Each of the following sentences has word/words underlined. Read the sentence carefully and find which word class the underlined word/ words belongs/ belong to. Indicate your response on the Answer Sheet accordingly.
Question:
I like that boy.
Noun
Demonstrative Pronoun
Participle
Conjunction
Each of the following sentences has word/words underlined. Read the sentence carefully and find which word class the underlined word/ words belongs/ belong to. Indicate your response on the Answer Sheet accordingly.
Question:
Without health there is no happiness.
Noun
Pronoun
Adjective
Adverb
Each of the following sentences has word/words underlined. Read the sentence carefully and find which word class the underlined word/ words belongs/ belong to. Indicate your response on the Answer Sheet accordingly.
Question:
You have no sense.
Noun
Determiner
Adverb
Preposition
Each of the following sentences has word/words underlined. Read the sentence carefully and find which word class the underlined word/ words belongs/ belong to. Indicate your response on the Answer Sheet accordingly.
Question:
None of these cars is in use.
Reflexive Pronoun
Demonstrative Pronoun
Distributive Pronoun
Indefinite Pronoun
Each of the following sentences has word/words underlined. Read the sentence carefully and find which word class the underlined word/ words belongs/ belong to. Indicate your response on the Answer Sheet accordingly.
Question:
We shall now begin to work.
Adverb
Adjective
Conjunction
Pronoun
Each of the following sentences has word/words underlined. Read the sentence carefully and find which word class the underlined word/ words belongs/ belong to. Indicate your response on the Answer Sheet accordingly.
Question:
Owing to his ill health, he retired from business.
Conjunction
Preposition
Participle
Conjunction
Each of the following sentences has word/words underlined. Read the sentence carefully and find which word class the underlined word/ words belongs/ belong to. Indicate your response on the Answer Sheet accordingly.
Question:
My sister is just sixteen and therefore not eligible to vote
Gerund
Adverb
Adjective
Conjunction
Each of the following sentences has word/words underlined. Read the sentence carefully and find which word class the underlined word/ words belongs/ belong to. Indicate your response on the Answer Sheet accordingly.
Question:
They tried to find fault with us.
Participle
Verb
Infinitive
Gerund
Each of the following sentences has word/words underlined. Read the sentence carefully and find which word class the underlined word/ words belongs/ belong to. Indicate your response on the Answer Sheet accordingly.
Question:
Which way shall we go?
Noun
Gerund
Conjunction
Adjective
Each of the following sentences has word/words underlined. Read the sentence carefully and find which word class the underlined word/ words belongs/ belong to. Indicate your response on the Answer Sheet accordingly.
Question:
Alas ! He is dead.
Determiner
Conjunction
Preposition
Interjection
FILL IN THE BLANKS
Directions: Each of the following sentences in this section has a blank space and is followed by four choices. Select the most appropriate choice to fill in the blank space.
Question:
He was _______ speaker that I had ever heard.
the most eloquent
the more eloquent
very eloquent
eloquen
FILL IN THE BLANKS
Directions: Each of the following sentences in this section has a blank space and is followed by four choices. Select the most appropriate choice to fill in the blank space.
Question:
What was the name of the person to you spoke on the phone?
who
whom
whose
which
FILL IN THE BLANKS
Directions: Each of the following sentences in this section has a blank space and is followed by four choices. Select the most appropriate choice to fill in the blank space.
Question:
Have you seen Mohan ______ ?
lately
yesterday
lastly
late
FILL IN THE BLANKS
Directions: Each of the following sentences in this section has a blank space and is followed by four choices. Select the most appropriate choice to fill in the blank space.
Question:
We live in ______ an old house.
rather
fairly
quite
pretty
FILL IN THE BLANKS
Directions: Each of the following sentences in this section has a blank space and is followed by four choices. Select the most appropriate choice to fill in the blank space.
Question:
I'm playing tennis tomorrow unless ________.
it rains
it doesn't rain
it rained
it may rain
FILL IN THE BLANKS
Directions: Each of the following sentences in this section has a blank space and is followed by four choices. Select the most appropriate choice to fill in the blank space.
Question:
The _______ of the car is unknown.
make up
making
made up
make
FILL IN THE BLANKS
Directions: Each of the following sentences in this section has a blank space and is followed by four choices. Select the most appropriate choice to fill in the blank space.
Question:
He paid his debts ______ to the last penny.
down
over
full
fully
FILL IN THE BLANKS
Directions: Each of the following sentences in this section has a blank space and is followed by four choices. Select the most appropriate choice to fill in the blank space.
Question:
Developing ________ in a diverse country requires detailed planning.
rowth
scarcity
poverty
infrastructure
FILL IN THE BLANKS
Directions: Each of the following sentences in this section has a blank space and is followed by four choices. Select the most appropriate choice to fill in the blank space.
Question:
_________provisions have been made to support agriculture.
Procurement
Subsidized
Adequate
Capital
FILL IN THE BLANKS
Directions: Each of the following sentences in this section has a blank space and is followed by four choices. Select the most appropriate choice to fill in the blank space.
Question:
The ______ growth in the Indian financial markets can be attributed to a number of reforms.
efficiency
phenomenal
catastrophe
meteor
Directions : Each of the following items in this section consists of a sentence, chunks of which have been jumbled up. These chunks have been labelled as P, Q, Rand S. Each sentence is followed by four sequences, namely (a), (b), (c) and (d) indicating the rearrangement of the chunks . You are required to select the most appropriate option.
Question:
India has become with time accounting for 25 per cent of the total available water the world's largest extractor of groundwater
P Q R S
PQRS
PRSQ
QPSR
QRPS
Directions : Each of the following items in this section consists of a sentence, chunks of which have been jumbled up. These chunks have been labelled as P, Q, Rand S. Each sentence is followed by four sequences, namely (a), (b), (c) and (d) indicating the rearrangement of the chunks . You are required to select the most appropriate option.
Question:
present existential perils all over the world the extremes of climate change
P Q R S
RSPQ
PRSQ
QPSR
QRPS
Directions : Each of the following items in this section consists of a sentence, chunks of which have been jumbled up. These chunks have been labelled as P, Q, Rand S. Each sentence is followed by four sequences, namely (a), (b), (c) and (d) indicating the rearrangement of the chunks . You are required to select the most appropriate option.
Question:
the company forecasts aviation market amongst the G20 countries that India will be the fastest growing
P Q R S
RSPQ
PSQR
SPQR
QRPS
Directions : Each of the following items in this section consists of a sentence, chunks of which have been jumbled up. These chunks have been labelled as P, Q, Rand S. Each sentence is followed by four sequences, namely (a), (b), (c) and (d) indicating the rearrangement of the chunks . You are required to select the most appropriate option.
Question:
near villages or herder camps shangdongs are traditional stonewalls, usually built trapping pits with inverted funnel-shaped
P Q R S
RSPQ
SPQR
PRSQ
QSRP
Directions : Each of the following items in this section consists of a sentence, chunks of which have been jumbled up. These chunks have been labelled as P, Q, Rand S. Each sentence is followed by four sequences, namely (a), (b), (c) and (d) indicating the rearrangement of the chunks . You are required to select the most appropriate option.
