The Mahabodhi Temple in Bodh Gaya, Bihar, a site of immense significance in Buddhism, has become the center of renewed protests concerning its administrative control. Buddhist monks and organizations are advocating for exclusive management rights over the temple, challenging the current governance structure established by the Bodh Gaya Temple Act of 1949 (BGTA).

Key Points:

Historical Context: The Mahabodhi Temple marks the location where Siddhartha Gautama attained enlightenment in 589 BCE. Emperor Ashoka erected the initial shrine in the 3rd century BCE. Over centuries, control of the temple shifted, leading to complex management dynamics. 

Bodh Gaya Temple Act of 1949: Enacted by the Bihar government, the BGTA established a management committee comprising both Hindus and Buddhists. By law, the committee includes four Buddhist and four Hindu representatives, with the Gaya District Magistrate serving as the ex-officio chairman, a position traditionally held by a Hindu. 

Universal Group Of Institutions

Recent Protests: Since February 2025, the All India Buddhist Forum (AIBF) has led nationwide demonstrations demanding the repeal of the BGTA. Protesters seek exclusive Buddhist control over the temple and the cessation of Hindu rituals within its premises. 

Parliamentary Attention: The dispute has reached the Indian Parliament, with discussions highlighting the composition of the temple's management committee and the longstanding grievances of the Buddhist community.