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Consider the following statements:
1. The Draft Constitution provided for only two lists of subjects, Union and State.
2. The Union had control over minerals and key industries.
3. The states were allowed to levy and collect certain taxes, such as the tax on bottled liquor.
Which of the statements given above is/are correct?
1 and 2 only
3 only
2 and 3 only
1, 2 and 3
Statement 1 is incorrect: The Draft Constitution provided for three lists of subjects: Union, State, and Concurrent. The subjects in the first list were to be the preserve of the Central Government, while those in the second list were vested with the states. As for the third list, here the Centre and the state shared responsibility. Statement 2 is correct: The Union had control over minerals and key industries. Besides, Article 356 gave the Centre the power to take over a state administration on the recommendation of the Governor. Statement 3 is correct: The Constitution also mandated a complex system of fiscal federalism. In the case of some taxes (for instance, customs duties and Company taxes), the Centre retained all the proceeds; in other cases (such as income tax and excise duties) it shared them with the states; in still other cases (for instance, estate duties) it assigned them wholly to the states. The states, meanwhile, could levy and collect certain taxes on their own which included land and property taxes, sales taxes, and the hugely profitable tax on bottled liquor.
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