Explanation:

- Option 1: Matching

- Aligns revenue earned with expenses incurred in the same period.

- Ensures accurate profit measurement.

- Option 2: Materiality

- Focuses on the significance of financial information.

- Determines if an item’s omission would affect decision-making.

- Option 3: Consistency

- Ensures uniformity in applying accounting methods over time.

- Aids in comparison of financial statements across periods.

- Option 4: Conservatism

- Recognizes expenses and liabilities as soon as possible.

- Delays recognition of revenues and assets until certain.

- Prevents overstatement of financial position.