Explanation:

Answer: (b). Sophisticated User

Database users are categorized based up on their interaction with the data base.

These are seven types of data base users in DBMS.

1. Database Administrator (DBA) :
Database Administrator (DBA) is a person/team who defines the schema and also controls the 3 levels of database.

2. Naive/Unsophisticated User / Parametric End Users :
Parametric End Users are the unsophisticated who don’t have any DBMS knowledge but they frequently use the data base applications in their daily life to get the desired results. 
For examples, Railway’s ticket booking users are naive users. Clerks in any bank is a naive user because they don’t have any DBMS knowledge but they still use the database and perform their given task.

3. System Analyst :
System Analyst is a user who analyzes the requirements of parametric end users. They check whether all the requirements of end users are satisfied.

4. Sophisticated Users :
Sophisticated users can be engineers, scientists, business analyst, who are familiar with the database. They can develop their own data base applications according to their requirement. They don’t write the program code but they interact the data base by writing SQL queries directly through the query processor.

5. Data Base Designers :
Data Base Designers are the users who design the structure of data base which includes tables, indexes, views, constraints, triggers, stored procedures. He/she controls what data must be stored and how the data items to be related.

6. Application Program :
Application Program are the back end programmers who writes the code for the application programs.They are the computer professionals. These programs could be written in Programming languages such as Visual Basic, Developer, C, FORTRAN, COBOL etc.

7. Casual Users / Temporary Users :
Casual Users are the users who occasionally use/access the data base but each time when they access the data base they require the new information, for example, Middle or higher level manager.