Explanation:

Explanation: Article 89 of the Indian Constitution: The Chairman and the Deputy Chairman of the Council of States. 1. The Vice- President of India shall be the ex officio Chairman of the Council of States. 2. The Council of States shall, as soon as may be, choose a member of the Council to be the Deputy Chairman thereof and, so often as the office of the Deputy Chairman becomes vacant, the Council shall choose another member to be the Deputy Chairman thereof. Deputy Chairman of the Rajya Sabha: The Deputy Chairman is elected by the Rajya Sabha itself from amongst its members. Whenever the office of the Deputy Chairman falls vacant, the Rajya Sabha elects another member to fill the vacancy. The Deputy Chairman vacates his office in any of the following three cases: 1. If he ceases to be a member of the Rajya Sabha; 2. If he resigns by writing to the Chairman; and 3. If he is removed by a resolution passed by a majority of all the then members of the Rajya Sabha. Such a resolution can be moved only after giving a 14 days’ advance notice. The Deputy Chairman performs the duties of the Chairman’s office, when it is vacant or when the Vice-President acts as the President or discharges the functions of the President. He also acts as the Chairman when the latter is absent from the sitting of the House. In both the cases, he has all the powers of the Chairman. It should be emphasised here that the Deputy Chairman is not subordinate to the Chairman. He is directly responsible to the Rajya Sabha. Like the Chairman, the Deputy Chairman, while presiding over the House, cannot vote in the first instance; he can only exercise a casting vote in the case of a tie. Further, when a resolution for the removal of the Deputy Chairman is under consideration of the House, he cannot preside over a sitting of the House, though he may be present. When the Chairman presides over the House, the Deputy Chairman is like any other ordinary member of the House. He can speak in the House, participate in its proceedings and vote on any question before the House.