Explanation:

- Max Weber, a German sociologist, examined the characteristics of organizations in industrial societies.

- Option 1: Religious

- Religion plays a significant historical role, but Weber did not consider it the dominant institution in industrial society.

- Option 2: Political

- Political organizations hold power, but Weber focused on a different structure as dominant.

- Option 3: Bureaucratic

- Bureaucracies are characterized by structured hierarchies and rule-based management.

- Weber viewed bureaucratic organizations as the most efficient and rational form for managing large-scale operations in industrialized societies.

- Option 4: Kinship

- Kinship structures are important in pre-industrial societies, not considered dominant in industrial societies by Weber.