Explanation:

- Harshavardhana was a prominent ruler of the 7th century who reigned from 606-647 CE.

- He was part of the Pushyabhuti dynasty, which was also known as the Vardhana dynasty.

- The Mughal dynasty was established much later, starting in the 16th century by Babur.

- The Maurya dynasty predated Harshavardhana, with notable rulers like Ashoka, and existed from 322 to 185 BCE.

- The Gupta dynasty ruled prior to Harshavardhana, known for a golden age of arts and sciences, from around 320 to 550 CE.

Correct Answer: Option 4 - Pushyabhuti