ldquo Pacific Decadal Oscillation PDO was cited as one of the important reasons behind dry cycle in...........

“Pacific Decadal Oscillation (PDO) was cited as one of the important reasons behind dry cycle in north-eastern states.” Consider the following statements in this regard:

1. The PDO is an El Nino-like pattern in Pacific Ocean which is characterized by warm or cool surface waters in the Paci fi c Ocean.

2. It impacts the weather of North-Western part of the Indian Sub-continent.

Which of the above statements is/are incorrect?

1 only

2 only

Both 1 and 2

Neither 1 nor 2

Explanation:

Explanation: Statement 2 is incorrect: Paci fi c Decadal Oscillation impacts the monsoon pattern. The recent drying seasons in North-eastern state is the result of this phenomenon. Supplementary notes: Paci fi c Decadal Oscillation (PDO) Northeast India which is one of the wettest places on the Earth has been experiencing rapid drying for last thirty years. The decreasing monsoon rainfall is associated with natural changes in the Paci fi c decadal oscillation (PDO). The “Paci fi c Decadal Oscillation” (PDO) is an El Niño-like pattern of Paci fi c climate variability. The PDO is detected as warm or cool surface waters in the Paci fi c Ocean, north of 20°N latitude. As seen with the better-known El Niño/ Southern Oscillation (ENSO), extremes in the PDO pattern are marked by widespread variations in the Paci fi c Basin and the North American climate. In parallel with the ENSO phenomenon, the extreme phases of the PDO have been classi fi ed as being either warm or cool, as de fi ned by ocean temperature anomalies in the northeast and tropical Paci fi c Ocean. Major changes in northeast Paci fi c marine ecosystems have been correlated with phase changes in the PDO; warm eras have seen enhanced coastal ocean biological productivity in Alaska and inhibited productivity off the west coast of the contiguous United States, while cold PDO eras have seen the opposite north-south pattern of marine ecosystem productivity. Both PDO and ENSO have similar spatial climate fi ngerprints yet the major difference is that PDO persists for 20-30 years while the typical ENSO persists for 6 to 18 months.