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Baran district, Rajasthan :
Baran district, located in the state of Rajasthan, was carved out of erstwhile Kota District on 10th April 1991. The district got the name from the town Baran which is also the district headquarters. The district covers a total area of 6955.40 Sq.Km, out of which 35.88 Sq.Km. is urban while the rest is primarily rural. There are eight tehsils in the district namely Baran, Anta, Atru, Mangrol, Chhabra, Chhipabarod, Kishanganj and Shahabad. Baran district comes under the parliamentry constituency of Jhalawar-Baran and is divided into four assembly constituencies namely Anta, Kishanganj, Baran-Atru and Chhabra. The main dialect spoken here is Hadoti. The best time to visit the district is between September to November and it can be easily accessed as well as it is well connected with rail and road network.
Location :
Located on the south-east corner of Rajasthan and being adjacent to Shoepur, Shivpuri district and Guna District of Madhya Pradesh, Baran district forms the boundary of Rajasthan State. It is bounded on the north-west by Kota, and on the south-west by Jhalawar district of Rajasthan. The maximum length of the district from North to South is 103 Kms. and maximum width from west to east is 104 Kms. The district lies at an altitude of 262 metres above sea-level.
Demographics :
had a population of 1,222,755. It roughly equals to the nation of Trinidad and Tobago or the US state of New Hampshire. This gives it a ranking of 389th in India (out of a total of 640). The district has a population density of 175 inhabitants per square kilometre (450/sq mi). Its population growth rate over the decade 2001-2011 was 19.8%. Baran has a sex ratio of 926 females for every 1000 males, and a literacy rate of 67.38%.
History :
Baran was under the Solanki Rajputs in the 14th - 15th century. It is not exactly known as to when the main town of the twelve villages under the Solanki's was named as 'Baran'. There are many views as to the same. Some say that it was formed by twelve villages, and is therefore called Baran. Some others say that the city was built by the twelve nearby villages, and is therefore named as Baran. It is also said, that since the soil of the area is mostly Barani, the district has thus acquired its name. In the year 1948, the state of Rajasthan was formed, and Baran was then a district in Rajasthan state. On 31st March' 1949, Rajasthan was reconstituted and at that time Baran district headquarters was converted into Sub Division headquater of Kota district. It is also worth noting that 'Baran' in Urdu means rain. It is therefore no wonder that Baran has the second highest rainfall in the state after Banswara district.
Geography :
The land slopes gently northward from the high table land of Malwa in Madhya Pradesh. It is well watered, drained by rivers flowing in North and North-Eastern directions. There are hills in the South, North and Eastern portion of the district and it is generally fertile. There are hills in the east in Shahabad tehsil, having the highest point, named as Mamooni, which is 546 meters above mean sea level, in the district. These hills form part of Aravalli Mountain Ranges. Their slopes are gently and steep and they are mostly covered by woods. The land of the district slopes gently from South to North and the drainage is through Chambal River and its tributaries. The district has a dry climate except in the monsoon seasons. The winter season runs from mid-November to February and summer season runs from March to mid-June. The period from mid of June to September is the monsoon season. The months October to mid-November constitute the post monsoon or the retreating monsoon. The average rainfall in the district is 854.5mm. January is the coldest month with the average daily maximum temperature of 24.3 degree Celsius and the average daily minimum temperature of 10.6 degree Celsius.
Tourism :
Sitabari : Sitabari is situated about 45 Kms from Baran in Kelwara kasba on National Highway road connecting Shivpuri-Gwalior. This is one of the most places of pilgrimage in the district. It is popularly held in the area that 'Sita mata' had lived in this place after being left by Lord Rama. This place is also known as the birth-place of Luv and Kush. There are several Kunds in Sitabari namely Balmiki Kund, Sita Kund, Laxman Kund, Surya Kund, Lav-Kush Kund. Sita-Kuti is also situated in the forest area near the temple. The tribal Sahariya fair is held at this place in the May/June every year.
