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Indian Economy - Understanding the basics of Indian economic system

With reference to the current trends in the cultivation of sugarcane in India, consider the following statements:

A substantial saving in seed material is when ‘bud chip settlings’ are raised in a nursery and transplanted in the main field.
When direct planting of setts is done, the germination percentage is better with single-budded setts as compared to setts with many buds.
If bad weather conditions prevail when setts are directly planted, single-budded setts have better survival as compared to large setts.
Sugarcane can be cultivated using settlings prepared from tissue culture.

Which of the statements given above is/are correct?

This questions was previously asked in

UPSC CSP Previous Year Paper (2020)

1 and 2 only

3 only

1 and 4

2, 3 and 4 only

Statement 1 is correct : In this technique, single bud nursery is raised and settlings transplanted in the field with wider spacing to facilitate the availability of abundant solar radiation. Bud chip settlings’ achieves several advantages such as saving seed quantity, labor power .
Statement 2 is incorrect: The settlings are raised in the nursey and are ready for transplanting by 30-35 days. After 30-35 days old settlings are transplanted in the main field using the sugarcane settling transplanter. This method is highly economical and sowing of seed material. The buds should be healthy.
Statement 3 is incorrect: Large setts have better survival under bad weather but single budded setts also gives 70% germination if protected with chemical treatment.
Statement 4 is correct : Planting material for vegetative propagation such as whole cane, setts having of single bud to six buds, settling prepared from tissue culture or single buds in nursery are being used. Tissue culture is an exciting new way to rapidly produce and supply disease-free seed cane of existing commercial varieties. Uses meristem to clone the mother plant. Preserves genetic identity. Cane and sugar yield of tissue culture plants similar to conventionally propagated plants.

Hence option 3rd is correct.