Explanation:

- Population Geography is the study of the distribution, composition, and growth of human populations. It examines how people are spread across the earth and the implications this has on resources and the environment.

- Option 1: Settlement Geography

- This branch focuses on the study of human settlements, their structure, and development. It looks at towns, cities, and rural areas.

- Option 2: Cultural Geography

- This examines the cultural values, practices, and impacts of human communities. It studies how culture and space influence each other.

- Option 3: Human Geography

- Human Geography looks at all aspects of human life and how they interact with and alter the environment. It includes studying population patterns, making it the overarching category for Population Geography.

- Option 4: Physical Geography

- This branch examines natural landscapes, such as mountains, rivers, and weather patterns, focusing on the earth’s physical characteristics.