Explanation:

Explanation :

Raja Rammohan Roy (1772-1883)

• Raja Ram Mohan Roy the founder of the Brahmo Samaj (one of the first Indian socio-religious reform movements) was a great scholar and an independent thinker. He was a religious and social reformer and is known as the ‘Father of Modern India’ or ‘Father of the Bengal Renaissance’.

• Raja Ram Mohan Roy was impressed and admired the civil liberties given to people under the British System of Constitutional Government. He wanted to extend the benefits of that system of government to the Indian people.
• Reforms for Taxes –
  • He condemned the oppressive practices of Bengali zamindars.
  • He demanded fixation of minimum rents.
  • He called for a reduction of export duties on Indian goods abroad and demanded the abolition of taxes on tax-free lands.
  • He raised his voice for the abolition of the East India Company’s trading rights.
• Press freedom: he spoke against the unjust policies of the British government especially the restrictions on press freedom. Through his writings and activities, he supported the movement for free press in India.
  • When press censorship was relaxed by Lord Hastings in 1819, Ram Mohan found three journals- The Brahmanical Magazine (1821); The Bengali weekly, Samvad Kaumudi (1821); and the Persian weekly, Mirat-ul-Akbar.
• Administrative reforms: He demanded equality between Indians and Europeans. He wanted the Indianisation of superior services and separation of the executive from the judiciary.
• It is because of his contributions in social, religious, political, economic and educational spheres that Raja Ram Mihan Roy is known as the ‘Father of Modern India’ and Father of Indian Renaissance’.