Explanation:

- According to Max Weber, Sati (the historical custom where a widow immolated herself on her husband's funeral pyre) represents a form of social action because it is guided by shared social meanings and values.

- Option 1: Social action

- Correct Answer

- Social action means any action done by an individual that takes into account the behavior of others and is oriented in its course.

- Option 2: Wertrational action

- This is value-rational action, done because of a belief in some ethical, religious, or other value. Sati can sometimes be interpreted as this, but Weber explicitly termed it a “social action” in a general sense.

- Option 3: Affective action

- Action driven by emotions or feelings rather than rationality or tradition.

- Option 4: Institutionalized action

- Refers to actions that are embedded into established organizations or traditions. Sati was institutionalized historically, but that's not Weber's exact categorization.

Correct Answer: Option 1 - Social action