.“A Certificate of Incorporation is conclusive evidence that all the requirements of the company’s act have been complied with”. Elaborate.

Explain what not evidence before a court of law is. In this line whether an affidavit can be said as evidence of a fact?

What is Estoppel? What is the evidentiary value of it?

Define a Promoter. State the duties and Liabilities of a Promoter.

In which cases Indirect oral evidence shall be permitted?

“The intent and the act must both concur to constitute a crime”. Explain this statement with reference.