Explanation:

Only statements 1&2 are correct.

• The Union Health Ministry recently introduced the BPaLM regimen to treat Multidrug-Resistant Tuberculosis under the National TB Elimination Program.

About BPaLM Regimen

• It is a new treatment regimen against multi-drug-resistant tuberculosis (MDR-TB).

• It was introduced by the Union Health Ministry under its National TB Elimination Program (NTEP).

• Composition: The regimen combines four drugs—Bedaquiline, Pretomanid, Linezolid, and optionally Moxifloxacin.

• This regimen includes a new anti-TB drug called Pretomanid, which was earlier approved and licensed for use in India by the Central Drugs Standard Control Organization (CDSCO).

Efficacy

• The BPaLM regimen is a safer and more effective treatment option compared to traditional MDR-TB treatments.

• It is an all-oral regimen with a low overall pill burden, which makes it patient-friendly.

• It can cure drug-resistant TB in just six months, compared to the previous treatment duration of up to 20 months, and is associated with fewer side effects.

Hence option 2nd is correct.