Explanation:

- Option 1: President

- The President of India holds the authority to summon both Houses of Parliament, as per Article 85 of the Constitution.

- The President acts based on the advice of the Union Cabinet.

- Option 2: Lok Sabha Speaker

- The Lok Sabha Speaker presides over the sessions of the Lok Sabha but does not have the power to summon Parliament.

- Option 3: Vice President

- The Vice President serves as the Chairman of the Rajya Sabha but does not have the power to summon Parliament.

- Option 4: Union Cabinet

- The Union Cabinet advises the President on many matters, including the summoning of Parliament, but does not have the authority to summon it directly.

Correct Answer: Option 1 - President.