Explanation:

- Antoine Lavoisier (Option 1): A prominent chemist who is known for his work on the science of measurement in chemistry and for naming oxygen and hydrogen. He did not give the 'Law of Octaves'.

- Dmitri Mendeleev (Option 2): A Russian chemist who created the first widely recognized periodic table. His work led to the periodic law but was not related to the 'Law of Octaves'.

- John Newlands (Option 3): Proposed the 'Law of Octaves' in 1864. He observed that every eighth element had similar properties when elements were arranged by increasing atomic weights.

- Johann Dobereiner (Option 4): Known for his early work on grouping elements into triads based on similarities but did not propose the 'Law of Octaves'.