Explanation:

Correct Option is Option 2: assemble

- The word "archaeology" is derived from the Greek "arkhaios," meaning ancient, indicating its connection to the distant past.

- In the first blank, although some archaeologists study living cultures, most focus on ancient times.

- The second blank highlights that archaeologists generally concern themselves with the past.

- The activity of digging monuments and collecting artefacts has existed for thousands of years.

- However, those engaged in such activities in the past were often motivated by profit or a desire to create personal collections.

Now, regarding blank number 5:

- Options 1, 2, 3, and 4 all relate to putting something together. However, option 2, "assemble," best captures the idea of putting together a collection of artefacts.

Thus, the correct answer is:- Option 2: assemble