An attempt to determine the number of languages in the world is affected by other factors. A few new languages do continue to be discovered, even these days, as unexplored regions of the world begin to be opened up. The discovery does not usually take place straight away. Often there are similarities with an already known language which make the investigators assume that what they have found is just a dialect of that language. Only after a considerable period of contact does it transpire that the speech is so different that it has to be considered a different language. It takes a language survey to establish the facts, and there are still many countries where such surveys are incomplete or have not even begun. The people may be known, but the identity of their language may not be. Because many such peoples are bilingual or multilingual, and converse with outsiders in lingua franca, it may take a while before linguists come to realize that there is an ethnic language there at all.
Question:
Which one of the following is NOT the reason for the difficulty in estimating the number of languages of the world?
New languages continue to be discovered
There are still unexplored regions
New languages are considered a dialect of a known language
People who speak the language do not claim their language
An attempt to determine the number of languages in the world is affected by other factors. A few new languages do continue to be discovered, even these days, as unexplored regions of the world begin to be opened up. The discovery does not usually take place straight away. Often there are similarities with an already known language which make the investigators assume that what they have found is just a dialect of that language. Only after a considerable period of contact does it transpire that the speech is so different that it has to be considered a different language. It takes a language survey to establish the facts, and there are still many countries where such surveys are incomplete or have not even begun. The people may be known, but the identity of their language may not be. Because many such peoples are bilingual or multilingual, and converse with outsiders in lingua franca, it may take a while before linguists come to realize that there is an ethnic language there at all.
Question:
Which one of the following is a way to establish the discovery of a new language?
By establishing contact over a period of time with the speakers of the language
By finding the similarities of the language with other languages
By comparing with the lingua franca of the region
By conducting a survey of all languages of the region
An attempt to determine the number of languages in the world is affected by other factors. A few new languages do continue to be discovered, even these days, as unexplored regions of the world begin to be opened up. The discovery does not usually take place straight away. Often there are similarities with an already known language which make the investigators assume that what they have found is just a dialect of that language. Only after a considerable period of contact does it transpire that the speech is so different that it has to be considered a different language. It takes a language survey to establish the facts, and there are still many countries where such surveys are incomplete or have not even begun. The people may be known, but the identity of their language may not be. Because many such peoples are bilingual or multilingual, and converse with outsiders in lingua franca, it may take a while before linguists come to realize that there is an ethnic language there at all.
Question:
Which one of the following statements is correct?
Language surveys have been conducted by all nations
There is hardly any language to be discovered in the world
All the languages are either complete languages or dialects of other major languages
No new language needs to be discovered since all languages are known to the world
An attempt to determine the number of languages in the world is affected by other factors. A few new languages do continue to be discovered, even these days, as unexplored regions of the world begin to be opened up. The discovery does not usually take place straight away. Often there are similarities with an already known language which make the investigators assume that what they have found is just a dialect of that language. Only after a considerable period of contact does it transpire that the speech is so different that it has to be considered a different language. It takes a language survey to establish the facts, and there are still many countries where such surveys are incomplete or have not even begun. The people may be known, but the identity of their language may not be. Because many such peoples are bilingual or multilingual, and converse with outsiders in lingua franca, it may take a while before linguists come to realize that there is an ethnic language there at all.
Question:
‘The people may be known, but the identity of their language may not be,’ means:
People are recognised as different ethnic groups but not necessarily their language
People are recognised as different ethnic groups and their language is recognised
People are not recognised as different ethnic groups, and so are their languages
Because the people are not from different ethnic groups and their language is recognised
An attempt to determine the number of languages in the world is affected by other factors. A few new languages do continue to be discovered, even these days, as unexplored regions of the world begin to be opened up. The discovery does not usually take place straight away. Often there are similarities with an already known language which make the investigators assume that what they have found is just a dialect of that language. Only after a considerable period of contact does it transpire that the speech is so different that it has to be considered a different language. It takes a language survey to establish the facts, and there are still many countries where such surveys are incomplete or have not even begun. The people may be known, but the identity of their language may not be. Because many such peoples are bilingual or multilingual, and converse with outsiders in lingua franca, it may take a while before linguists come to realize that there is an ethnic language there at all.
