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Consider the following statements

While diluting concentrated nitric acid solution

1. the concentration of [l-13 0+ ] ions/ volume increases

2. water must be added slowly to concentrated acid

3. acid must be added slowly to water

Which of the •s ta te m en ts given above is/ are correct?

This questions was previously asked in

2023 CDS -1 GK

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1, 2 and 3

1 and 2 only

3 only

2 and 3 only

Explanation:

- Statement 1: The concentration of H3O? ions per volume does not increase when diluting an acid. Instead, it decreases as the acid becomes less concentrated.

- Statement 2: Water should not be added to concentrated acid. Doing so can cause a violent reaction as the exothermic reaction generates heat, potentially causing splattering.

- Statement 3: Acid must be added slowly to water. This method allows for controlled mixing and dissipates the heat generated, preventing accidents.

- Option 1: Incorrect. Statement 1 is incorrect.

- Option 2: Incorrect. Statement 1 is incorrect.

- Option 3: Incorrect. Only the third statement is correct.

Correct Answer: Option 4: 2 and 3 only