Explanation:

All codes are correct.

Recently, cloudburst and landslide were observed in Himachal Pradesh that led to loss life of atleast 50 people. And such incidents were also observed in the past also.

Causes for landslide in Himalayan region

Himalayan Region is Tectonically active region

• The Himalayan range is one of the world’s newest tertiary fold mountains.

• The Himalayas were formed by the convergence of the Indian and Eurasian plates.

•  The Himalayas are still growing and gaining height. The Himalayas are thus a tectonically active mountain chain. Tectonic movement causing frequent earthquakes and landslides.

• Intense rainfall: The monsoon season brings heavy rainfall to the region in short span of time that create the situation of cloudburst. As a result, it leads to saturating the soil and increasing the likelihood of landslides.

• Deforestation: The removal of vegetation destabilizes slopes and increases the risk of landslides.

• Glacial lake outburst floods (GLOFs): The sudden release of water from glacial lakes can trigger landslides in the surrounding areas.

• For e.g. The 2013 Kedarnath landslide in Uttarakhand, India, was caused by intense rainfall and glacial lake outburst flood.

Hence option 3rd is correct.