Explanation:

After sustained pressure from both the civil society and from the courts over the past few years, the Indian government had launched the National Clean Air Programme (NCAP) in January 2019. The NCAP aimed as a long-term, time-bound, national-level strategy to tackle the air pollution problem across the India in a comprehensive manner, with targets 20-30 percent reduction in Particulate Matter 10 (PM 10) and PM 2.5 concentrations by 2024, keeping 2017 as the base year for the comparison of concentration.

Under NCAP, total of 102 non-attainment cities have been identified based on the ambient air quality data for the period 2011 to 2015 and from WHO (World Health Organisation) report 2014 to 2018. The cityspecific action plans which constitutes measures for strengthening the monitoring network, decreasing the vehicular or industrial emissions, raising public awareness, etc. have been approved and prepared for the ground implementation for each 102 non-attainment cities. The Nonattainment cities are those which were found to be continuously violating the National Ambient Air Quality Standards (NAAQS) during the 2011 to 2015 period.