Question:
Which one of the following words from the passage means ‘come to be known’?
transpire
lingua franca
straight
variant
The Constitution of India ensures proportionate representation from all regions.
balanced
partial
unlikely
suffragette
There is a feeling of disenchantment among the members of the group.
delight
disappointment
idealism
unrelenting
Directions: In the following items a sentence or phrase is given with a word that is underlined, followed by four options. Select the most appropriate option that is nearest to the meaning of to the underlined word and mark your response in the Answer Sheet accordingly.
She believed that it was imminent that he would be chosen as the leader of the group.
timely
distant
unlikely
inevitable
The brave soldiers left an indelible impression on the people of the land.
permanent
fleeting
hilarious
eradicable
The manager always provides instantaneous replies to all queries.
immediate
delayed
deliberate
unwanted
Convert from direct speech to indirect speech:
Charu said to her friend, “I want you to be here at 6.00 p.m. tomorrow for the meeting.”
Charu told her friend that she wanted her to be there at 6.00 p.m. the next day for the meeting
Charu told her friend that she wanted her to be there at 6.00 p.m. tomorrow for the meeting
Charu requested her friend that she wanted her to be there at 6.00 p.m. tomorrow for the meeting
Charu told her friend that she will want her to be here at 6.00 p.m. the next day for the meeting
Convert from direct speech to indirect speech:
Nitin said to his brother, “What a beautiful painting it is?”
Nitin wondered to his brother that what a beautiful painting it was
Nitin wondered before his brother that it was a beautiful painting
Nitin exclaimed that it is a beautiful painting
Nitin asked his brother whether it was beautiful painting
Convert from indirect speech to direct speech:
The teacher asked her students why they had been quiet in the previous class.
The teacher asked her students, “Why were they keeping quiet in the previous class?”
The teacher said to her students, “Why were you quiet in the previous class?”
The teacher said to her students, “Why had you been quiet in the previous class?”
The teacher said to her students, “Why were you quiet in previous class?”
Which one of the following sentences is correct?
He is considered as the brightest intellectual in the country
He is considered as one among the brightest intellectual in the country
He is considered as one among the brighter intellectual in the country
He is considered as one of the intellectual in the country
Which one of the following sentences is correct?
No other mountain is taller than the Himalayas
No other mountain is tall than the Himalayas
No other mountains taller than the Himalayas
No other mountain is taller then the Himalayas
Confident and Confidant
Confident means certain and confidant means close friend
Confidant means certain and confident means close friend
Confident means belief and confidant means an emissary
Confident means assurance and confidant means intimate person
Broke and Brook
Broke means abundance and brook means a flowing water body
Broke means bankrupt and brook means a stream
Broke means fractured and brook means nonsense
Broke means negotiate and brook means a stream
Accept and Except
Accept means apart from and except means recognise
Accept means recognise and except means include
Accept means consent and except means apart from
Accept means allude and except means apart from
Accord and Accrued
Accord means collected and accrued means agreement
Accord means agreement and accrued means arrived
Accord means accepted and accrued means received
Accord means agreement and accrued means accumulated
Guarantee and Warranty
Guarantee is an agreement and warranty is a service contract
Guarantee is a business agreement and warranty is a service contract
Guarantee is a promise and warranty is a service contract
Guarantee is acceptance and warranty is a service contract
S1: Although all sources of energy ultimately come from natural processes, non-renewable resources cannot be replaced naturally at the rate they are being used.
S6: The sustainable use of natural resources in a manner that provides the maximum benefit of these resources to humans over a period of time can be termed as conservation.
Rearrange the following parts (P, Q, R, S) to form a coherent paragraph between S1 and S6:
P: This will increase the time and cost of mining and once these resources are used up they cannot be replaced.
Q: Hence, we must remember that though our country is rich in mineral deposits these resources are short-lived.
R: Extraction of these ores through the process of mining will soon become difficult and very expensive because these minerals have to be mined from greater depths over time.
S: Mineral resources can be said to be finite and non-renewable.
QPRS
SPQR
SQR P
SQPR
S1:India, at present, has one of the largest road networks in the world.
S6:It passes through Howrah, Delhi and Amritsar and terminates in Kabul (Afghanistan).
Rearrange the following parts (P, Q, R, S) to form a coherent paragraph between S1 and S6:
P: The importance of roads has been recognised in India since the ancient times.
