Malthus published his first essay on population in 1798. The basic propositions of Malthus’s theory are as follow:

1.   Population is necessarily limited by the means of subsistence.

2.   Population invariably increases where the means of subsistence increase, unless prevented by some very powerful and obvious checks.

3.   These checks, and the checks which repress the superior power of population, and keep its effects on a level with the means of subsistence are all resolvable into moral restraint, vice and misery.

4.   Effective way to control the population is by the use of family planning policies and birth control methods

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