Explanation:

The 10th schedule of the Constitution of India was added by the 52nd Amendment 1985 to the Constitution. It is also called the Anti-Defection Law. It means to abandon a position or association often to join an opposing group. It was done to ensure that any party does not violate the mandate of the party and if he does, he will lose the membership of the House. It is also to avoid the switching of parties by the members of the House. The ground for disqualification are:

a) The schedule lays down that elected members may be disqualified on the grounds of defection.

b) Cases of the dispute are decided by the Speaker or Chairman of the House concerned.

c) The Supreme Court of India is the final arbiter in cases that remain unresolved.

d) If an elected member gives up his membership of a political party voluntarily.

e) If he votes or does not vote in the House, contrary to any direction issued by his political party. www.gradeup.co 41

f) If any member who is independently elected joins a party.

g) If any nominated member joins any political party after 6 months.

h) All the defection matters are referred to as the Speaker or the Chairman of the House and his/her decision is final. 

i) All these proceedings are considered to be the proceedings of the Parliament or the Legislature of a state.

The exemptions to this law are:

a) Disqualification on grounds of defection does not apply in cases of a merger with another political party.

b) Any person elected as Chairman or speaker can resign from his party and rejoin the party.