Q: The Grand Trunk Road was built by Sher Shah Suri across the Indo-Gangetic plain, from Chittagong (Bangladesh) to Peshawar (Pakistan).
R: Kings such as Ashoka and Chandragupta built roads for easy transportation of goods and people.
S: Construction of roads continued as an important activity in the late medieval period.
QPRS
SPQR
PQRS
PRSQ
S1:National highways connect one state with another and are of national importance.
S6:These road systems are also known as primary road systems and are laid and operated under the supervision of the National Highway Authority of India.
Rearrange the following parts (P, Q, R, S) to form a coherent paragraph between S1 and S6:
P: They are important because whereas they constitute merely two per cent of the total road networks, they nevertheless carry 40 per cent of the total road traffic.
Q: The road infrastructure of the country is therefore crucial, and their construction and maintenance is of critical importance.
R: They bear the load of traffic because these roads connect long distances and pass through major cities and towns.
S: Since they cover the length and breadth of the nation and connect cities and towns, these highways are the primary facilitators of trade and connectivity.
PRSQ
SPQR
PRQS
SQRB
S1: The South African Constitution was inaugurated in December 1996.
S6: A special constitutional court enforces the rights enshrined in the Constitution.
P: Its creation and promulgation took place at a time when South Africa still faced the threat of a civil war after the dissolution of the Apartheid Government.
Q: The South African Constitution says that its “Bill of Rights is a cornerstone of democracy in South Africa.”
R: Apropos, it forbids discrimination on the grounds of “race, gender, pregnancy, marital status, ethnic or social origin, colour, age, disability, religion, conscience, belief, culture, language and birth”.
S: The Bill of Rights grants perhaps the most extensive range of rights to the citizens.
QSRP
SPQR
PQRS
PQSR
S1: Our Constitution reminds us of the necessity of representation in a large democracy.
S6: Elections have today become the most visible symbol of the democratic process.
P: This is why elections become important.
Q: Therefore representatives are elected by the people.
R: Whenever we think of India as a democracy, our mind invariably turns to our successful elections.
S: All citizens cannot participate in taking every decision.
Q S R P
S P Q R
P Q S R
S Q P R
________ your transfer request is concerned, we’ll be discussing it at the next meeting .
As far as
To begin with
By the way
Talking about
________, did you know Ravi has a new job?
For one thing
By the way
In the first place
As a result
________ the wind, it was getting stronger, and I was getting colder.
To begin with
By the way
First of all
Speaking of
________, what are you doing in my room?
On the other hand
Excuse me
Look there
Eventually
________ an unhappy childhood leads to criminal behaviour.
Still if
Even somewhat
In some cases
In progression
________, the problem is nothing but a wrong assumption about processes.
In the meanwhile
Somewhat
Engagingly
In other words
Many, ________, hesitate to publicly broach such question for fear of nurturing discrimination.
understandably
despite
until
of course
________, one notes that in the nineteenth century an important development of reflection and questioning gained momentum.
Particularly speaking
Generally speaking
Otherwise
Of course
________, the situation has completely transformed over the past few years.
Somewhat
Believably
Thus
Predominantly
________, the committee is of the opinion that all academic matters will be discussed in the Executive Body
Hence
But
Later
Although
Cynosure:
Person or thing that causes a change
Person or thing that attracts a lot of attention
Person or thing regarded as exact copy
Person or animal that lives in a particular place
Coeval:
Person of roughly the same age
Person or organisation that cooperates with others
Person employed to drive a private car
Person employed in taking census
Retrogression:
Sudden sharp drop in price
Reverse pressure
Return to earlier state
Sudden occurrence of a past event
Imprest:
Surprise attack by people
Money used to manage small expenses
Sudden occurrence of laughter
Sudden increase in activity
Turgid:
Determined or loyal
Dirty or untidy
Swollen or distended
Excited or upset
many of the people who had come to
(Q)
participate in the function
(P)
the auditorium was over-crowded
(R)
could not find a seat because
(S)
P R Q S
P Q R S
Q P S R
S P R Q
she knew that the answer
(Q)
lay outside her existing life
(P)
somewhere in the back of her mind
(R)
to her questions about life
(S)
R P Q S
Q S P R
Q P S R
R Q S P
works of literature
(P)
inside the pages of all good
(Q)
lies the truth about some of
(R)
the more challenging questions posed by humanity
(S)
P R Q S
Q P R S
Q P S R
R P S Q
Directions: Each of the following items in this section consists of a sentence, the parts of which hasve been jumbled. these parts have been labelled as P, Q, R and S. The parts are rearranged in four sequences, namely (a), (b), (c) and (d). You are required to select the most appropriate option that sequences the parts correctly and mark your response on the Answer sheet accordingly.
