With reference to the principle of 39 collective responsibility 39 in India consider the f...........

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With reference to the principle of 'collective responsibility' in India, consider the following statements:

1. It is a judicial innovation and not mentioned explicitly under the constitutional provisions.

2. It means that the Council of Ministers shall be collectively responsible to the Parliament.

Which of the statements given above is/are correct ?

1 only

2 only

Both 1 and 2

Neither 1 nor 2

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Explanation:

• Collective responsibility is the convention under which individual members of government are held accountable for the acts and decisions of the government as a whole.
• Under the Constitution of India, Article 75(3) deals with Collective Responsibility at the Centre (The Council of Ministers shall be collectively responsible to the House of the People), while Article 164(3) deals with state governments. Hence, statements 1 and 2 are not correct.
• Recently, Supreme Court stated, “a statement made by a minister, even if traceable to any affairs of the state or for protecting the government, cannot be attributed vicariously to the government by invoking the principle of collective responsibility". In other words, the flow of stream in collective responsibility is from the Council of Ministers to the individual Ministers and not vice versa.