Question:
veral antiquities from other nations over the years India has brought back
P Q R S
RSPQ
RQSP
QRSP
QSPR
Directions : Each of the following items in this section consists of a sentence, chunks of which have been jumbled up. These chunks have been labelled as P, Q, Rand S. Each sentence is followed by four sequences, namely (a), (b), (c) and (d) indicating the rearrangement of the chunks . You are required to select the most appropriate option.
Question:
the Aravalli hill ranges of the Yamuna river and are spread out over the natural landscapes the biodiversity parks
P Q R S
PRSQ
QRSP
SRQP
QSPR
Directions : Each of the following items in this section consists of a sentence, chunks of which have been jumbled up. These chunks have been labelled as P, Q, Rand S. Each sentence is followed by four sequences, namely (a), (b), (c) and (d) indicating the rearrangement of the chunks . You are required to select the most appropriate option.
Question:
the family found out their mother's friends were going to that some of Poland in a car
P Q R S
PRQS
QSPR
SPRQ
RQSP
Directions : Each of the following items in this section consists of a sentence, chunks of which have been jumbled up. These chunks have been labelled as P, Q, Rand S. Each sentence is followed by four sequences, namely (a), (b), (c) and (d) indicating the rearrangement of the chunks . You are required to select the most appropriate option.
Question:
earth may seem immense from the perspective of humans and almost limitless living on its surface
P Q R S
PQRS
SPRQ
QSPR
RPSQ
Directions : Each of the following items in this section consists of a sentence, chunks of which have been jumbled up. These chunks have been labelled as P, Q, Rand S. Each sentence is followed by four sequences, namely (a), (b), (c) and (d) indicating the rearrangement of the chunks . You are required to select the most appropriate option.
Question:
in terms of trading volumes, have grown substantially market capitalization and turnover the Indian financial markets
P Q R S
PQRS
QRPS
RSPQ
SQPR
Directions : Each of the following items in this section consists of a sentence, chunks of which have been jumbled up. These chunks have been labelled as P, Q, Rand S. Each sentence is followed by four sequences, namely (a), (b), (c) and (d) indicating the rearrangement of the chunks . You are required to select the most appropriate option.
Question:
emerge at last into a those who passed through country of unearthly beauty that valley of darkness
P Q R S
PRQS
QSPR
RPQS
SQRP
Directions : Given below are some idioms/phrases followed by four alternative meanings to each. Choose the response (a), (b), (c) or (d) which is the most appropriate meaning and mark your response on the Answer Sheet accordingly.
Question:
Have an axe to grind
to have a selfish aim or motive
a thing that causes problems
an essential equipment for work
to behave arrogantly
Directions : Given below are some idioms/phrases followed by four alternative meanings to each. Choose the response (a), (b), (c) or (d) which is the most appropriate meaning and mark your response on the Answer Sheet accordingly.
Question:
Bite the bullet
to be angry and unhappy
to start doing something in a very keen way
to accept something unpleasant and difficult
to try to do more than you are able to do
Directions : Given below are some idioms/phrases followed by four alternative meanings to each. Choose the response (a), (b), (c) or (d) which is the most appropriate meaning and mark your response on the Answer Sheet accordingly.
Question:
Laughing stock
someone who does something very stupid and is made fun of
to avoid conflict
to laugh at someone secretly
a jovial and respected person
Directions : Given below are some idioms/phrases followed by four alternative meanings to each. Choose the response (a), (b), (c) or (d) which is the most appropriate meaning and mark your response on the Answer Sheet accordingly.
Question:
Pay over the odds
to get dividends for investments
to work hard to make payments
to treat someone in the bad way
to pay more for something than it is worth
Directions : Given below are some idioms/phrases followed by four alternative meanings to each. Choose the response (a), (b), (c) or (d) which is the most appropriate meaning and mark your response on the Answer Sheet accordingly.
Question:
Play to the gallery
to do something alone
to say things that will make people admire you
to behave in a very annoying way
to take big risks in business
Directions : Given below are some idioms/phrases followed by four alternative meanings to each. Choose the response (a), (b), (c) or (d) which is the most appropriate meaning and mark your response on the Answer Sheet accordingly.
Question:
Be in the soup
to be in trouble
to be very healthy
to be good at the workplace
to be honest to people
Directions : Given below are some idioms/phrases followed by four alternative meanings to each. Choose the response (a), (b), (c) or (d) which is the most appropriate meaning and mark your response on the Answer Sheet accordingly.
Question:
A turn of the screw
to begin to behave in a more positive way
to change people's opinions in your favour
to become unpopular
an action which makes a bad situation worse
Directions : Given below are some idioms/phrases followed by four alternative meanings to each. Choose the response (a), (b), (c) or (d) which is the most appropriate meaning and mark your response on the Answer Sheet accordingly.
Question:
A white elephant
someone who is completely good and honest
something that has cost a lot of money but has no useful purpose
a situation where you waste time looking for something
to make someone feel anxious
Directions : Given below are some idioms/phrases followed by four alternative meanings to each. Choose the response (a), (b), (c) or (d) which is the most appropriate meaning and mark your response on the Answer Sheet accordingly.
Question:
A hot potato
someone who is very angry
something that is difficult to deal with
someone who is holier than appears to be
to be unable to decide
Directions : Given below are some idioms/phrases followed by four alternative meanings to each. Choose the response (a), (b), (c) or (d) which is the most appropriate meaning and mark your response on the Answer Sheet accordingly.
Question:
Apples and oranges
eople who are close to each other
people who argue a lot
people who are different and thus incomparable
people who fight over minor issues
Directions: Each item in this section has a sentence with three underlined parts labelled as (a), (b) and (c). Read each sentence to find out whether there is any error in any part and indicate your response on the Answer Sheet against the corresponding letter, i.e., (a) or (b) or (c). If you find no error, your response should be indicated as (d).
Question:
Question as per direction
Guest is
unwelcome
when he stays too long.
No error
Directions: Each item in this section has a sentence with three underlined parts labelled as (a), (b) and (c). Read each sentence to find out whether there is any error in any part and indicate your response on the Answer Sheet against the corresponding letter, i.e., (a) or (b) or (c). If you find no error, your response should be indicated as (d).
Question:
Question as per direction.
My friend and benefactor
has
come.
No error
Directions: Each item in this section has a sentence with three underlined parts labelled as (a), (b) and (c). Read each sentence to find out whether there is any error in any part and indicate your response on the Answer Sheet against the corresponding letter, i.e., (a) or (b) or (c). If you find no error, your response should be indicated as (d).
Question:
Question as per direction.
Either he
or I
am mistaken.
No error
Directions: Each item in this section has a sentence with three underlined parts labelled as (a), (b) and (c). Read each sentence to find out whether there is any error in any part and indicate your response on the Answer Sheet against the corresponding letter, i.e., (a) or (b) or (c). If you find no error, your response should be indicated as (d).
Question:
Question as per direction.
Each of
these substances
are found in India.
No error
Directions: Each item in this section has a sentence with three underlined parts labelled as (a), (b) and (c). Read each sentence to find out whether there is any error in any part and indicate your response on the Answer Sheet against the corresponding letter, i.e., (a) or (b) or (c). If you find no error, your response should be indicated as (d).