(P) - takes on account of its economic successes
(Q) - to address continuing social inequality
(R) - for every stride of progress any nation
(S) - it takes two back if it is unable
P R Q S
Q P R S
R P S Q
R P Q S
takes on account of its economic successes
(P)
to address continuing social inequality
(Q)
for every stride of progress any nation
(R)
it takes two back if it is unable
(S)
P R Q S
Q P R S
R P S Q
R P Q S
the book-value of a loan or
(P)
an intangible asset over a set period of time
(Q)
used to periodically lower
(R)
amortisation is an accounting technique
(S)
S R P Q
R S P Q
S R Q P
R P S Q
There is more than ________ to get the job done.
one way
one ways
any ways
any way
The class decided to organise ________.
picnic
a picnic
picnics
the picnic
The accused ________ before the judge.
tried
was trial
sat trial
stood trial
The manner in which the demolitions have been carried out ________ scrutiny by the High Court.
was under
under
is under
however under
Which of the following main industry/industries was/were developed in the second industrial revolution that took place after about 1850?
Coal and iron
Cotton spinning and weaving
Chemical and electrical
Steam engines
Which among the following materials was used in making the Harappan seals?
Sandstone
Lapis lazuli
Jasper
Steatite
Which one among the following mahajanapadas in ancient India was an oligarchy?
Vajji
Kosala
Gandhara
Magadha
Which one of the following sculptures found at Sanchi Stupa is NOT directly inspired by Buddhist ideas?
Empty seat
Shalabhanjika
Tree
Wheel
In British India, which one among the following Acts permitted detention without trial for up to two years?
Regulating Act, 1773
Rowlatt Act, 1919
Pitt’s India Act, 1784
Government of India Act, 1935
Which one of the following statements about the Bhoodan Movement is correct?
The target was to get one-sixth of cultivable land in India as donation
It was approved through a Central Government Act
It was ensured that the donated land was free from all litigation
The first donation of land was in Bihar
The Constitution (Seventy-third Amendment) Act provides for
an elaborate system of establishing municipal self-government
an elaborate system of establishing panchayats as units of self-government
establishing a Commission for Linguistic Minorities
the creation of the Jharkhand State
BHARATPOL portal has been developed by
The Election Commission of India
The Central Bureau of Investigation
The Enforcement Directorate
The Securities and Exchange Board of India
Which one of the following statements about the Parliament of India is correct?
A majority of members of Rajya Sabha are elected by a system of proportional representation by means of single transferable vote
The Deputy Chairperson of the Rajya Sabha is nominated by the President from among the members of the Rajya Sabha
The Lok Sabha cannot be dissolved before the completion of its five year term
The members of Lok Sabha also vote in the election of the members of Rajya Sabha
Which one among the following does NOT figure among the Five Principles of Panchsheel?
Mutual respect for each other's territorial integrity and sovereignty
Equality and mutual benefit
Peaceful coexistence
Nuclear non-proliferation
Maize (makka) was introduced into India in the seventeenth century via
Portugal
Africa and Spain
China and Mongolia
Turkey
Match List I with List II and select the answer using the code given below the Lists:
List I (Five Year Plan)
A. Fifth Five Year Plan
B. Seventh Five Year Plan
C. Ninth Five Year Plan
D. Eleventh Five Year Plan
List II (Objective)
-
Towards Faster and More Inclusive Growth
-
Garibi Hatao (Removal of Poverty)
-
Food, Work and Productivity
-
Growth with Social Justice and Equality
A-1, B-4, C-3, D-2
A-2, B-3, C-4, D-1
A-2, B-4, C-3, D-1
A-1, B-3, C-4, D-2
Which of the following statements about Srimanta Shankardeva is/are correct?
