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Directions:- Rend the following passage carefully and answer the fivequestions that follow by selecting your answers based solely on the content of the pasnage and the opinion of the author only.
The millet project of the NIS Swaminathan Research Foundation had three objectives—to preserve crop diversity in local millet varieties, to increase production and the consumption of millets, and to enhance farm incomes, The Kolli block of Namakkal district, theproject area is a distinct geographic and agroecological region of the Eastern Ghats, populated by income-poor Scheduled Tribe households.
There had been a rapid decline in minor millet Cultivation, and a shift in land use towards more profitable croPs such as cassava (tapioca), pineapple, coffee, and pepper. As the Indian Council of Agricultural Research (1C_6R) has pointed out, the area under nutri-cereals has declined steeply in India since the mid-1980s—from 41 million hectares in the 1980s to 24 million hectares in 2017-18.
The reasons for a shift in land use include low yields. Further, processing of millets is a time-consuming and laborious task, undertaken by women. Additionally, very little was marketed, and a tiny share of grain was processed into value-added products.
The project intervened in three areas. First, yield enhancement was attempted, using a combination of participatory varietal trials for improved seeds, new agronomic practices, and new technology. Community seed banks were designed and constructed to conserve, restore, revive, strengthen and improve local seed systems.
Second, customized post-harvest machineries (pulverizers and dehullers) were introduced. The introduction of small-scale localized mechanical miffing, operated by self-help groups, was a game-changer.. The third major initiative was training. The Kolli Hills Agrobiodiversity Conservers' Federation (KHABCOFED) was formed to oversee all activities relating to training and value-addition. Ready-to-cook products were branded under the Kolli Hills Natural Foods label and market links established. Net returns from value-added products were five to ten times higher than those from grains.
Yields have risen as a result of improved seeds, agronomic practices and intercropping. There have been significant improvements in incomes from millet farming. The shift from hand-pounding to milling has reduced the drudgery for women and encouraged millet consumption. The number of private mills with customized dehullers and pulverizers has risen (and the technology has been marketed to Krishi Vigyan Kendras across Tamil Nadu).
What does "a tiny share of grain was processed into value-added products" mean in the passage?
Enough was not done for the ,marketing of millet as a' diverse food product.
A small quantity of millet is used with other grains.
The demand for millet is not very encouraging.
Millet does not have potential health benefits.
- The passage highlights that only a small portion of millet grain was processed into higher-value products, implying limited market development for millets.
- Option 1: Enough was not done for the marketing of millet as a diverse food product.
- This aligns with the passage's implication that value-added products were minimally produced and marketed, hinting at a lack of marketing effort.
- Correct Answer
- Option 2: A small quantity of millet is used with other grains.
- The passage does not mention millet being mixed with other grains, so this statement is not directly relevant.
- Option 3: The demand for millet is not very encouraging.
- Although the passage mentions declining cultivation, it focuses more on production and processing issues rather than demand.
- Option 4: Millet does not have potential health benefits.
- This is unrelated to the passage, which doesn't discuss health benefits as a factor.
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