Explanation:

- Option 1: Karl Marx

- Focused on macro-sociology, analyzing class struggles and societal conflicts.

- His theories are foundational in sociology but at a broader, structural level.

- Option 2: Durkheim

- Known for his work in macro-sociology.

- Concentrated on social facts, institutions, and collective consciousness.

- Option 3: Weber

- Emphasized verstehen (interpretive understanding) and individual actions.

- Laid the groundwork for micro-sociological investigations.

- ?? Correct Answer: Weber

- Option 4: Merton

- Introduced concepts like role models and self-fulfilling prophecy.

- Contributed to both micro and macro-sociology with structural-functional analysis.