Explanation:

- The theory of distribution focuses on how income is allocated among different groups or entities.

- Option 1: The distribution of income among different individuals in the economy

- While individual income distribution is an important aspect, the theory specifically emphasizes income distribution among resource owners.

- Option 2: The distribution of income between the Centre and the State Governments

- This involves fiscal federalism rather than the general theory of distribution.

- Option 3: The principle of just distribution of wealth and income

- This relates more to equity and justice rather than pure distribution theory.

- Option 4: The distribution of income between the owners of factor resources

- This captures the essence of the theory of distribution, which examines how income is distributed among land, labor, and capital owners.