Explanation:

• Statements 1 and 2 are correct. The Supreme Court has criticized the lack of a proper mechanism for collecting fines under Section 15 of the Environment (Protection) Act, 1986, which has contributed to the ineffective handling of stubble burning. The Supreme Court has stated that the ongoing issue of stubble burning violates citizens' fundamental right to live in a pollution-free environment, as guaranteed under Article 21 of the Constitution. 

• Statement 3 is incorrect. Article 48A, which is part of the Directive Principles of State Policy, explicitly directs the state to protect and improve the environment and safeguard forests and wildlife.

Hence option 2nd is correct.