Explanation:

Both statements are correct.
Artificial Reef (AR)

• In the recent times the Department of Fisheries is promoting Artificial Reef (AR) under Pradhan Mantri Matsya Sampada Yojana (PMMSY) for rejuvenating coastal fisheries.

• Artificial reefs (AR) are natural or manmade engineering technology interventions placed in the sea to provide an artificial fish habitat.

• Oil and gas platforms, bridges, lighthouses, and other offshore structures often function as artificial reefs.

• Materials used to construct artificial reefs have included rocks, cinder blocks and even wood and old tires.

• Department of Fisheries is promoting Artificial Reef (AR) under Pradhan Mantri Matsya Sampada Yojana (PMMSY).

• To promote sustainable practices, Department of Fisheries has sanctioned 732 artificial reef units for 10 coastal states.

The advantages of Artificial Reef (AR) are

• Aggregate fish and provide a home for fish to live and grow, reduce wave damage on coasts, helps regeneration of marine ecosystem and act as a carbon sink.

• 2 to 3 fold increase in catch rates and efficiency can be realized Thus saving fuel and energy costs leading to increased income.

• Provide a firm substrate for marine life such as corals, algae and plankton to attach to and grow.

• They provide favourable conditions for sea ranching and serve as spawning and nursery grounds for fish.

• Enhance recreational fisheries, snorkelling, and eco-tourism, creating suitable areas for diving and reducing conflicts.

• Pradhan Mantri Matsya Sampada Yojana (PMMSY) was launched in May 2020 to bring about Blue Revolution through sustainable and responsible development of the fisheries sector.

Hence option 4th is correct.