Explanation:

- The passage discusses the unexpected negative impacts of dams, highlighting that while intended to prevent floods, they have ended up causing them.

- This happens mainly due to the sedimentation that builds up in the reservoirs.

- It mentions that releasing water from dams during heavy rains worsens the situation, as witnessed in Maharashtra and Gujarat in 2006.

- The disasters caused by floods include damage to life and property, alongside contributing to soil erosion.

- They also lead to a lack of silt in the plains, significant because silt acts as a natural fertilizer.

For blank No. 5:

- deprived (Option 1): This is the correct word as it means taking something away, fitting the context of plains losing silt.

- destroyed (Option 2): Implies complete ruin, which doesn't fit the context of what's happening to silt.

- disabled (Option 3): Means stopping something from functioning, which isn't applicable here.

- distributed (Option 4): Would mean spreading something out, contrary to the context of losing silt.