Question:
Question as per direction.
Who
do you wish
to see?
No error
Directions: Each item in this section has a sentence with three underlined parts labelled as (a), (b) and (c). Read each sentence to find out whether there is any error in any part and indicate your response on the Answer Sheet against the corresponding letter, i.e., (a) or (b) or (c). If you find no error, your response should be indicated as (d).
Question:
Question as per direction.
It was one of the best speeches
that has ever been
made in the Parliament.
No error
Directions: Each item in this section has a sentence with three underlined parts labelled as (a), (b) and (c). Read each sentence to find out whether there is any error in any part and indicate your response on the Answer Sheet against the corresponding letter, i.e., (a) or (b) or (c). If you find no error, your response should be indicated as (d).
Question:
Question as per direction.
I played with
same bat
that you used.
No error
Directions: Each item in this section has a sentence with three underlined parts labelled as (a), (b) and (c). Read each sentence to find out whether there is any error in any part and indicate your response on the Answer Sheet against the corresponding letter, i.e., (a) or (b) or (c). If you find no error, your response should be indicated as (d).
Question:
Question as per direction.
is written statement
defers in several important respects
from his oral statement.
No error
Directions: Each item in this section has a sentence with three underlined parts labelled as (a), (b) and (c). Read each sentence to find out whether there is any error in any part and indicate your response on the Answer Sheet against the corresponding letter, i.e., (a) or (b) or (c). If you find no error, your response should be indicated as (d).
Question:
Question as per direction.
I have ordered for
three cups
of coffee
No error
Directions: Each item in this section has a sentence with three underlined parts labelled as (a), (b) and (c). Read each sentence to find out whether there is any error in any part and indicate your response on the Answer Sheet against the corresponding letter, i.e., (a) or (b) or (c). If you find no error, your response should be indicated as (d).
Question:
Question as per direction.
One must not
boast of
one's own success.
No error
Directions : Each item in this section consists of a sentence with an underlined word followed by four words/ groups of words. Select the option that is nearest in meaning to the underlined word and mark your response on the Answer Sheet accordingly.
Question:
There are plenty of graduates anxious for work
composed
eager
indifferent
prominent
Directions : Each item in this section consists of a sentence with an underlined word followed by four words/ groups of words. Select the option that is nearest in meaning to the underlined word and mark your response on the Answer Sheet accordingly.
Question:
The power of the monarchy was circumscribed by the new law.
constrained
naturalized
circumvented
notified
Directions : Each item in this section consists of a sentence with an underlined word followed by four words/ groups of words. Select the option that is nearest in meaning to the underlined word and mark your response on the Answer Sheet accordingly.
Question:
We caught him eavesdropping outside the window.
wandering aimlessly
talking loudly
listening secretly
reflecting calmly
Directions : Each item in this section consists of a sentence with an underlined word followed by four words/ groups of words. Select the option that is nearest in meaning to the underlined word and mark your response on the Answer Sheet accordingly.
Question:
The party leader exhorted his members to start preparing for the formation of their government.
expected
urged
facilitated
discouraged
Directions : Each item in this section consists of a sentence with an underlined word followed by four words/ groups of words. Select the option that is nearest in meaning to the underlined word and mark your response on the Answer Sheet accordingly.
Question:
The local people are hospitable to strangers.
surly
distant
frosty
cordial
Directions : Each item in this section consists of a sentence with an underlined word followed by four words/ groups of words. Select the option that is nearest in meaning to the underlined word and mark your response on the Answer Sheet accordingly.
Question:
Such traditional methods seem incongruous in our technical age.
unswerving
constant
unvarying
inappropriate
Directions : Each item in this section consists of a sentence with an underlined word followed by four words/ groups of words. Select the option that is nearest in meaning to the underlined word and mark your response on the Answer Sheet accordingly.
Question:
Mohan has mercurial temperament.
volatile
pleasant
agreeable
merciful
Directions : Each item in this section consists of a sentence with an underlined word followed by four words/ groups of words. Select the option that is nearest in meaning to the underlined word and mark your response on the Answer Sheet accordingly.
Question:
It is obligatory for all employees to wear protective clothing.
voluntary
elective
optional
essential
Directions : Each item in this section consists of a sentence with an underlined word followed by four words/ groups of words. Select the option that is nearest in meaning to the underlined word and mark your response on the Answer Sheet accordingly.
Question:
She has a genetic predisposition to liver disease.
resistance
immunity
vulnerability
exemption
Directions : Each item in this section consists of a sentence with an underlined word followed by four words/ groups of words. Select the option that is nearest in meaning to the underlined word and mark your response on the Answer Sheet accordingly.
Question:
She wore a sardonic smile on her face.
mocking
respectful
reverential
deferential
ORDERING OF SENTENCES
Directions : In this section, each item consists of six sentences of a passage. The first and sixth sentences are marked as S1 and S6. The middle four sentences in each have been jumbled up and labelled as P, Q, R and S. This is followed by four options each suggesting a sequence of the sen tences . Identify the most appropriate option.
Question:
S1 : Like many of its tropical counterparts, India was a colony of Britain, which ruled out any move to adjust the exchange rate.
S6 : Banks were left with unrecove rable assets.
P Indebted business failed.
Q With devaluation made politically impossible, fall in export demand led to sustained and deep defla tion.
R Indebted households liquidated a variety of assets to repay loans when they could.
S Real interest rates rose.
The correct sequence should be
RSPQ
QSRP
SQPR
PSRQ
ORDERING OF SENTENCES
Directions : In this section, each item consists of six sentences of a passage. The first and sixth sentences are marked as S1 and S6. The middle four sentences in each have been jumbled up and labelled as P, Q, R and S. This is followed by four options each suggesting a sequence of the sen tences . Identify the most appropriate option.
Question:
S1 : Consider the potential effect of just a small increase in the earth's atmospheric temperature.
S6 : If the sea level rose only a few feet, dozens of coastal cities would be destroyed and life would change utterly.
P Some deserts might anyway bloom.
Q But lands now fertile might tum to deserts, and many hot climates could become uninhabitable.
R A rise of only a few degrees could melt the polar ice caps and submerge the planet in a short time.
S Rainfall patterns would change.
The correct sequence should be
SQPR
RQSP
RSPQ
QRSP
ORDERING OF SENTENCES
Directions : In this section, each item consists of six sentences of a passage. The first and sixth sentences are marked as S1 and S6. The middle four sentences in each have been jumbled up and labelled as P, Q, R and S. This is followed by four options each suggesting a sequence of the sen tences . Identify the most appropriate option.
Question:
S1 : In the ancient times, the kings and the royal families had their own banner and seal.
S6 : So the high officials commanded great respect because of the descent, ability and character.
P All the members of the royal family shared in the adminis tration as far as possible.
Q The royal palace was maintained in a great state.
R The king was in theory an autocrat.
