Explanation:

Benevolent despotism, also known as enlightened despotism, is a concept that describes a form of government where a single ruler holds absolute power but exercises it in a way that benefits the people and promotes their well-being. o In this system, the ruler is believed to have the knowledge, wisdom, and good intentions to govern and make decisions in the best interests of the populace. • Autocracy is a system of government in which a single individual holds absolute power and authority over the state. In an autocracy, the ruler typically wields unchecked and unrestrained power, making important decisions without significant input or accountability from other individuals or institutions. o Autocratic governments can take various forms, such as dictatorships, absolute monarchies, or military juntas. • Constitutionalism is a political philosophy and a system of government that places importance on the rule of law, the limitation of governmental powers, and the protection of individual rights and freedoms. o It is based on the idea that a written constitution, which outlines the structure and powers of the government, serves as the supreme law of the land and provides a framework for governance. • Plutocracy is a system of governance in which power is concentrated in the hands of the wealthy or the ruling class based on their economic status and financial influence. o In a plutocracy, the wealthiest individuals or corporations exert significant control over political decisions and public policy, often to the detriment of the broader population. • Hence option (c) is the correct answer.