Ramgarh-Bhand Devra : Ramgarh-Bhand Devra temples are situated about 40 Kms from Baran. The place has been named thus due to the Maithun statues found here. The Shiv Mandir of Ramgarh was built in the 10th century and is based on the style of the Khajuraho temples. It is thus often known as Rajasthan'smini Khajuraho. The temple is situated along the banks of a pond, and is now under the archaeological department. On the top of the Ramgarh hill, the Kisnai and Annapurna Devi temples are situated in a natural cave. About 750 stairs were constructed by Jhala Jalim Singh for reaching the temple on the hill top. The main speciality of this temple is that one Devi is worshiped with Meva and another is worshipped with Mas-Madira. At the time of Parshad, a curtain is raised between the two Devis. A fair is also organised during Kartik Purnima.
Shahi Jama Masjid : Shahi Jama Masjid is situated in Shahabad city and 80 Kms away from Baran city. This masjid was beautifully constructed during the reign of Aurangzeb. Its pillars and mehrab are beautifully constructed and worth seeing.
Bilasgarh : Bilasgarh is situated about 45 Km. from Baran in Kanyadeah tehsil. The connecting road is from the Faldi village between Kishanganj and Bhanwargarh. Bilasgarh was once a big city during the Khechi kingdom. It was destroyed and left in ruins on the orders of Aurangzeb. The daughter of the king Khechi was supposedly very beautiful and it is said that it was because of her that sent his forces to Bilasgarh and ultimately ruined the city. The princess ended her life in the Bilasi River and the spot is now known as Kanyadeah. The ruins of the Bilasgarh are still situated inside the dense forest area.
Dolmela : The Dolmela is organised at the Dol Talab (Pond) in Baran city from Jaljhulni Akadshi. The main attraction of the mela is a big Shobha Yatra (procession) which has about 54 Dev Viman (the holy statue carriers). This procession is also known as Dol, and the procession goes around al the major temples of the city. In this procession some 'Akhadas' also demonstrate their 'Kartab' (type of physical exercise). The procession starts from the Shreeji temple, comes to the Dol Talab where all the Dev Vimans are worshiped and then these are sent back to the respective temples. This fair is organised for 15 days and it is very popular among the local residents as well as the residents from all over the state of Rajasthan. People from adjoining Madhya Pradesh also visit for fair. This fair is the symbol of communal harmony in the area, and one of the main fairs of the Rajasthan state.
Phuldol Folk Festival : The festival is organised every year in the town of Kishanganj on the occasion of Holi. This festival was started more than 120 years ago by the local residents of the town with the marriage ceremony of the tulsi plant with the statue of God Charbhujanath in their home. It is a tradition in the families that after marriage, the groom comes to the in-laws home with his friends to play Holi. This tradition is followed by the God Charbhujanath and all the residents of Kishanganj town. On the day of Holi-Dulandi, Swang (type of drama) is played in the town for the whole day. Some of the famous swangs are Gidh-Rawan-Yudh, Band-Bandi swang etc. In the night, a big 'Shobhayatra' known as 'PhulDolo' is taken out into town. Lots of people from nearby places come to witness the festival.
Sitabari Mela : This is another major fair in the district of Baran. Sitabri is a holy place situated about 45 Km. from Baran city near the Kelwara Kasba. A big tribal fair is organised here on Jeshta Amavasya. The place has a number of 'Kunds' attributed to Sita, Laxman, Lord Surya, Lav and Kush and taking a holy dip in them is considered auspicious. Lakhs of people come here for this fair which is taken as Kumbh in the Sahariya tribe. The Swayambar (marriage function) of Sahariya tribes is organised in this fair which is attended by people come from all over Rajasthan state and adjoining Madhya Pradesh. In the Swayambar of the Sahariya tribe, the Sahariya tribe a sahariya boy drops the handkerchief for proposing to the Sahariya girl in the fair. If the girl accepts the handkerchief, it is said that they are agreed for marriage. The bride and groom take the 7 rounds (saat phere) of the Barnawa tree and after the blessings of their parents they are accepted as a married couple.
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