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Multiple Choice Questions

99 EI Nino is a complex weather system that appears once every three to seven years In the Southern ...........

Geography and Environment (HAS) World climates

99. EI-Nino is a complex weather system that appears once every three to seven years. In the Southern and Central Pacific Ocean, it results in

1. Distortion of equatorial atmospheric circulation

2. Irregularities in the evaporation of sea water

3. Increase in the amount of diatoms in the ocean

1 and 2 only

3 only

1 and 3 only

1, 2 and 3

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Explanation:

Statement 1 and 2: EI-Nino is merely an extension of the warm equatorial current which gets replaced temporarily by cold Peruvian current or Humboldt current (locate these currents in your atlas). The system involves oceanic and atmospheric phenomena with the appearance of warm currents off the coast of Peru in the Eastern Pacific and affects weather in many places including India. This current increases the temperature of water on the Peruvian coast by 10°C. This affects the local temperature, and thus ocean currents, wind pattern leading to rainfall changes. It brings drought, floods and other weather extremes to different parts of the world. EI-Nino is used in India for forecasting long range monsoon rainfall.
Statement 3: It actually reduces the amount of phytoplankton and also diatoms because of the increase in the sea temperature. Planktons need a more ambient climate to survive.

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