Synthetic

4. Authentic

Select the segment in which a word has been INCORRECTLY used.

He had an amazing capacity to condone up the most delectable dishes at a short notice. 

1. capacity to condone up

2. the most delectable 

3. dishes at a short notice 

4. He had an amazing

Select the option that will improve the underlined part of the given sentence. In case no improvement is needed, select 'No improvement required'.

Megha’s habit of procrastination puts her colleagues on lot of trouble. 

1. to a lot of trouble 

2. into lot troubles 

3. No improvement required 

4. in lot of troubles

Select the option that will improve the underlined part of the given sentence. In case no improvement is needed, select 'No improvement required'.

The manager assured the employees that none of them will be dismiss. 

1. would be dismissed 

2. would have been dismissed 

3. No improvement required 

4. is being dismiss

Select the most appropriate ANTONYM of the given word.

Remorse 

1. Sorrow 

2. Regret 

3. Empathy 

4. Satisfaction

Select the option that expresses the given sentence in reported speech.

The Chief Minister said, “All exams shall be cancelled this year.”

1. The Chief Minister said that all exams should be cancelled this year. 

2. The Chief Minister says that all exams shall be cancelled this year. 

3. The Chief Minister said that all exams would be cancelled that year. 

4. The Chief Minister said that all exams should have been cancelled that year.

6 Select the most appropriate meaning of the given idiom.

Keep your head

1. Remain calm 

2. Be furious 

3. Respect yourself 

4. Protect yourself 

Select the most appropriate meaning of the given idiom.

A square deal 

1. An advantageous deal 

2. A fair and honest deal 

3. A false claim

4. An unfruitful plan

Select the option that expresses the given sentence in passive voice.

People write autobiographies for various reasons.

1. Autobiographies have been written by people for various reasons. 

2. Autobiographies were written by people for various reasons.

3. Autobiographies are written by people for various reasons. 

4. Autobiographies are being written by people for various reasons

Select the option that will improve the underlined part of the given sentence. In case no improvement is needed, select 'No improvement required'.

Unless you carry a Covid-19 negative report, you can travel by air.

1. Provided

2. Only 

3. Until 

4. No improvement required

Select the most appropriate option to fill in the blank.

The workers ______ against the new labour laws.

1. opposed 

2. implicated 

3. remonstrated

4. dissented