Nepali

Syllabus

Paper-I

(Answers must be written in Nepali.)

Section-A

• History of the origin and development of Nepali as one of the new Indo-Aryan Languages
• Fundamentals of Nepali Grammar and phonology:

(i) Nominal forms and categories :-

Gender, Number, Case, Adjectives, Pronouns, Avyayas

(ii) Verbal forms and categories-

Tense, Aspects, Voice, Roots and Fixes

(iii) Nepali Swara and Vyanjana;

• Major Dialects of Nepali
• Standardisation and Modernisation of Nepali with special reference to language movements (viz. Halanta Bahiskar, Jharrovad etc.)
• Teaching of Nepali language in India-Its history and development with special reference to its socio-cultural aspects.

Section-B

• History of Nepali literature with special reference to its development in India.
• Fundamental concepts and theories of literature :

Kavya/Sahitya, Kavya Prayojan, Literary genres, Shabda Shakti, Rasa, Alankara, Tragedy, Comedy, Aesthetics, Stylistics.

• Major literary trends and movements-

Swachchhandatavad, Yatharthavad, Astitwavad, Ayamik Movement, Contemporary Nepali writings, Postmodernism.

• Nepali folklores (the following folk-form only)- Sawai, Jhyaurey, Selo, Sangini, Lahari.

Paper-II

(Answers must be written in Nepali.)

This paper will require first hand reading of the texts prescribed below and questions will be designed to test the candidate's critical acumen.

Section-A

• Santa Jnandil Das-Udaya Lahari
• Lekhnath Poudyal-Tarun Tapasi (Vishrams III, V, VI, XII, XV, XVIII only)
• Agam Singh Giri-Jaleko Pratibimba : Royeko Pratidhwani (The following poems only-rasawako Chichy-ahat-sanga Byunjheko Ek Raat, Chhorolai, Jaleko Pratibimba : Royeko Prati-dhwani, Hamro Akashmani Pani Hunchha Ujyalo, Tihar).
• Haribhakta Katuwal-Yo Zindagi Khai Ke Zindagi : (The following poems only - Jeevan : Ek Dristi, Yo Zindagi Khai Ke Zindagi, Akashka tara Ke Tara, Hamilai Nirdho Nasamjha, Khai Many-ata Yahan Atmahutiko Balidan Ko).
• Balkrishna Sama-Prahlad
• Manbahadur Mukhia-Andhyaroma Banchneharu (The following One-Act plays only-'Andhyaroma Banchneharu', 'Suskera').

• Section-B

• Indra Sundas-Sahara
• Lilbahadur Chhetri-Brahmaputrako Chheuchhau
• Rupnarayan Sinha-Katha Navaratna (The following stories only-Biteka Kura, Jimmewari Kasko, Dhanamatiko Cinema-Swapna, Vidhwasta Jeevan).
• Indrabahadur Rai-Vipana Katipaya (The following stories only-Raatbhari Huri Chalyo, Jayamaya Aphumatra Lekha-pani Aipugi, Bhagi, Ghosh Babu, Chhutyaiyo).
• Sanu Lama-Katha Sampad (The following stories only-Swasni Manchhey, Khani Tarma Ekdin, Phurbale Gaun Chhadyo, Asinapo Manchhey).
• Laxmi Prasad Devkota-Laxmi Nibandha Sangraha (The following essays only-Sri Ganeshaya Namah, Nepali Sahityako Itihasma Sarvashrestha Purus, Kalpana, Kala Ra Jeevan, Gadha Buddhiman Ki Guru?)
• Ramkrishna Sharma-Das Gorkha (The following essays only-Kavi, Samaj Ra Sahitya, Sahityama Sapekshata, Sahityik Ruchiko Praudhata, Nepali Sahityako Pragati).