Explanation:

Sangama Dynasty(1336-1485):

The Sangama dynasty was a Vijayanagara Empire dynasty founded by two brothers Harihara I(also known as Vira Harihara or Hakka Raya) and Bukka Raya I. 

• Harihara raya was first ruler. Vijayanagar and Bahamani conflict started during his times. Bukaraya ascended throne after harihara.
• Bukka’s son kamparaya annexed Madurai. This episode was written by Gangadevi(wife of kamparaya) as Madhuravijayam in Sanskrit. He captured revatidweepa(Goa). He created Pansupari bazaar in Hampi
• Bukaraya was succeeded by harihara 2 and later Devaraya came to power.
• Devaraya 1 was the first important king. He was the first to construct dam across river Tungabhadra
• Devarya 1 was defeated by Bahaman sultan Feroz shah 1.
• The greatest ruler of the Sangama dynasty was Deva Raya II. He inducted muslim archers into army. He was first vijayanagara ruler to collect tributes from cylon. After his death, Sangama dynasty became weak.
• The last king virupaksharaya was dethroned by his commander Saluva Narsimharaya 1, and he stared Saluva dynastic rule.

Saluva Dynasty(1485-1505):

• Narasimha raya 2 was the greatest in saluva dynasty.
• Annamcharaya lived during this time period.
• After the death of Narasimha 2, Narasa nayaka installed his son veeranarsimha on throne.
• Veeranarasimha started rule of Tuluva dynasty.

Tuluva Dynasty(1505-1570):

• After the death of Veeranarasimha , Prime Minister Thimmarasu installed Krishnadevaraya on throne.
• Krishnadevaraya (1509-1529)was the greatest in this dynasty.
• He was a great commander and an efficient administrator. He fought a series of war with the independent kingdoms that came on the ruins of the Bahamani kingdom, maintained law and order and dealt with the Portuguese influence in the Deccan.
• He completely shattered the Adil Shahi forces of Bijapur first and attacked Gulbarga and set free three Bahamani princes who were imprisoned there. He helped them in recovering the throne of Gulbarga and Krishna Deva himself took the title of Yavanarajya sthapanacharya.
• He started his eastern campaign in 1513AD.Udayagiri was the first fort to be captured by Krishnadevaraya. He defeated Prataparudra Gajapati of Orissa and got married to Gajapati princess Tukkadevi or Annapurnadevi.
• Raichur campaign in 1520 was his last campaign. He defeated Ismail Adil shah.
• He maintained friendly relations with Portuguese governor, Albuquerque whose ambassdar Friar Luis resided in Vijayanagar.
• He was a great patron of literature and art and he was known as Andhra Bhoja. Eight eminent scholars known as Ashtadiggajas were at his royal court.
• After his death, Achyutadeva and Sadashivraya succeeded the throne.
• During the reign of Rama Raya, the Bahaman confederacy (combined forces of Bijapur, Ahmadnagar, Golkonda and Bidar) defeated him(Ramaraya)  at the Battle of Talaikote in 1565.
• Rama Raya was imprisoned and executed. The city of Vijayanagar was destroyed. This battle was generally considered to mark the end of the Vijayanagar Empire.
• However, the Vijayanagar kingdom existed under the Aravidu dynasty for about another century.

Aravidu Dynasty(1570-1650):

It was the fourth and last Hindu dynasty which ruled Vijayanagara Empire. It was founded by Tirumala. His brother Rama Raya was the regent of Tuluva dynasty’s last king. He was killed during the battle of Talikota in 1565 AD.

Tirumala Deva Raya was also the son-in-law of Krishna Deva Raya. He re-founded the Vijaynagar kingdom in Penukonda, Andhra Pradesh. The kingdom was destroyed by the Muslim rulers following the battle of Talikonda.