-
In the late fifteenth century Shankardeva emerged as one of the leading proponents of Vaishnavism in Assam
-
He was the founder of Gaudiya Vaishnavism
-
His teachings are known as Bhagavati Dharma
-
He encouraged the establishment of satra and naam ghar
1 and 2 only
2 and 3 only
1, 3 and 4 only
1, 2, 3 and 4
At which one among the following places did the British East India Company found its factory in the year 1611?
Madras
Masulipatnam
Bombay
Balasore
Chronologically arrange the following political events related to the Indian National Movement beginning from the earliest:
-
Formation of Swaraj Party
-
Communal Award
-
Lucknow Pact
-
Simla Conference
3, 1, 2, 4
1, 3, 2, 4
2, 1, 4, 3
1, 2, 3, 4
Which among the following Acts provided for the establishment of a Supreme Court of Justice at Calcutta for Europeans, their employees and the citizens of India?
The Regulating Act of 1773
The Charter Act of 1793
The Charter Act of 1813
Government of India Act of 1858
Who, among the following, introduced a resolution in 1882 which is also called the “Magna Carta of Local Self-Government” in India?
Lord Macaulay
Lord Canning
Lord Ripon
Lord William Bentinck
Which one of the following terms is associated with the practice of Sufism?
Jizya
Ijma
Muqaddam
Murid
Consider the following features:
-
Consent of the governed
-
Political equality
-
Accountability of the ruled to the ruler
Which of the above feature/features outline democratic rule?
1 and 2 only
2 and 3 only
1, 2 and 3
3 only
Placing the earliest first, arrange the following countries in the chronological order in which they granted universal adult franchise:
-
USA
-
Sri Lanka
-
Japan
-
India
1, 2, 3, 4
2, 3, 4, 1
1, 3, 4, 2
3, 4, 1, 2
Which one of the following statements is NOT correct?
The molecules of soap are sodium or potassium salts of long-chain fatty acids
The molecules of soap contain both hydrophobic and hydrophilic ends
Detergents are more effective than soaps in hard water
In micelles the ionic end of the molecules is towards the oil droplet while the other end faces outside
Which one of the following statements is correct?
A neutron is formed by combination of an electron and a proton. Therefore, it is neutral
The mass of an electron is about 1/2000 times that of a proton
An isotope of cobalt is used in the treatment of goiter
J. J. Thomson proposed that the nucleus of an atom contains only neutrons
Which one of the following particles in the nucleus of an atom was discovered by J. Chadwick?
Electron
Proton
Positron
Neutron
Which one of the following findings is NOT observed in Rutherford’s Nuclear Model of Atom?
There is a neutral centre in an atom called nucleus
Nearly all the mass of an atom resides in the nucleus
The electrons revolve around the nucleus in a circular path
The size of a nucleus is very small as compared to the size of atom
Element X forms a chloride with the formula XCl2, which is a solid with high melting point. X would most likely be in the same group of the periodic table as:
Na
Al
Mg
K
Which one of the following oxides is a neutral oxide?
CO
CO2
Na2O
MgO
Which one of the following statements is NOT correct?
A scale measuring hydrogen ion concentration in a solution is called pH scale
The higher the hydrogen ion concentration in a solution, higher is its pH
We can measure pH generally from 0 to 14 on a pH scale
The ‘p’ in pH stands for ‘potenz’ in German meaning power
Which one of the following statements is NOT correct?
Half mole of nitrogen gas is measured 11.2 litre at STP
17 gram of ammonia gas contains 6.022 × 10²³ molecules at STP
22.4 litre of CO2 gas at STP contains 44 gram of molecules
4 gram of hydrogen gas contains 6.022 × 10²³ molecules
Which one of the following statements about a compound is NOT correct?
A compound is a substance composed of two or more elements, chemically combined in a fixed proportion
Properties of a compound are different from its constituent elements
A compound is an impure substance
The constituents of a compound can be separated only by chemical or electrochemical reactions
Which one of the following is also known as Dry ice in its solid form?
SiO2
CO2
CaO
MgO
Match List I with List II and select the answer using the code given below the Lists:
| List I (Chemical Name) |
List II (Chemical Formula) |
| A. Washing soda |
1. CaOCl2 |
| B. Baking soda |
2. NaHCO3 |
| C. Bleaching powder |
3. Na2CO3·10H2O |
| D. Gypsum |
4. CaSO4·2H2O |
4 2 1 3
4 1 2 3
4 1 2 4
3 2 1 4
Which one of the following nitrogen oxides may dimerize?
