Explanation:

List of Fundamental Duties: Art. 51A, Part IVA of the Indian Constitution, specifies the list of fundamental duties of the citizens. It says “it shall be the duty of every citizen of India:

•              to abide by the Constitution and respect its ideal and institutions;

•              to cherish and follow the noble ideals which inspired our national struggle for freedom;

•              to uphold and protect the sovereignty, unity and integrity of India;

•              to defend the country and render national service when called upon to do so;

•              to promote harmony and the spirit of common brotherhood amongst all the people of India transcending religious, linguistic and regional diversities, to renounce practices derogatory to the dignity of women;

•              to value and preserve the rich heritage of our composite culture;

•              to protect and improve the natural environment including forests, lakes, rivers, and wild-life and to have compassion for living creatures;

•              to develop the scientific temper, humanism and the spirit of inquiry and reform;

•              to safeguard public property and to abjure violence;

•              to strive towards excellence in all spheres of individual and collective activity, so that the nation constantly rises to higher levels of endeavor and achievement.

•              who is a parent or guardian, to provide opportunities for education to his child, or as the case may be, ward between the age of six and fourteen years.