Explanation:

Correct Option: (a) Explanation:  Statement 2 is incorrect: August declaration was not welcomed by extremist faction of INC. August declaration of 1917  Edwin Samuel Montagu who was Secretary of State for India (1917-1922), made a declaration in August 1917 which de fi ned the aim of Policies of British Empire in India. This declaration is also called August Declaration or Montague’s Statement. Montague statement was the precursor to the Government of India Act, 1919 (Montagu-Chelmsford Reforms). Provisions of the Montague Statement  The increasing involvement of Indians in every branch of administration.  Montague statement proposed for gradual development of Self-governing institution considering the progressive realisation of responsible government in India.  The sole authority to judge the time and measure of each advancement towards selfgovernment would be British Government and Government of India and in this, they would be guided by the responsible Indian leaders.  The declaration focussed on limited selfgovernment at fi rst, it was the fi rst such British proposal in a non-white colony for any form of representative government.  Moderate leaders welcomed the Montague’s statement while Extremist leaders objected to it as no speci fi c time frame was given and the Government alone was to decide the nature and the timing of advance towards a responsible government. Topic: Modern History Sub-Topic: August Declaration