Explanation:

- Option 1: Hitchcock

- Noted anthropologist, but not known for a comparative study of Rampur and Tepoztlan.

- Known for ethnographic studies, but not this particular one.

- Option 2: I.P. Desai

- A sociologist with focus on Indian society.

- Did not conduct the comparative study mentioned.

- Option 3: K. Ishwaran

- Known for studies in rural sociology and cultural anthropology.

- Did not conduct the Rampur and Tepoztlan study.

- Option 4: Oscar Lewis

- A well-known anthropologist and author.

- Conducted a comparative study of the villages Rampur in India and Tepoztlan in Mexico.

- Famous for his work on the "culture of poverty."