S There were opportunities to influence the king in the formulation of policies
The correct sequence should be
RSPQ
QRPS
PQSR
QPSR
ORDERING OF SENTENCES
Directions : In this section, each item consists of six sentences of a passage. The first and sixth sentences are marked as S1 and S6. The middle four sentences in each have been jumbled up and labelled as P, Q, R and S. This is followed by four options each suggesting a sequence of the sen tences . Identify the most appropriate option.
Question:
S1 : The rise of East Asia in the late twentieth century may ultimately prove to be a more important world-historical event than the collapse of communism.
S6 : Translated into political terms, this means that industrial capitalism is always accompanied by liberal democracy.
P : In the final two decades of the twentieth century, economic growth rates on the western rim of the Pacific Basin were between two and four times higher than those in the 'developed' economies of Europe and North America.
Q : The widespread assumption has been that modernization means westernization.
R Certainly, the balance of the world's economy shifted markedly from the West to the East in this period.
S : However, the notion that there is distinctively East Asian political form is less familiar one.
The correct sequence should be
RSPQ
PQSR
SPQR
RPSQ
ORDERING OF SENTENCES
Directions : In this section, each item consists of six sentences of a passage. The first and sixth sentences are marked as S1 and S6. The middle four sentences in each have been jumbled up and labelled as P, Q, R and S. This is followed by four options each suggesting a sequence of the sen tences . Identify the most appropriate option.
Question:
S1 : Manipur has a long and glorious history from before the beginning of the Christian Era.
S6 : Manipur regained its indepen dence in 1947 and merged into Indian Union in 1949
P : Then , Manipur came under the British rule in 1891.
Q :The independence and sover eignty remained uninterrupted until the Burmese invasion and occupation for around seven years in the first quarter of the 19th century (1819-1826).
R : The political history of Manipur could be traced back to 33 AD with the coronation of Nongda Lairen Pakhangba.
S : After Pakhangba, a number of kings ruled over the Kingdom of Manipur.
The correct sequence should be
RSPQ
PQRS
RSQP
QPRS
ORDERING OF SENTENCES
Directions : In this section, each item consists of six sentences of a passage. The first and sixth sentences are marked as S1 and S6. The middle four sentences in each have been jumbled up and labelled as P, Q, R and S. This is followed by four options each suggesting a sequence of the sen tences . Identify the most appropriate option.
Question:
S1 : In agriculture, water is mainly used for irrigation.
S6 : Hence, it is difficult to practice agriculture without assured irrigation during dry seasons.
p The large tracts of the country are deficient in rainfall and are drought prone.
Q Winter and summer seasons are more or less dry in most part of the country.
R Irrigation is needed because of spatio-temporal variability m rainfall in the country.
S North-Western India and Deccan Plateau constitute such areas.
The correct sequence should be
RPSQ
RSPQ
SPQR
QPRS
ORDERING OF SENTENCES
Directions : In this section, each item consists of six sentences of a passage. The first and sixth sentences are marked as S1 and S6. The middle four sentences in each have been jumbled up and labelled as P, Q, R and S. This is followed by four options each suggesting a sequence of the sen tences . Identify the most appropriate option.
Question:
Vijayanagara or 'city of victory' was the name of both a city and an empire.
S6 They remembered it as Hampi, a name derived from that of the local Mother Goddess, Pampadevi.
p : In its heyday, it stretched from the river Krishna in the North to the extreme South of the peninsula.
Q : The empire was founded in the fourteenth century.
R : In 1565, the city was destroyed and subsequently deserted.
S : Although it fell into ruin in the seventeenth-eighteenth centuries, it lived on in the memories of people living in the Krishna Tungabhadra Doab.
The correct sequence should be
PRQS
SPRQ
QPRS
RSPQ
ORDERING OF SENTENCES
Directions : In this section, each item consists of six sentences of a passage. The first and sixth sentences are marked as S1 and S6. The middle four sentences in each have been jumbled up and labelled as P, Q, R and S. This is followed by four options each suggesting a sequence of the sen tences . Identify the most appropriate option.
Question:
S1 : During the past two decades, many organizations in both the manufacturing and service sectors have faced dramatic changes in their business environment.
S6 : These changes have had a significant influence on manage ment accounting systems.
P : To succeed in today's highly competitive environment, com panies have made customer satisfaction an overriding priority.
Q : They have also adopted new management approaches and manufacturing companies havechanged their manufacturing systems and invested in new technologies.
R : Deregulation and extensive competition from overseas com panies in domestic markets have resulted in a situation in which most companies now operate in a highly competitive global market.
S :At the same time there has been a significant reduction in product life cycles arising from techno logical innovations and the need to meet increasingly discrimi nating customer demands.
The correct sequence should be
PQRS
RSPQ
SRQP
QPRS
ORDERING OF SENTENCES
Directions : In this section, each item consists of six sentences of a passage. The first and sixth sentences are marked as S1 and S6. The middle four sentences in each have been jumbled up and labelled as P, Q, R and S. This is followed by four options each suggesting a sequence of the sen tences . Identify the most appropriate option.
Question:
S1 : Gregor Johann Mendel was born on July 22, 1822 in Austria.
S6 : Based on his experiments on a total of seven characteristics in garden pea, he established Law of Segregation and Law of Independent Assortment.
P : His pioneering work laid the foundation of science of genetics and therefore, he is known as the 'Father of Genetics'.
Q : There he was exposed to the lab facilities and got interested in research and teaching.
R : In 1843, Mendel began studying even while being a monk at St. Thomas Monastery in Brno.
S : His experiments focussed on cross-breeding of pea plants and gathering data on the variations of several generations.
The correct sequence should be
RSPQ
PQSR
PRQS
SPQR
ORDERING OF SENTENCES
Directions : In this section, each item consists of six sentences of a passage. The first and sixth sentences are marked as S1 and S6. The middle four sentences in each have been jumbled up and labelled as P, Q, R and S. This is followed by four options each suggesting a sequence of the sen tences . Identify the most appropriate option.
Question:
S1 : Mahatma Gandhi found in salt a powerful symbol that could unite the nation.
S6 : The tax on salt and the government monopoly over its production, Mahatma Gandhi declared, revealed the most oppressive face of the British rule.
P : On 31 January, 1930, he sent a letter to Viceroy Irwin stating eleven demands.
Q : The idea was to make the demands wide-ranging, so that all classes within Indian society could identify with them and everyone could be brought together in a united campaign.
R : Salt was something consumed by the rich and the poor alike, and it was one of the most essential
items of food.
S : The most stirring of all was the demand to abolish the salt tax.
The correct sequence should be
PQSR
SRQP
RPQS
QPRS
ANTONYMS
Directions : Each item in this section consists of a sentence with an underlined word followed by four words or groups of words. Select the option that is opposite in meaning to the underlined word and mark your response on the Answer Sheet accordingly.
Question:
Brevity is the soul of wit.
concision
economy
terseness
verbosity
ANTONYMS
Directions : Each item in this section consists of a sentence with an underlined word followed by four words or groups of words. Select the option that is opposite in meaning to the underlined word and mark your response on the Answer Sheet accordingly.
Question:
Blend the grains to make a smooth paste.
separate
mingle
coalesce
amalgamate
ANTONYMS
Directions : Each item in this section consists of a sentence with an underlined word followed by four words or groups of words. Select the option that is opposite in meaning to the underlined word and mark your response on the Answer Sheet accordingly.
