Explanation:

Sarla Devi Chaudhurani

• ?Sarla Devi Chaudhurani was a prominent freedom fighter from Bengal as well as Punjab. She was born in Kolkata in a Bengali family in 1872. The spirit of patriotism was infused in her by her mother Swarn Kumari who worked for the Swadeshi cause.
• Sarla worked as the editor of the Bengali Journal Bharti. She was a niece of Rabindranath Tagore and had connections with national leaders such as Satyendra Nath Tagore and Chaupekar brothers. She opened Laksmi Bhandar to make popular Swadeshi goods. She got married to a popular Arya Samajist Pandit Ram Bhuj Dutt Choudhary of Lahore, in 1905, as a result, her political activities shifted to Lahore.
• She was a founder of the first women’s organisation in India, the Bharat Stree Mahamandal in Allahabad in 1910, which was meant to organize women of all colors and creeds for the common cause, and moral and material development of the women of the nation.
• She toured the whole of Punjab and opened branches of Arya Samaj for women. She originated the idea of donating one-tenth of ornaments by women to the ‘revenge fund’, made committees for the collection of funds, and united the women folk for the cause of freedom.
• Her speeches, writings, articles, and poems motivated many men and women to join the freedom struggle. The government kept her activities under surveillance and warned her about her writings. In 1919, she came under the influence of Mahatma Gandhi and started to follow non-violence methods. She raised her voice against the massacre at Jallianwala Bagh, Amritsar. She became the pivot of the Swadeshi movement in Punjab.
• She was the first woman in the province who started to wear Khadi Sari. She remained a devoted worker of Congress till her death in 1945.