Explanation:

- Option 1: Ramchandra Guha

- Ramchandra Guha is a well-known Indian historian and writer, recognized for his works on environmental, social, and political history of India. However, he is not the author of "Inglorious Empire."

- Option 2: VS Naipaul

- VS Naipaul was a Nobel Prize-winning British writer of Indian descent known for his works exploring themes of identity and post-colonial society. He did not write "Inglorious Empire."

- Option 3: Ashwin Sanghi

- Ashwin Sanghi is an Indian author of thriller fiction and historical fiction, but he is not associated with writing "Inglorious Empire."

- Option 4: Shashi Tharoor

- Correct Answer: Shashi Tharoor, a prominent Indian politician, writer, and former diplomat, authored "Inglorious Empire: What the British Did to India." The book critically examines British colonial rule in India and its detrimental effects.

Shashi Tharoor is the correct answer.