Explanation:

Both statements are correct.

Exclusive Economic Zone (EEZ)

• The Exclusive Economic Zone (EEZ) was established under the 1982 United Nations Convention on the Law of the Sea (UNCLOS). It extends up to 200 nautical miles (370 km) from a country’s coastline, granting exclusive rights over the exploration and exploitation of natural resources.

Rights of Coastal Nations in the EEZ:

• Sovereign Rights: Coastal nations have control over exploring, exploiting, conserving, and managing resources in the seabed, subsoil, and waters.

• Jurisdiction: They can regulate artificial islands, installations, marine research, and environmental protection as per international law.

• Additional Rights & Duties: Other rights and responsibilities as outlined by international law apply.

Rights of Other States:

• Foreign ships and aircraft can freely navigate through the EEZ and its airspace.

• They also have the right to lay submarine cables and pipelines.

Exclusive Economic Zone (EEZ) of India:

• Legal Basis

• In India it is defined under the “Territorial Waters, Continental Shelf, Exclusive Economic Zone and Other Maritime Zones Act, 1976.”

• EEZ extends 200 nautical miles from the baseline, beyond and adjacent to the territorial waters.

Hence option 3rd is correct.