N2O
NO2
N2O3
N2O5
Which one of the following statements regarding oxidation and reduction reactions is NOT correct?
If a substance loses hydrogen during reaction, it is reduced
If a substance loses oxygen during reaction, it is reduced
If a substance gains hydrogen during reaction, it is reduced
If a substance gains oxygen during reaction, it is oxidized
Match List I with List II and select the answer using the code given below the Lists:
List I (Physical Quantity)
A. Temperature
B. Weight
C. Mass
D. Pressure
List II (SI Unit)
-
Kelvin
-
Kilogram
-
Pascal
-
Newton
A-1, B-2, C-4, D-3
A-3, B-4, C-2, D-1
A-1, B-4, C-2, D-3
A-3, B-2, C-4, D-1
For acid rain, the pH of rain water should be less than
7·0
6·6
5·6
8·0
Consider the following lines of Longitude and Latitude:
-
Prime Meridian
-
Tropic of Cancer
-
Equator
Which of the above lines is/are a Great Circle?
1, 2 and 3
1 and 2 only
1 and 3 only
3 only
Which of the following is the correct ascending order of the given minerals in terms of their presence in the Earth’s crust?
-
Amphibolite
-
Mica
-
Pyroxene
2, 3, 1
1, 2, 3
2, 1, 3
1, 3, 2
Which of the following is/are the applied forces in mechanical weathering process?
-
Gravitational force
-
Expansion force
-
Force due to water pressure
1 only
1 and 2 only
2 and 3 only
1, 2 and 3
Which of the following is/are cold ocean current/currents?
-
Alaska Current
-
North Atlantic Drift
-
West Wind Drift
1 only
1 and 2
2 and 3
3 only
Which one of the following latitudes will experience a minimum angle of the Sun’s rays when it is Summer Solstice in the Northern Hemisphere?
Arctic Circle
Equator
Tropic of Cancer
Tropic of Capricorn
Which of the following statements with reference to Coriolis force is/are correct?
-
Coriolis force acts perpendicular to the pressure gradient force
-
At the equator, the Coriolis force is zero and the wind blows perpendicular to the isobars
1 only
2 only
Both 1 and 2
Neither 1 nor 2
Which of the following statements with reference to Sleet is/are correct?
-
Sleet is frozen raindrops and refrozen melted snow-water
-
It occurs when a layer of air with the temperature below freezing point overlies a warm layer near the ground surface
1 only
2 only
Both 1 and 2
Neither 1 nor 2
Humid Subtropical Climate is NOT experienced in which one among the following regions?
Coastal South Africa
East coast of Australia
South Japan
South Argentina
Mahendragiri, the highest peak of the Eastern Ghats, is located in which one of the following states?
Andhra Pradesh
Odisha
Telangana
Tamil Nadu
Temperate forests of South India, known as ‘Sholas’ are found in which of the following hills?
-
Anaimalai
-
Nilgiris
-
Palani
1 only
1 and 2 only
2 and 3 only
1, 2 and 3
As per the Annual Report 2023-24 of the Ministry of Mines, Government of India, which of the following states are the major producer of Copper in the country?
Rajasthan and Gujarat
Rajasthan and Madhya Pradesh
Jharkhand and Rajasthan
Jharkhand and Madhya Pradesh
Which one among the following is NOT a major oil field located in Gujarat?
Ankaleshwar
Kosamba
Mehsana
Moran
As per the Land Revenue Records, any land is categorized as Culturable Waste-Land if it is left fallow (uncultivated) for more than
2 years
3 years
4 years
5 years
Which one among the following is NOT included in the National Food Security Mission Commercial Crops (NFSM-CC)?
Cotton
Coffee
Jute
Sugar cane
Consider the following statements with regard to a steel plant:
I. It was setup in 1964 with Russian collaboration
II. It receives iron ore from the Rourkela region
III. Water and Hydel power is supplied by the Damodar Valley Corporation
Identify the Steel Plant on the basis of the above facts:
Bhilai Steel Plant
Bokaro Steel Plant
Rourkela Steel Plant
Durgapur Steel Plant