Explanation:

Correct Answer is (b).According to the given context, it is about the GDPR laws that came into force recently in the European countries but it is also clear that the provisions and suggestions of the law came into the public domain much early in 2012.
Now, coming to the options, A is not correct since regulations can be used once the law is passed whereas option C and D do not come into consideration as both the words in these options are completely out of context here. Only option B can be used since both the words fit in the given context.
The sentence would be:
While the General Data Protection Law came into force only in 2018, its provisions were made public in 2012 and have heavily influenced ongoing legislative efforts in other countries.
This makes option B the correct choice among the given options.