Question:
The project wasted a considerable amount of time and money.
substantial
trifling
plentiful
abundant
ANTONYMS
Directions : Each item in this section consists of a sentence with an underlined word followed by four words or groups of words. Select the option that is opposite in meaning to the underlined word and mark your response on the Answer Sheet accordingly.
Question:
She has always been disdainful of people who haven't been to college.
contemptuous
dismissive
scornful
respectful
ANTONYMS
Directions : Each item in this section consists of a sentence with an underlined word followed by four words or groups of words. Select the option that is opposite in meaning to the underlined word and mark your response on the Answer Sheet accordingly.
Question:
He had a frugal lunch.
sparing
extravagant
meagre
delicious
ANTONYMS
Directions : Each item in this section consists of a sentence with an underlined word followed by four words or groups of words. Select the option that is opposite in meaning to the underlined word and mark your response on the Answer Sheet accordingly.
Question:
He is forced to lead an itinerant life.
vagrant
roving
settled
nomadic
ANTONYMS
Directions : Each item in this section consists of a sentence with an underlined word followed by four words or groups of words. Select the option that is opposite in meaning to the underlined word and mark your response on the Answer Sheet accordingly.
Question:
His malicious intentions were aborted.
pernicious
spiteful
benevolent
vindictive
ANTONYMS
Directions : Each item in this section consists of a sentence with an underlined word followed by four words or groups of words. Select the option that is opposite in meaning to the underlined word and mark your response on the Answer Sheet accordingly.
Question:
Comics tend to perpetuate several myths.
cease
conserve
sustain
maintain
ANTONYMS
Directions : Each item in this section consists of a sentence with an underlined word followed by four words or groups of words. Select the option that is opposite in meaning to the underlined word and mark your response on the Answer Sheet accordingly.
Question:
Krishna is a redoubtable person.
formidable
fearsome
awe inspiring
unimpressive
ANTONYMS
Directions : Each item in this section consists of a sentence with an underlined word followed by four words or groups of words. Select the option that is opposite in meaning to the underlined word and mark your response on the Answer Sheet accordingly.
Question:
The movie is about fusion of old and contemporary ideas.
joining
bonding
separation
blending
CLOZE COMPOSITION
Directions: In this section, there is a passage having some blank spaces with four words or groups of words given. Select whichever word or group of words you consider the most appropriate for the blank space and indicate your response on the Answer Sheet accordingly.
Question:
It is necessary, ___________ any war, to consider, not its proper justification in
in regard to
connecting
describing
linking
CLOZE COMPOSITION
Directions: In this section, there is a passage having some blank spaces with four words or groups of words given. Select whichever word or group of words you consider the most appropriate for the blank space and indicate your response on the Answer Sheet accordingly.
Question:
past agreements,______ its real justification in the balance of good which it
and
until
but
unless
CLOZE COMPOSITION
Directions: In this section, there is a passage having some blank spaces with four words or groups of words given. Select whichever word or group of words you consider the most appropriate for the blank space and indicate your response on the Answer Sheet accordingly.
Question:
is to bring to mankind. At the beginning of a war, each nation, under the influence of what is called ________believes that its own victory is
disloyalty,
patriotism,
infidelity,
falseness,
CLOZE COMPOSITION
Directions: In this section, there is a passage having some blank spaces with four words or groups of words given. Select whichever word or group of words you consider the most appropriate for the blank space and indicate your response on the Answer Sheet accordingly.
Question:
________certain and of great importance to mankind. The praiseworthiness of
nationally
individually
autonomously
both
CLOZE COMPOSITION
Directions: In this section, there is a passage having some blank spaces with four words or groups of words given. Select whichever word or group of words you consider the most appropriate for the blank space and indicate your response on the Answer Sheet accordingly.
Question:
this belief has become an accepted maxim of common sense : even when war is actually in progress it ________to be natural and right that a citizen of an enemy country
is held
has been withheld
was held
had been withheld
CLOZE COMPOSITION
Directions: In this section, there is a passage having some blank spaces with four words or groups of words given. Select whichever word or group of words you consider the most appropriate for the blank space and indicate your response on the Answer Sheet accordingly.
Question:
should regard the victory of his side as assured and highly _______By
unpleasant
unlikely.
desirable.
malignant.
CLOZE COMPOSITION
Directions: In this section, there is a passage having some blank spaces with four words or groups of words given. Select whichever word or group of words you consider the most appropriate for the blank space and indicate your response on the Answer Sheet accordingly.
Question:
concentrating attention upon the supposed advantages of the victory of our own side, we _______more or less blind to the evils inseparable from war and more or less blind to the evils inseparable from war and
becoming
become
had become
have been becoming
CLOZE COMPOSITION
Directions: In this section, there is a passage having some blank spaces with four words or groups of words given. Select whichever word or group of words you consider the most appropriate for the blank space and indicate your response on the Answer Sheet accordingly.
Question:
equally certain whichever side may ultimately prove ________Yet so long
successful.
thriving.
victorious.
failing.
CLOZE COMPOSITION
Directions: In this section, there is a passage having some blank spaces with four words or groups of words given. Select whichever word or group of words you consider the most appropriate for the blank space and indicate your response on the Answer Sheet accordingly.
Question:
these are not fully realized, it is impossible _______ justly
to judge
to be judged
to judging
having judged
CLOZE COMPOSITION
Directions: In this section, there is a passage having some blank spaces with four words or groups of words given. Select whichever word or group of words you consider the most appropriate for the blank space and indicate your response on the Answer Sheet accordingly.
Question:
________a war is or is not likely to be beneficial to the human race. Although the theme is trite, it is necessary therefore briefly to remind ourselves what the evils of war really are.
whether
therefore
however
since
PREPOSITIONS AND DETERMINERS
Directions : Each of the following sentences in this section has a blank space with four options. Select whichever preposition or determiner you consider the most appropriate for the blank space and indicate your response on the Answer Sheet accordingly.
Question:
Steve has gone away. He will be away ______ Monday.
on
by
until
from
PREPOSITIONS AND DETERMINERS
Directions : Each of the following sentences in this section has a blank space with four options. Select whichever preposition or determiner you consider the most appropriate for the blank space and indicate your response on the Answer Sheet accordingly.
Question:
I'll see you ______ Friday morning.
in
on
along
at
PREPOSITIONS AND DETERMINERS
Directions : Each of the following sentences in this section has a blank space with four options. Select whichever preposition or determiner you consider the most appropriate for the blank space and indicate your response on the Answer Sheet accordingly.
Question:
Write your name_____ the top of the page.
at
in
by
with
PREPOSITIONS AND DETERMINERS
Directions : Each of the following sentences in this section has a blank space with four options. Select whichever preposition or determiner you consider the most appropriate for the blank space and indicate your response on the Answer Sheet accordingly.
Question:
Sohan is studying______the university.
in
at
on
from
PREPOSITIONS AND DETERMINERS
Directions : Each of the following sentences in this section has a blank space with four options. Select whichever preposition or determiner you consider the most appropriate for the blank space and indicate your response on the Answer Sheet accordingly.
