Explanation:

Sure, let’s break this down:

- Option 1: Individual

- Marx didn’t see individuals as the main drivers of historical change. He argued that big social changes aren’t about what one person does, but about broader social forces at work.

- Option 2: Technology

- Technology matters—Marx talked about “forces of production” (like tools and machines)—but he saw technology as a result of deeper social relations. It’s important, but not *the* main force.

- Option 3: Dialectic

- This is about how contradictions and opposing forces exist in society and drive historical change. Marx used the dialectical method, but it’s more about the process of change—not the root cause.

- Option 4: Class Conflict

- This is the heart of Marx’s theory. He argued that history is driven by struggles between different classes (like bourgeoisie and proletariat). This conflict pushes society to change, overthrowing old systems and building new ones.