Civil Services Preliminary Examination syllabus for Polity

• Indian polity and governance- Constitution
• political system
• Panchayati Raj Public Policy, Rights Issues etc. The syllabus for preliminary examination is epigrammatic.

 

Civil Services Mains Examination syllabus for Polity

Indian Constitution: Historical underpinnings, evolution, features, amendments, significant provisions and basic structure.

Functions and responsibilities of the Union and the States: Issues and challenges pertaining to the federal structure, devolution of powers and finances up to local levels and challenges therein.

Separation of powers between various organs dispute redressal mechanisms and institutions. Comparison of the Indian constitutional scheme with that of other countries.

Parliament and State Legislatures: Its structure, functioning, conduct of business, powers & privileges and issues arising out of these. Structure, organization and functioning of the Executive and the Judiciary Ministries and Departments of the Government; pressure groups and formal/informal associations and their role in the Polity.

Salient features of the Representation of People's Act.

Appointment to various Constitutional posts, powers, functions and responsibilities of various Constitutional Bodies. Statutory, regulatory and various quasi-judicial bodies. Government policies and interventions for development in various sectors and issues arising out of their design and implementation. Development processes and the development industry the role of NGOs, SHGs, various groups and associations, donors, charities, institutional and other stakeholders.

 

Areas of Focus in Polity:

 

Preamble

• Features of preamble
• 42nd Amendment
• Swaran Singh committee

Schedules

• Basic idea about 12 schedules

Constitution of India

• Basic idea about All articles
• Historical Background
• Drafting committee and making of the Constitution
• Influence of other constitutions
• Its salient features
• Union and its Territory
  • Basic idea about Article 1-4
  • State reorganization and different Commissions
  • Federal nature
  • Recent issues

• Citizenship
  • Basic idea about Article 5-11
  • PIO, NRI, OCI and Pravasi Bharathiya Divas
  • Privileges available for Indian citizens and foreigners
  • Citizenship Amendment Act 2016
  • New policies, schemes and recent changes in voting.

• Fundamental Rights (FR)
  • Basic idea about Article 12-35
  • A thorough understanding about Articles 14- 30 and Art. 32
  • Rights and privileges available to citizens of India only and both to citizens and foreigners
  • 44^th amendment act
  • Different types of Writs
  • Enforcement and Exceptional cases with regard to FR’s
  • RTE and recent issues related to FR

• Fundamental Duties(FD)
  • Article 51A
  • Difference between FR and FD
  • Significance and Criticism
  • Enforcement of FD’s
  • Recent issues about FD

• Directive Principles of State Policy (DPSP)
  • Basic idea about Article and Article 36-51 and Article 368
  • Sources and key features of DPSP
  • Classification of DPSP
  • Comparison/ conflicts between Fundamental Rights and Directive Principles
  • Keshavananda Bharathi, Minerva Mills, Golaknath Case, Maneka Gandhi case.
  • Important Amendments- 42nd Amendment, 44th Amendment, and 97th amendment

• Union 
  • Basic idea about Article 52-73
  • Qualification and Election
  • Function and Powers- (Executive, Legislative, Financial, Judicial, Diplomatic, Military and Emergency Powers)
  • Resignation and impeachment
  • Role and responsibilities and relationship with Prime minister, Council of Minister, Cabinet ministers.
  • Prime minister and council of minister- Basic idea about Article 74-75
  • Powers and Functions
  • Council of ministers
  • Resignation and Removal
  • Attorney general

• Parliament
  • Basic idea about Article related
  • Role and functions of the Parliament
  • Sessions, Motions, Parliamentary procedure – Summoning, Prorogation, Joint sitting
  • Parliamentary proceedings like Question Hour, Zero Hour, and Adjournment Motion etc.
  • Lok Sabha and Rajya Sabha,
  • Special powers of Rajya Sabha
  • Anti defection law and 10^th schedule
  • Parliamentary Privileges
  • Bill and law making procedure
  • Budget, funds and its summary
  • Parliamentary Committees

• Judiciary
  • Basic idea about Article related to the judiciary.
  • Powers of Supreme court and high court
  • Qualification and appointment
  • Removal procedure
  • Recent controversy, verdicts, and constitutional provisions.