Question:
He is indebted _____ his friend.
from
with
by
to
PREPOSITIONS AND DETERMINERS
Directions : Each of the following sentences in this section has a blank space with four options. Select whichever preposition or determiner you consider the most appropriate for the blank space and indicate your response on the Answer Sheet accordingly.
Question:
Can I be held responsible______ my spouse's debts?
for
to
by
with
PREPOSITIONS AND DETERMINERS
Directions : Each of the following sentences in this section has a blank space with four options. Select whichever preposition or determiner you consider the most appropriate for the blank space and indicate your response on the Answer Sheet accordingly.
Question:
It was fun to hang out ____the pier.
down
with
in
beneath
PREPOSITIONS AND DETERMINERS
Directions : Each of the following sentences in this section has a blank space with four options. Select whichever preposition or determiner you consider the most appropriate for the blank space and indicate your response on the Answer Sheet accordingly.
Question:
Can you pass ____sugar, please?
a
an
the
No article
PREPOSITIONS AND DETERMINERS
Directions : Each of the following sentences in this section has a blank space with four options. Select whichever preposition or determiner you consider the most appropriate for the blank space and indicate your response on the Answer Sheet accordingly.
Question:
Our train leaves from ________ platform number 5.
a
an
the
No article
PREPOSITIONS AND DETERMINERS
Directions : Each of the following sentences in this section has a blank space with four options. Select whichever preposition or determiner you consider the most appropriate for the blank space and indicate your response on the Answer Sheet accordingly.
Question:
_______children learn very quickly.
Some
A
Any
Much
COMPLETION OF SENTENCE
Directions : Each of the following items features one part of a sentence followed by four alternatives. Complete the sentence by choosing the correct alternative.
Question:
They were informed that the inaugural version of the scheme
had three parts.
was three parts.
have three parts.
had has three parts.
COMPLETION OF SENTENCE
Directions : Each of the following items features one part of a sentence followed by four alternatives. Complete the sentence by choosing the correct alternative.
Question:
What would you do
if you would won a lot of money?
if you have won a lot of money?
if you will win a lot of moneys?
if you won a lot of money?
COMPLETION OF SENTENCE
Directions : Each of the following items features one part of a sentence followed by four alternatives. Complete the sentence by choosing the correct alternative.
Question:
If it stopped raining
we had gone out
we could go out.
we should go out.
we ought to go out
COMPLETION OF SENTENCE
Directions : Each of the following items features one part of a sentence followed by four alternatives. Complete the sentence by choosing the correct alternative.
Question:
Let me know
if you have any further news.
if you had any further news.
if you has any further news.
if you had have any further news
COMPLETION OF SENTENCE
Directions : Each of the following items features one part of a sentence followed by four alternatives. Complete the sentence by choosing the correct alternative.
Question:
We stayed
at the cheap hotel in the town.
at the cheaper hotel in the town.
at the cheapest hotel in the town.
at a cheapest hotel in the town.
COMPLETION OF SENTENCE
Directions : Each of the following items features one part of a sentence followed by four alternatives. Complete the sentence by choosing the correct alternative.
Question:
lia got married
as she was 22.
when she was 22.
because she was 22.
since she was 22.
COMPLETION OF SENTENCE
Directions : Each of the following items features one part of a sentence followed by four alternatives. Complete the sentence by choosing the correct alternative.
Question:
What time
does this train get at London?
does this train get in London?
does this train get into London?
does this train get to London?
COMPLETION OF SENTENCE
Directions : Each of the following items features one part of a sentence followed by four alternatives. Complete the sentence by choosing the correct alternative.
Question:
I am trying to
shut down on coffee.
cut down on coffee .
break down on coffee .
turn down on coffee .
COMPLETION OF SENTENCE
Directions : Each of the following items features one part of a sentence followed by four alternatives. Complete the sentence by choosing the correct alternative.
Question:
How are you
getting on in your new job?
getting of in your new job?
getting along your new job?
getting off in your new job?
COMPLETION OF SENTENCE
Directions : Each of the following items features one part of a sentence followed by four alternatives. Complete the sentence by choosing the correct alternative.
Question:
Many accidents
cause careless driving.
have caused careless driving.
are caused by careless driving.
will cause careless driving
COMPREHENSION
Directions : In this section, you have two short passages. After each passage, you will find some items based on the passage. First, read a passage and answer the items based on it. You are required to select your answers based on the contents of the passage and the opinion of the author only.
And this brings me to the point at which I asked, "What do we do with all the time which the machines have saved for us, and the new energy they have given us?" On the whole, it must be admitted, we do very little. For the most part, we use our time and energy to make more and better machines which will give us still more time and still more energy, and what are we to do with them? The answer, I think, is that we should try to become more civilized. For the machines themselves, and the power which the machines have given us, are not civilization but aids to civilization. But you will remember that we agreed at the beginning that being civilized meant making and linking beautiful things, thinking freely and living rightly and maintaining justice equally among people. A person has a better chance today to do these things than he/she ever had before; he/she has more time, more energy, less to fear and less to fight against. If he/she will give his/her time and energy which his/her machines have won for him/her to make more beautiful things, to find out more and more about the universe, to remove the cause of quarrels between nations, to discover how to prevent poverty, then I think our civilization would undoubtedly be the greater as it would be more lasting than it has ever been.
Question:
The general tone of the passage is
critical
descriptive
demonstrative
informational
COMPREHENSION
Directions : In this section, you have two short passages. After each passage, you will find some items based on the passage. First, read a passage and answer the items based on it. You are required to select your answers based on the contents of the passage and the opinion of the author only.
And this brings me to the point at which I asked, "What do we do with all the time which the machines have saved for us, and the new energy they have given us?" On the whole, it must be admitted, we do very little. For the most part, we use our time and energy to make more and better machines which will give us still more time and still more energy, and what are we to do with them? The answer, I think, is that we should try to become more civilized. For the machines themselves, and the power which the machines have given us, are not civilization but aids to civilization. But you will remember that we agreed at the beginning that being civilized meant making and linking beautiful things, thinking freely and living rightly and maintaining justice equally among people. A person has a better chance today to do these things than he/she ever had before; he/she has more time, more energy, less to fear and less to fight against. If he/she will give his/her time and energy which his/her machines have won for him/her to make more beautiful things, to find out more and more about the universe, to remove the cause of quarrels between nations, to discover how to prevent poverty, then I think our civilization would undoubtedly be the greater as it would be more lasting than it has ever been.
Question:
The use of machines has failed to bring us
spiritual freedom
more leisure and more energy
slavery and destruction
culture and civilization
COMPREHENSION
Directions : In this section, you have two short passages. After each passage, you will find some items based on the passage. First, read a passage and answer the items based on it. You are required to select your answers based on the contents of the passage and the opinion of the author only.
