Explanation:

- Option 1: Patna

- Patna is the capital city of the Indian state of Bihar and has a rich historical and cultural heritage.

- However, it is not referred to as 'The Athens of the East'.

- Option 2: Allahabad

- Allahabad, also known as Prayagraj, is a historic city in Uttar Pradesh.

- It has significant religious and cultural importance but is not known as 'The Athens of the East'.

- Option 3: Kochi

- Kochi is a major port city in Kerala, known for its vibrant culture and historical sites.

- It is not referred to as 'The Athens of the East'.

- Option 4: Madurai (Correct Answer)

- Madurai is a city in Tamil Nadu, known for its historical significance, educational prominence, and architectural marvels like the Meenakshi Amman Temple.

- It earned the nickname 'The Athens of the East' for its rich cultural heritage and history of academic excellence.

Correct Answer: Option 4: Madurai