• State Government- State Executive
  • Governor- appointment, removal and special powers.
  • Executive, Legislative, Financial, Judicial powers and discretionary of governor
  • 7^th constitutional amendment
  • Chief minister and council of ministers
  • Power of chief minister

• State Legislature
  • State legislature compared to the Parliament with regard to composition, powers, and functions.
  • Bicameral legislatures
  • Creation and abolition of the Legislative councils

• Administration of Union Territories (UT)
  • Special provision for Delhi
  • Administration and jurisdiction in UT’s

• Administration of Special Areas
  • Basic idea about 5^thSchedule 6th Schedule
  • Recent issues related to Administration of Special Areas
  • Special provision for Jammu and Kashmir-Article 370
  • Difference between constitutional provisions related to Jammu and Kashmir

• Emergency Provisions
  • National emergency- Article 352
  • President’s rule or State emergency- Article 356
  • Financial emergency- Article 360
  • 44^th amendment act
  • Effects and implications of emergency
  • Role of President in emergency time
  • The State of FR, Lok sabha, and Rajya sabha
  • Revoking emergency

• State- centre and interstate relations
  • Basic idea about Articles 262 and 263
  • Composition and functions of Interstate council and Zonal council
  • Inter-State trade and Commerce
  • Recent disputes between states, controversies etc
  • New policies or schemes which impact interstate relations

• Panchayati raj and municipalities
  • Elections, auditing, powers and authority of panchayats
  • 3 tier structure
  • 73rd Amendment Act and 74th Amendment Act
  • Relation with FR and DPSP
  • Schemes introduced
  • Metropolitan planning committee and urban development
  • Reservation

• Constitution Bodies
  • Election Commission
  • UPSC
  • SPSC
  • JPSC
  • Finance Commission
  • National Commission for SCs and ST’s,
  • Composition, Powers and functions, Removal of the Constitutional bodies

• Non-Constitutional Bodies
  • Basic idea about Composition, Functions, Working of the Non-Constitutional bodies such as National Human Rights Commission, Central Information Commission, Central Vigilance Commission, Central Bureau of Investigation, State Human Rights Commission, State Information Commission etc

• Tribunals
  • Basic idea about Article 323A and tribunals under Article 323B
  • Recent controversial issues related to tribunals
  • Different tribunals and importance

• Special Provisions for SC’s, ST’s, Backward Classes, Minorities and Anglo-Indians
  • Privileges and right issued to SC’s, ST’s, Backward Classes, Minorities and Anglo-Indians
  • Issues related to vulnerable sections like women, child, SC’s, ST’s, Backward Classes, Minorities and Anglo-Indians

• Current affairs
  • Recent issues related to above-mentioned categories
  • Important schemes, programs, missions, laws, and policies launched by the government.
  • Recent Government Bills and Governance- actions

 

 

How to Study Polity for UPSC?

The Constitution is the bible of civil service aspirant. To make polity easy follow the key mantras.

• Read the articles thoroughly. This will help you to build a basic understanding of each Article.
• Repeated reading is necessary for this process. The more times you read the more you would remember.
• Prepare a short note with highlighted keywords and relate them to a current issue in a pragmatic way.
• The aim should be abstracting the relevant information according to UPSC syllabus the essence, not to mastery over a topic.
• Refer the UPSC previous year papers and start solving question papers.

 

 

Basic reading (best book for governance for UPSC)

• NCERT Class XI – Political Science: Indian Constitution at Work (New)
• NCERT Class XII – Political Science I: Contemporary World Politics(New)
• NCERT Class XII – Political Science II: Politics in India since Independence(New)

Detailed references

• Indian Polity for Civil Services Examinations – M. Laxmikanth
• Objective Indian Polity: General Studies – Paper I by M. Laxmikanth
• Constitution of India (hard copy / soft copy)

Other sources:

• Newspaper- The Hindu, Indian Express
• http://pib.nic.in/
• http://prsindia.com/
• Yojana and Kurukshetra Magazines,
• ‘India Yearbook’ published by the Publication Division
• Ministry of Information and Broadcasting

 

Click Here For Complete Study Material Of Polity For IAS Exam