And this brings me to the point at which I asked, "What do we do with all the time which the machines have saved for us, and the new energy they have given us?" On the whole, it must be admitted, we do very little. For the most part, we use our time and energy to make more and better machines which will give us still more time and still more energy, and what are we to do with them? The answer, I think, is that we should try to become more civilized. For the machines themselves, and the power which the machines have given us, are not civilization but aids to civilization. But you will remember that we agreed at the beginning that being civilized meant making and linking beautiful things, thinking freely and living rightly and maintaining justice equally among people. A person has a better chance today to do these things than he/she ever had before; he/she has more time, more energy, less to fear and less to fight against. If he/she will give his/her time and energy which his/her machines have won for him/her to make more beautiful things, to find out more and more about the universe, to remove the cause of quarrels between nations, to discover how to prevent poverty, then I think our civilization would undoubtedly be the greater as it would be more lasting than it has ever been.
Question:
According to the passage, our civilization would be made greater
if man devotes his time to make more beautiful things
if man looks after and waits upon machines
if machines are made man's servants
if man discovers how to prevent poverty
COMPREHENSION
Directions : In this section, you have two short passages. After each passage, you will find some items based on the passage. First, read a passage and answer the items based on it. You are required to select your answers based on the contents of the passage and the opinion of the author only.
And this brings me to the point at which I asked, "What do we do with all the time which the machines have saved for us, and the new energy they have given us?" On the whole, it must be admitted, we do very little. For the most part, we use our time and energy to make more and better machines which will give us still more time and still more energy, and what are we to do with them? The answer, I think, is that we should try to become more civilized. For the machines themselves, and the power which the machines have given us, are not civilization but aids to civilization. But you will remember that we agreed at the beginning that being civilized meant making and linking beautiful things, thinking freely and living rightly and maintaining justice equally among people. A person has a better chance today to do these things than he/she ever had before; he/she has more time, more energy, less to fear and less to fight against. If he/she will give his/her time and energy which his/her machines have won for him/her to make more beautiful things, to find out more and more about the universe, to remove the cause of quarrels between nations, to discover how to prevent poverty, then I think our civilization would undoubtedly be the greater as it would be more lasting than it has ever been.
Question:
According to the passage, which one of the following descriptions about machines is true?
They already rule us like we rule animals.
They wait upon us attentively.
They are inexorable masters.
They have made man more civilized.
COMPREHENSION
Directions : In this section, you have two short passages. After each passage, you will find some items based on the passage. First, read a passage and answer the items based on it. You are required to select your answers based on the contents of the passage and the opinion of the author only.
And this brings me to the point at which I asked, "What do we do with all the time which the machines have saved for us, and the new energy they have given us?" On the whole, it must be admitted, we do very little. For the most part, we use our time and energy to make more and better machines which will give us still more time and still more energy, and what are we to do with them? The answer, I think, is that we should try to become more civilized. For the machines themselves, and the power which the machines have given us, are not civilization but aids to civilization. But you will remember that we agreed at the beginning that being civilized meant making and linking beautiful things, thinking freely and living rightly and maintaining justice equally among people. A person has a better chance today to do these things than he/she ever had before; he/she has more time, more energy, less to fear and less to fight against. If he/she will give his/her time and energy which his/her machines have won for him/her to make more beautiful things, to find out more and more about the universe, to remove the cause of quarrels between nations, to discover how to prevent poverty, then I think our civilization would undoubtedly be the greater as it would be more lasting than it has ever been.
Question:
According to the passage, how do we use the powers bestowed upon us by science?
Judiciously
Temperamentally
Divinely
Irrationally
Passage-II
Plastic is an essential commodity with multiple uses based on its key qualities of malleability, flexibility, and durability. Plastics are omnipresent in agriculture, fisheries, renewable energy, transport, technology, retail, textiles, personal care products, and all the other sectors and industries that directly or indirectly affect our daily life. Plastic has indeed made our lives more convenient, but it has come at a higher price than we imagined. The plastic pollution overflowing our landfills, clogging waterways, and infiltrating the ocean is primarily made of discarded items and packaging. Plastic lasts for hundreds of years, slowly disintegrating into smaller and smaller pieces, but never fully degrading. Indeed, one of the key perks of plastic is its longevity. And yet, the plastic packaging of nearly every product we purchase and many plastic products themselves are intended to be discarded after a single use. Throwaway plastic is an oxymoron, but it has become our sad, increasingly dangerous reality.
Plastic pollution should make everyone angry. This is a crisis we can see with the naked eye, day in and day out. Plastic has been found on even the most remote, uninhabited islands, and in the deepest parts of the ocean. Because we can see it, we are more keenly aware of it, unlike some other forms of pollution. In 2019, the World Health Organization (WHO) called for further studies on the impacts of microplastics on human health. An initial study, hampered by a lack of adequate data, concluded microplastics pose no danger at current levels (WHO, 2019). Although the WHO report was inconclusive about the effects of plastic on human health, other studies have linked the chemicals in plastic to negative health outcomes including endocrine disruption (Dabre 2020). Plastic particles have been detected in drinking water and in the food we eat, with a 2019 study commissioned by WWF estimating humans consume about five grams (or one credit card in weight) of plastic every week.
We have seen the devastating effects plastic has on marine life. For instance, unable to process ingested plastic waste pieces, seabirds and other sea creatures starve to death. We have seen sea turtles and other animals tangled in fishing nets or trapped in plastic pack rings. Plastic pollution also wreaks havoc on land, clogging drains and preventing rainwater from soaking into the soil, which leads to flooding. Terrestrial creatures also suffer the effects of plastic waste, with some getting trapped in discarded plastic bags and suffocating to death.
Question:
Plastic has distressing effects on
only humans
only marine life
both humans and marine life
None of the above
Passage-II
Plastic is an essential commodity with multiple uses based on its key qualities of malleability, flexibility, and durability. Plastics are omnipresent in agriculture, fisheries, renewable energy, transport, technology, retail, textiles, personal care products, and all the other sectors and industries that directly or indirectly affect our daily life. Plastic has indeed made our lives more convenient, but it has come at a higher price than we imagined. The plastic pollution overflowing our landfills, clogging waterways, and infiltrating the ocean is primarily made of discarded items and packaging. Plastic lasts for hundreds of years, slowly disintegrating into smaller and smaller pieces, but never fully degrading. Indeed, one of the key perks of plastic is its longevity. And yet, the plastic packaging of nearly every product we purchase and many plastic products themselves are intended to be discarded after a single use. Throwaway plastic is an oxymoron, but it has become our sad, increasingly dangerous reality.
Plastic pollution should make everyone angry. This is a crisis we can see with the naked eye, day in and day out. Plastic has been found on even the most remote, uninhabited islands, and in the deepest parts of the ocean. Because we can see it, we are more keenly aware of it, unlike some other forms of pollution. In 2019, the World Health Organization (WHO) called for further studies on the impacts of microplastics on human health. An initial study, hampered by a lack of adequate data, concluded microplastics pose no danger at current levels (WHO, 2019). Although the WHO report was inconclusive about the effects of plastic on human health, other studies have linked the chemicals in plastic to negative health outcomes including endocrine disruption (Dabre 2020). Plastic particles have been detected in drinking water and in the food we eat, with a 2019 study commissioned by WWF estimating humans consume about five grams (or one credit card in weight) of plastic every week.
We have seen the devastating effects plastic has on marine life. For instance, unable to process ingested plastic waste pieces, seabirds and other sea creatures starve to death. We have seen sea turtles and other animals tangled in fishing nets or trapped in plastic pack rings. Plastic pollution also wreaks havoc on land, clogging drains and preventing rainwater from soaking into the soil, which leads to flooding. Terrestrial creatures also suffer the effects of plastic waste, with some getting trapped in discarded plastic bags and suffocating to death.
Question:
Plastic and plastic particles can be found
in the oceanic depths
on mountain tops
in metals and minerals
All of the above
Passage-II
Plastic is an essential commodity with multiple uses based on its key qualities of malleability, flexibility, and durability. Plastics are omnipresent in agriculture, fisheries, renewable energy, transport, technology, retail, textiles, personal care products, and all the other sectors and industries that directly or indirectly affect our daily life. Plastic has indeed made our lives more convenient, but it has come at a higher price than we imagined. The plastic pollution overflowing our landfills, clogging waterways, and infiltrating the ocean is primarily made of discarded items and packaging. Plastic lasts for hundreds of years, slowly disintegrating into smaller and smaller pieces, but never fully degrading. Indeed, one of the key perks of plastic is its longevity. And yet, the plastic packaging of nearly every product we purchase and many plastic products themselves are intended to be discarded after a single use. Throwaway plastic is an oxymoron, but it has become our sad, increasingly dangerous reality.
Plastic pollution should make everyone angry. This is a crisis we can see with the naked eye, day in and day out. Plastic has been found on even the most remote, uninhabited islands, and in the deepest parts of the ocean. Because we can see it, we are more keenly aware of it, unlike some other forms of pollution. In 2019, the World Health Organization (WHO) called for further studies on the impacts of microplastics on human health. An initial study, hampered by a lack of adequate data, concluded microplastics pose no danger at current levels (WHO, 2019). Although the WHO report was inconclusive about the effects of plastic on human health, other studies have linked the chemicals in plastic to negative health outcomes including endocrine disruption (Dabre 2020). Plastic particles have been detected in drinking water and in the food we eat, with a 2019 study commissioned by WWF estimating humans consume about five grams (or one credit card in weight) of plastic every week.
We have seen the devastating effects plastic has on marine life. For instance, unable to process ingested plastic waste pieces, seabirds and other sea creatures starve to death. We have seen sea turtles and other animals tangled in fishing nets or trapped in plastic pack rings. Plastic pollution also wreaks havoc on land, clogging drains and preventing rainwater from soaking into the soil, which leads to flooding. Terrestrial creatures also suffer the effects of plastic waste, with some getting trapped in discarded plastic bags and suffocating to death.
Question:
Plastic pollution appears to be
an epidemic
a pandemic
a small menace
a temporal health issue
Passage-II
Plastic is an essential commodity with multiple uses based on its key qualities of malleability, flexibility, and durability. Plastics are omnipresent in agriculture, fisheries, renewable energy, transport, technology, retail, textiles, personal care products, and all the other sectors and industries that directly or indirectly affect our daily life. Plastic has indeed made our lives more convenient, but it has come at a higher price than we imagined. The plastic pollution overflowing our landfills, clogging waterways, and infiltrating the ocean is primarily made of discarded items and packaging. Plastic lasts for hundreds of years, slowly disintegrating into smaller and smaller pieces, but never fully degrading. Indeed, one of the key perks of plastic is its longevity. And yet, the plastic packaging of nearly every product we purchase and many plastic products themselves are intended to be discarded after a single use. Throwaway plastic is an oxymoron, but it has become our sad, increasingly dangerous reality.
Plastic pollution should make everyone angry. This is a crisis we can see with the naked eye, day in and day out. Plastic has been found on even the most remote, uninhabited islands, and in the deepest parts of the ocean. Because we can see it, we are more keenly aware of it, unlike some other forms of pollution. In 2019, the World Health Organization (WHO) called for further studies on the impacts of microplastics on human health. An initial study, hampered by a lack of adequate data, concluded microplastics pose no danger at current levels (WHO, 2019). Although the WHO report was inconclusive about the effects of plastic on human health, other studies have linked the chemicals in plastic to negative health outcomes including endocrine disruption (Dabre 2020). Plastic particles have been detected in drinking water and in the food we eat, with a 2019 study commissioned by WWF estimating humans consume about five grams (or one credit card in weight) of plastic every week.
We have seen the devastating effects plastic has on marine life. For instance, unable to process ingested plastic waste pieces, seabirds and other sea creatures starve to death. We have seen sea turtles and other animals tangled in fishing nets or trapped in plastic pack rings. Plastic pollution also wreaks havoc on land, clogging drains and preventing rainwater from soaking into the soil, which leads to flooding. Terrestrial creatures also suffer the effects of plastic waste, with some getting trapped in discarded plastic bags and suffocating to death.
Question:
Plastic is considered an essential commodity because
it has made our lives easier
it causes health hazard
it clogs natural ecosystem
it has multiple uses in our everyday lives
Passage-II
Plastic is an essential commodity with multiple uses based on its key qualities of malleability, flexibility, and durability. Plastics are omnipresent in agriculture, fisheries, renewable energy, transport, technology, retail, textiles, personal care products, and all the other sectors and industries that directly or indirectly affect our daily life. Plastic has indeed made our lives more convenient, but it has come at a higher price than we imagined. The plastic pollution overflowing our landfills, clogging waterways, and infiltrating the ocean is primarily made of discarded items and packaging. Plastic lasts for hundreds of years, slowly disintegrating into smaller and smaller pieces, but never fully degrading. Indeed, one of the key perks of plastic is its longevity. And yet, the plastic packaging of nearly every product we purchase and many plastic products themselves are intended to be discarded after a single use. Throwaway plastic is an oxymoron, but it has become our sad, increasingly dangerous reality.
Plastic pollution should make everyone angry. This is a crisis we can see with the naked eye, day in and day out. Plastic has been found on even the most remote, uninhabited islands, and in the deepest parts of the ocean. Because we can see it, we are more keenly aware of it, unlike some other forms of pollution. In 2019, the World Health Organization (WHO) called for further studies on the impacts of microplastics on human health. An initial study, hampered by a lack of adequate data, concluded microplastics pose no danger at current levels (WHO, 2019). Although the WHO report was inconclusive about the effects of plastic on human health, other studies have linked the chemicals in plastic to negative health outcomes including endocrine disruption (Dabre 2020). Plastic particles have been detected in drinking water and in the food we eat, with a 2019 study commissioned by WWF estimating humans consume about five grams (or one credit card in weight) of plastic every week.
We have seen the devastating effects plastic has on marine life. For instance, unable to process ingested plastic waste pieces, seabirds and other sea creatures starve to death. We have seen sea turtles and other animals tangled in fishing nets or trapped in plastic pack rings. Plastic pollution also wreaks havoc on land, clogging drains and preventing rainwater from soaking into the soil, which leads to flooding. Terrestrial creatures also suffer the effects of plastic waste, with some getting trapped in discarded plastic bags and suffocating to death.
Question:
The word 'clogging' in the passage means
obstruction
flow
opening
clearing